AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️FB BM不限额,短id账单户BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户
PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量优质住宅/移动代理/高匿名/高性能
TK白名单老户|兼职广告可投T3NZU:定义应用网盟新时代 FB个号3块一个寻找顶级电商?AdsBranded等你!
TK老户/国内外端口/预审/加白广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构
查看: 5204|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
  Z' Z6 ?$ m- c' _" W6 P8 [! P& \! j: G
转帖" E3 f) s! Y7 N
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
, `6 `$ ^( F1 `- \: ^& M
1 c& O. j- y$ T; w; @
例如:
9 k* S# S2 t- k* k! q' v  `7 v& b
2 o% j+ e$ T" n, B) ?% X$ GMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)9 ^: O/ t9 K; B" t8 X4 w, R
: e$ m$ D8 z$ X
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)  ~0 J2 H- E6 z% E

4 G5 c5 P+ u8 o0 N. p% |3 kThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)" R- Y" M. z1 s* I, S' h

3 j3 Y7 ]" ^; c6 I2 @/ eThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?): D7 w0 c2 T' v0 A
: U, p) ^6 ?2 d' f6 G7 G( u, F
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
# v5 y' E* S1 T% v
5 N' F+ t* I/ z: F/ GMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)" `& r7 k& C1 W

0 N4 r+ e& _, }) P* s1 ^We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
8 a, j' D; ~7 w
3 Y" h- f/ J% f8 T5 L( w7 VThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)) ^$ e) i1 L: @- l# V4 ~
0 L* [' y% s( w; C; D' a% D
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)1 H' M& e; N4 \! y" B

4 K  W5 _. R* O2 G! R7 N0 H8 ^; fPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)7 m7 a7 @# N# W" g1 d
) i0 B2 g! d9 C4 L! ~3 [
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!, X8 I; V+ D9 p" J/ ]* `
4 E$ K% B" E) `: Q
6 B( V7 ], H& D1 h
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
/ H' U9 X5 a' c5 z, T
2 F0 D8 n, G8 Q& R6 k例如:& y7 `2 A# E9 e, W' C
/ }( A" m, T0 G5 \
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
# E, B4 K  W; G1 K) ~& n: s
1 C' {, h! \# N: ZDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though): M, v/ S; J% h9 x5 R, d4 ]

: }: n. ~! ?0 q8 D4 ]/ n5 |I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)( ^7 {; e# r* i4 F7 R

& k& j5 o3 Q9 e; I% eHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
& _- ^/ X6 T" S$ w( i9 r7 ^/ P; k
- h$ T+ Q  M0 UIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)" A6 {% e( b+ J/ L- b
8 D" d) o/ s" @
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)0 [: M+ q) z6 K  P# h6 \

4 I5 X; ^, }8 jI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
* L* u# l- v( m& p! s
" t- M( u: R; |8 F: j  d如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:6 {! C; K0 k5 d/ W. k

8 @# A, |5 l, d1 P" e8 ZThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
; i6 }0 i$ e. W9 s6 e2 s% m( R& F. W1 ~$ q- @
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
. z" o9 W2 N* B8 o6 q  g& d" ^) w2 D* @
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
7 ?1 O/ d9 H+ \. b6 Y& m1 @6 t  R& o# {3 o8 W
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)! Y+ O) e0 `. C& O# |# K" _

4 U. L) F8 ]. \+ IWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)8 G" w9 y( i- n; t* C
5 p1 B2 G" c- X% o& {( O- @
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)& u- K9 Q) V) r0 S
8 Z7 b+ z: a6 F8 [) r- T
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
! y2 \, e" ~( l4 D- \5 }9 j' {
* ?% v+ q/ T# l( s5 f" X此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
) c' |" z  r! W6 z' k
- A# ~$ e0 S$ s" X3 P7 r7 |0 v/ n9 `) k6 v+ T1 q' v; |
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
0 m& a  }5 J1 J" e5 T. Y& b# @1 r" c0 w& M' b& k- N
例如:9 H2 k2 ~$ r0 O7 w; C( q) z& O

4 ?* {; }" r* v2 q. [: kMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)! `8 I: L7 \- A- {+ B
. I( C% P/ g) l0 ~9 x, {
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
3 P. N2 _: Y6 a7 u
: l5 Q3 K- U( j) k# G& DThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
2 H$ c5 j/ h3 b- K% G- ~- X
5 V: V/ s% A' }! D4 R" H, YHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)8 `% e$ B$ S! m" f/ |% Y; `) ]  I% \

8 E& }, x2 Q5 KMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)5 I. `7 D0 o! x4 [3 M  b
2 T1 W0 ^. u/ V1 u  l
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
# C/ m# l! `) I6 V- d4 Q  ?
8 T( v$ p0 J8 j; D4 I0 ?9 OCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
0 g+ O% V* M5 {( j5 H# r- o2 {: K4 ?1 S% y  p, `- |# N
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
- Q3 w4 x# S! B7 P
, F7 u9 E! U6 H+ R同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。! {  \' J: e* @4 z

. D! O) D" e0 |0 ^0 P; Y当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:5 e/ p) |5 u* P5 E2 R6 B5 Y+ ]
  A1 E, }/ a2 M5 h- |0 A
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;+ p3 l; J# Z8 K4 v2 d

' E  |  r) J& e  D5 E对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;) a/ x: n. `1 t1 T/ t
1 ?! S  k/ v" K9 i( `; _$ V6 J' y$ k
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;5 h2 R3 t  a& Y
5 U  l/ P' Y. O6 b* q
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
9 N. l0 e) p8 k, y) m4 G0 y; G. l- N6 `8 y
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
1 M1 |! w. p7 K, E& v9 y/ a, L: j# h9 _) t: I
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。& M* k) Z; C( \: x

4 j" {2 i: L+ ]2 B# d) s有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。) `/ K4 H3 h1 A! c# _4 d

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2025-12-25 10:29 , Processed in 0.044828 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表