本帖最后由 suwubee 于 2020-8-27 23:24 编辑
这三台机器的配置、内网IP和hostname分别为 6核/16G，192.168.1.1，server1 1核/4G，192.168.1.2，server2 1核/4G，192.168.1.3，server3
升级系统，安装Java - yum -y updateyum -y install java-1.8.0-openjdk java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
配置Java - cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/profile.d/java8.sh
- export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre-openjdk
- export PATH=\$PATH:\$JAVA_HOME/bin
- export CLASSPATH=.:\$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib:\$JAVA_HOME/lib:\$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
- EOF
- source /etc/profile.d/java8.sh
配置elasticsearch安装源 - cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/elasticsearch.repo
- [elasticsearch-7.x]
- name=Elasticsearch repository for 7.x packages
- baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/oss-7.x/yum
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
- enabled=1
- autorefresh=1
- type=rpm-md
- EOF
安装elasticsearch - yum -y install elasticsearch-oss
修改配置允许远程访问 - /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml
- 修改为如下
- network.host: 0.0.0.0
- cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["node-1"]
启动elasticsearch并开机自启动 - systemctl enable --now elasticsearch
查看是否正常启动 - systemctl status elasticsearch
如果看到Active: active (running) 则是正常启动了。 此外需要开放防火墙的9200端口。由于我这边是内网，所以直接把firewalld关闭，禁用自启动了。 - systemctl disable --now firewalld
再次测试是否运行，也可以在server1和server3上测试是否允许外部访问 - [root@server2 network-scripts]# curl http://127.0.0.1:9200
- {
- "name" : "server2",
- "cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
- "cluster_uuid" : "G2Jh9gIeSfK8D_D8hEYfOg",
- "version" : {
- "number" : "7.9.0",
- "build_flavor" : "oss",
- "build_type" : "rpm",
- "build_hash" : "a479a2a7fce0389512d6a9361301708b92dff667",
- "build_date" : "2020-08-11T21:36:48.204330Z",
- "build_snapshot" : false,
- "lucene_version" : "8.6.0",
- "minimum_wire_compatibility_version" : "6.8.0",
- "minimum_index_compatibility_version" : "6.0.0-beta1"
- },
- "tagline" : "You Know, for Search"
- }
一开始在jemalloc上折腾了很久，后来发现直接用epel源就顺利解决了 - yum install -y autoconf epel-release pygpgme yum-utils
配置安装源 - cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/varnishcache_varnish64.repo
- [varnishcache_varnish64]
- name=varnishcache_varnish64
- baseurl=https://packagecloud.io/varnishcache/varnish64/el/7/$basearch
- repo_gpgcheck=1
- gpgcheck=0
- enabled=1
- gpgkey=https://packagecloud.io/varnishcache/varnish64/gpgkey
- sslverify=1
- sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
- metadata_expire=300
- [varnishcache_varnish64-source]
- name=varnishcache_varnish64-source
- baseurl=https://packagecloud.io/varnishcache/varnish64/el/7/SRPMS
- repo_gpgcheck=1
- gpgcheck=0
- enabled=1
- gpgkey=https://packagecloud.io/varnishcache/varnish64/gpgkey
- sslverify=1
- sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
- metadata_expire=300
- EOF
清除缓存，安装Varnish6.4.0 - sudo yum -q makecache -y --disablerepo='*' --enablerepo='varnishcache_varnish64'
- yum -y install varnish
启动并开启自启动 - systemctl enable --now varnish
检查varnish状态 看到Active: active (running)则说明启动成功 同样的由于内网，3号机器也关闭了防火墙 - systemctl disable --now firewalld<div align="left"></div>
varnish可以通过命令varnishstat来查看运行状态
为了这篇文章写得方便，这里使用目前比较流行的宝塔面板，如果是我自己使用的话，首选cPanel+Cloudlinux，其次用Vestacp。 安装宝塔 - yum install -y wget && wget -O install.sh http://download.bt.cn/install/install_6.0.sh && sh install.sh
安装后选择安装软件、 - Apache 2.4.46
- MySQL 8.0.20
- PHP 7.4.9
- Redis 6.0.6
