找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPTK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户源头
广告位出租虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 7244|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Binom_AdvertCN
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
( Z! l5 m3 P) ~* I6 B) Z/ c4 C( o  r9 [. ^, s' z' `
转帖
$ v) G2 P3 D% l2 Y+ i; F5 E1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

+ q$ O* E6 ?: e! u+ ^, @8 R# i6 ?! e% U! w
例如:
* E$ S& h6 O, D/ \) Z
' K) X& u6 n, v- W( p" y' iMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
0 o% C) ^; F3 [9 [" O) c
3 p1 ]- L9 K3 W0 Y1 RThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)7 }8 }! p6 w8 y9 V* N. \4 v

1 z. }$ j+ [2 H; ^. rThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)* Y! z5 G4 X6 S7 h' `& d8 v, A( o
' w: o. k  _3 J1 I
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
1 K& J* e1 \6 O) w3 h2 s
8 W# l& @8 s: K- nI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
7 u8 h" C' G9 w6 l5 r3 K
/ T# @/ H( Q$ }; V* D. U& }% |Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
) x5 j+ l' F; W. a) a3 K8 `
$ Y1 J$ r# y8 n) }8 u9 MWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
% K- o% _- k9 k8 W$ a( r2 V: t
9 I* S: t. {- u  oThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)8 D; |5 S1 [& D% W# F- f1 j! a6 b8 c
7 j' i; m8 b+ M9 k/ ]) s
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
5 [* D: Z) E' J# F# H1 ^' ]& ~  U
+ C7 F# f* o2 I- Z/ YPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?). H! D2 |" D5 n" l* ^" b
. i# k" d9 Z% Y% P& g
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
) a+ v, A* L; _1 k3 Y% `+ g
3 v5 s- v5 i; c. H3 B, u( O8 a6 O* B  r8 |4 P+ O8 w
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。# l$ L% L7 X" K, T

& U6 d7 f4 d" n/ w( W: J( u例如:  N/ H' n0 x+ f: l- }
2 D( @& w- I& e; }  h& O
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)- x+ U$ X1 }# g9 p
0 \7 k$ j- N0 b9 S
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though); O* I4 T0 l5 d

! V# H( ]0 @" kI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
" o% c- k0 m8 \. T! \0 V$ L6 L8 o0 R- P
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
7 p' P0 n) u6 d6 N* l0 z3 h" D0 T+ I9 d
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
5 P* k7 ~) u/ i8 z5 D: k# C1 V+ q
' w7 [1 e9 n3 B3 G3 s, D% tShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
' K2 O- y, D2 o. h$ N) w; V( J0 s/ V. _( e7 i) U7 Y! l+ m
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)- v, R9 Q5 S; e9 S: e* s- E
: F( j4 H9 H3 Q' j7 B7 Y) X4 q* {
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:- I0 G% r5 |; Q2 M5 q3 M+ w% d
+ A) h4 [5 c# j7 s9 s+ c
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)" w4 C4 q7 A+ X

( e/ B$ u1 m) s& o) RThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)3 Z. d! ?, u+ _$ `6 B" V( h
4 t# C  u) {2 S- r" S
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
+ F- H& z" w9 \9 j4 }
3 V) f! u/ u0 cHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
$ v. i: L. M# U
* K, p: w# W( z) cWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
! @. v; u- c5 p$ `6 u/ u0 e# y0 j3 `, {8 @1 @/ l
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
; |* C  _  k$ y& {- X  q" j
7 D5 Y) s' [/ F* Y! s写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)1 B% N7 w; B* K5 P' t9 w
: A9 U$ }* ~- f* J% j
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
2 T# u. q8 C. Q) H, ^. w9 r& v" \/ X$ H) @, I1 v  N

2 y6 i* V: ?# d! l3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」。
; P9 g! N$ U5 _8 m8 I
) _( S9 I3 f( L5 ?. G( t例如:
, z, e. ~* }' ~7 Q2 C7 L) K* z2 t. {/ v" O) K" m
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)# Y" _9 \" ]1 K6 b7 z* `

) H5 j' S/ t! S# @7 o$ ~Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
8 [5 Y! x( u# n* J
5 \7 C8 G5 Q) w( TThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)) b$ ^3 @" [! }0 ?) w# }1 B0 d2 d

( }" Y) S4 m' W1 v2 IHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
) ]9 q+ @# B  X5 f7 o
: ?6 i: @7 W0 s5 R- D8 ^1 UMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)/ x  m/ M2 C/ Q
2 O, a9 ]& x  O/ V: J. {: j
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)6 D" {/ F) K3 j  ^4 p
" b+ {; Z: H+ I0 y0 ]9 X
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives): r5 n8 L8 ?3 Z( [+ [! `
: R: h  n" O, X/ }% I3 @$ [# A
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
8 a- \" P1 [9 [! E1 W7 G4 i) T5 {% [  o  o& V5 {* i- o
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。& @! s6 x/ Y6 u" |

" e, c6 p. H) \3 n3 ?* H$ ~当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:3 h2 G( a9 i( M; ]+ q1 T+ A# |

4 x( V, X2 o, F9 s& i( S对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
8 P( h2 y- G- L* F& ^1 b
5 }, o+ t2 L3 v# @对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
$ \" y- p! c' {
& D4 A6 d4 Q5 {6 d1 v/ t对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;- M1 x' f7 b+ T+ o) a

  \- x, W6 }* O' x6 [7 k对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
" u4 r5 K  Y, t9 U1 r* o7 c, H9 S0 S; ]  @/ k0 L& Z; t
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:( y% K8 X! C) `4 U0 F4 {
' N( |6 w) v( E5 G' H# w
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。$ o7 H& K, G7 j6 I
, ~2 K) v/ s& p8 [/ f' u
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
8 d& y2 K) v+ B+ f

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-10-13 04:00 , Processed in 0.075600 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表