【重要】安装完成后安装PHP扩展，ionCube、fileinfo、opcache、redis、intl、xsl，并且修改PHP的memory_limit为1536M，另外务必别忘了解除禁用函数putenv,proc_open,openlog,syslog,pcntl_signal。
然后进入宝塔面板，创建网站和数据库，并删除网站目录下的所有文件，避免安装时候文件重复无法覆盖。
在composer的时候需要使用到unzip，因此预先安装好，并且通过ssh进入到网站主目录 - yum install -y unzipcd /www/wwwroot/demo.com
这里有三个办法安装Magento2.4主程序 【推荐】方法一：单文件安装
在主目录生成composer.json文件 - cat <<EOF | sudo tee /www/wwwroot/demo.com/composer.json
- {
- "name": "magento/project-community-edition",
- "description": "eCommerce Platform for Growth (Community Edition)",
- "type": "project",
- "license": [
- "OSL-3.0",
- "AFL-3.0"
- ],
- "config": {
- "preferred-install": "dist",
- "sort-packages": true
- },
- "require": {
- "magento/product-community-edition": "2.4.0",
- "magento/composer-root-update-plugin": "~1.0"
- },
- "require-dev": {
- "allure-framework/allure-phpunit": "~1.2.0",
- "dealerdirect/phpcodesniffer-composer-installer": "^0.5.0",
- "friendsofphp/php-cs-fixer": "~2.16.0",
- "lusitanian/oauth": "~0.8.10",
- "magento/magento-coding-standard": "*",
- "magento/magento2-functional-testing-framework": "^3.0",
- "pdepend/pdepend": "~2.7.1",
- "phpcompatibility/php-compatibility": "^9.3",
- "phpmd/phpmd": "^2.8.0",
- "phpstan/phpstan": ">=0.12.3 <=0.12.23",
- "phpunit/phpunit": "^9",
- "sebastian/phpcpd": "~5.0.0",
- "squizlabs/php_codesniffer": "~3.5.4"
- },
- "conflict": {
- "gene/bluefoot": "*"
- },
- "autoload": {
- "psr-4": {
- "Magento\\\\Framework\\\": "lib/internal/Magento/Framework/",
- "Magento\\\\Setup\\\": "setup/src/Magento/Setup/",
- "Magento\\\": "app/code/Magento/",
- "Zend\\\\Mvc\\\\Controller\\\": "setup/src/Zend/Mvc/Controller/"
- },
- "psr-0": {
- "": [
- "app/code/",
- "generated/code/"
- ]
- },
- "files": [
- "app/etc/NonComposerComponentRegistration.php"
- ],
- "exclude-from-classmap": [
- "**/dev/**",
- "**/update/**",
- "**/Test/**"
- ]
- },
- "autoload-dev": {
- "psr-4": {
- "Magento\\\\Sniffs\\\": "dev/tests/static/framework/Magento/Sniffs/",
- "Magento\\\\Tools\\\": "dev/tools/Magento/Tools/",
- "Magento\\\\Tools\\\\Sanity\\\": "dev/build/publication/sanity/Magento/Tools/Sanity/",
- "Magento\\\\TestFramework\\\\Inspection\\\": "dev/tests/static/framework/Magento/TestFramework/Inspection/",
- "Magento\\\\TestFramework\\\\Utility\\\": "dev/tests/static/framework/Magento/TestFramework/Utility/",
- "Magento\\\\PhpStan\\\": "dev/tests/static/framework/Magento/PhpStan/"
- }
- },
- "version": "2.4.0",
- "minimum-stability": "stable",
- "repositories": [
- {
- "type": "composer",
- "url": "https://repo.magento.com/"
- }
- ],
- "extra": {
- "magento-force": "override"
- }
- }
- EOF
方法二：composer获取源码 - composer create-project --repository-url=https://repo.magento.com/ magento/project-community-edition=2.4.0
#提示username输入Public Key，password输入Private Key，是否创建auth.json，输入Y回车。 这个时候安装的数据都在/www/wwwroot/demo.com/project-community-edition目录下，我们需要转移文件到网站根目录，用命令行迁移容易丢失.htaccess等文件，建议用文件管理器迁移。
【推荐】方法三：上传源码
上述三种办法任选其一，随后在主目录执行 composer安装完成后执行magento安装，Magento2.4.0已取消网页安装，将下列命令行关于数据库信息和域名信息修改后填入，请注意ElasticSearch服务器是必需的 - bin/magento setup:install --base-url=http://www.demo.com/ \
- --db-host=localhost --db-name=demo_com --db-user=demo_com --db-password=MmZ8asfdjk \
- --admin-firstname=Magento --admin-lastname=User [email protected] \
- --admin-user=admin --admin-password=demoadmin88 --language=en_US \
- --currency=USD --timezone=America/Chicago --use-rewrites=1 \
- --search-engine=elasticsearch7 --elasticsearch-host=server2 \
- --elasticsearch-port=9200
执行完成后显示对应目录为/admin_31b6ig - [SUCCESS]: Magento installation complete.
- [SUCCESS]: Magento Admin URI: /admin_31b6ig
- Nothing to import.
因为我们一直都是root用户执行命令，因此需要最后重置一下文件权限，此外Magento2.4.0强制开启了二次验证，我们这里关掉，随后刷新静态资源、索引和缓存 - chown -R www:www /www/wwwroot/demo.com
- bin/magento module:disable Magento_TwoFactorAuth
- bin/magento setup:upgrade
- bin/magento setup:di:compile
- bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy -f
- bin/magento indexer:reindex
- bin/magento cache:flush
如果遇到文件读写权限的问题，再执行一遍权限 - chown -R www:www /www/wwwroot/demo.com
- [root@server1 demo.com]# bin/magento setup:performance:generate-fixtures /www/wwwroot/demo.com/setup/performance-toolkit/profiles/ce/medium.xml
- Generating profile with following params:
- |- Admin Users: 50
- |- Websites: 3
- |- Store Groups Count: 3
- |- Store Views Count: 3
- |- Categories: 300
- |- Attribute Sets (Default): 3
- |- Attribute Sets (Extra): 30
- |- Simple products: 24000
- |- Configurable products: 640
- |- Product images: 1000, 3 per product
- |- Customers: 2000
- |- Cart Price Rules: 20
- |- Catalog Price Rules: 20
- |- Coupon Codes: 20
- |- Orders: 50000
- Config Changes... done in 00:00:00
- Generating admin users... done in 00:00:02
- Generating websites, stores and store views... done in 00:00:02
- Generating categories... done in 00:00:11
- Generating attribute sets... done in 00:00:10
- Generating simple products... done in 00:01:55
- Generating configurable EAV variations... done in 00:00:00
- Generating bundle products... done in 00:00:00
- Generating configurable products... done in 00:00:51
- Generating images... done in 00:00:44
- Generating customer groups... done in 00:00:00
- Generating customers... done in 00:00:11
- Generating cart price rules... done in 00:00:03
- Generating catalog price rules... done in 00:00:03
- Generating tax rates... done in 00:04:05
- Generating tax rules... done in 00:00:00
- Generating coupon codes... done in 00:00:00
- Generating orders... done in 00:03:36
- Indexers Mode Changes... done in 00:00:03
- Design Config Grid index has been rebuilt successfully in 00:00:00
- Customer Grid index has been rebuilt successfully in 00:00:01
- Category Products index has been rebuilt successfully in 00:00:15
- Product Categories index has been rebuilt successfully in 00:00:00
- Catalog Rule Product index has been rebuilt successfully in 00:00:19
- Product EAV index has been rebuilt successfully in 00:00:20
- Stock index has been rebuilt successfully in 00:00:16
- Inventory index has been rebuilt successfully in 00:00:00
- Catalog Product Rule index has been rebuilt successfully in 00:00:00
- Product Price index has been rebuilt successfully in 00:00:28
- Catalog Search index has been rebuilt successfully in 00:03:55
- Total execution time: 00:17:53
整体数据比较满意，毕竟4万产品和5万订单在这么短的时间内生成处理就已经相当不错了，而且这个服务器还只是入门性能。
跑完分后访问前后台还是有报错，没办法，再来执行一遍 - bin/magento setup:upgrade
- bin/magento setup:di:compile
- bin/magento setup:static-content:deploy -f
- bin/magento indexer:reindex
- bin/magento cache:flush
最后配置varnish，在后台依次进入 Store - Configuration - System - Full Page Cache 设置Backend host源IP，注意：我们这里是将Varnish分离出去了，因为实际情况中鉴于各种BUG以及对SSL兼容性的问题，最终我们将不使用varnish，本文仅作安装配置说明，后面在关于性能优化方面会具体为什么不用varnish以及varnish的替代方案。 另外设置varnish为缓存后会存在前台导航菜单丢失的情况，最简单的办法是修改 /vendor/magento/module-theme/view/frontend/layout/default.xml中66行，将ttl="3600"删除即可。 配置Varnish后前台丢导航
到这里，整个环境安装完成。
Magento2.4.0首次登录后台显示
后台40000产品，非常流畅。
得益于ElasticSearch7.6，前台搜索也非常棒！
后续计划 第二篇将通过一系列工具演练产品的采集和上传， 第三篇会通过一些插件进而完善电商的各个运营环节， 第四篇会注重优化前台页面的速度性能， 后续待定... 【我是原作者，转发公众号至广告中国，请勿转载。】
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发表于 2020-8-27 23:17:12
发表于 2020-8-28 08:42:32
发表于 2020-8-28 11:28:47
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