AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户
海外CL企业户源头FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB个号1块一个
TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️跨境债务催收/风险代理Proxy4Free独家住宅IP池❤️免费测试
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6005|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
PTMLink
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 ; w5 s+ V% y8 H1 H! W2 j
/ b5 h* e2 s/ f
转帖5 K1 d8 i, q; @7 L% Z6 v
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

  r6 K0 G  k/ K
0 Q3 }% O8 }, j例如:
+ v) u2 L( x. Q! k* c; d( E# ^! g; B( M! S5 V1 }
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
7 U* N* E5 g8 G  e/ B( D2 _
, v4 N7 ~' _6 o" G+ e$ q4 ~1 pThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
& p+ w# y9 o, k4 M8 c* ?3 B4 @1 Q" m. G$ [1 _) X
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)2 z+ Y- c1 d2 k, P8 q- W
  V- G" K* q9 I5 w! m
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)0 o0 \0 {+ n6 R

% i9 Y/ x% W. jI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)0 Q% `  X+ F7 W" [6 ~, ~
! a: v9 n- h5 G
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)! S7 F" z% p3 w, w. G2 s) M4 w( x3 r

& r5 \, M5 E3 q7 W2 g9 z6 XWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)6 J% t3 q: l1 p* B9 a1 X" x5 e( w

9 A( T: z& w* B' {4 [9 Y0 bThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)' Q3 R- G& g0 C1 X
1 N5 i1 F  B7 M8 j& d4 A. w
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
+ N; r  ~: S. o4 B5 J! H+ v0 x% z7 z2 t6 {) r5 O
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
$ p# s* n$ C9 o3 s, i% ~; D- Z
/ H, F8 m# a$ h- o1 w, ~6 q这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
. j4 j7 j3 ]/ H! D3 t& `( Q( L- H' r4 r7 P
! o/ e7 B8 p* n* B
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。! d# ?" ?: Z4 x8 z- f- [
# M# J! F  x, N5 q8 i; v
例如:- z" g8 ?6 F3 A' I

* f& A) _" c1 P; tAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
" h! x% j: f4 a; K7 ?6 D, J) L$ P  r! E$ F+ t. z
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)% j0 ^7 J/ n0 [+ R: O2 p

" z! p1 r7 j' j) |I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)8 B+ M9 ]# j8 S0 K$ v! ~: O- a( H
1 c* X! J2 u, ?0 z  k# J
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because), i+ h/ |! _2 l2 k

9 ]; b7 s7 c4 f3 X& P0 l3 L1 Y+ F3 UIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)3 X% Z7 n' ^# D

6 Z: v. A3 C  NShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
% j% N3 b8 U3 r8 f% K* H2 ]
: Q* T9 w5 X; t) [I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
/ P. L% J# D% j6 ^* H; p# Y
/ R0 n8 T) D+ i* \7 G5 ~如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
# s! E" B: |( a% e7 I+ }7 X1 _+ Z* q8 u+ a
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
8 y% y1 ~- L$ C, j( S& Y4 D" J0 L- ]" z/ U
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
+ h+ h" m# q" w* ~" j
( [- r7 n! o( B" n) c% bHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)7 P9 S. b# [9 H3 O1 R. Q/ w7 e7 k
+ @" M: q+ t! e9 k& R
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
! E9 w1 j. b/ L+ a2 [1 ?; b
0 Q, K; M5 c7 D" ~' f- c- [We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
2 @% q9 ?+ L" o# |
) {; X  G/ O, k/ q% y6 T8 iEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)5 k. m9 a  k. f7 J+ d

. B) t# ]: W- F5 N6 I写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
4 r- R( ^" S8 L$ _4 J" ^9 F; [1 `* M6 L5 p7 }8 M" i( {" ^
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
* Q# N$ r! \/ i. Y$ Z$ {& C+ u3 P: E7 e
& ~& U6 x, {+ ~. o2 R
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
5 a6 Z0 C# L9 r6 z. m5 d
: F) w6 l/ C) s" s0 [# e% a例如:  O, M: I4 M- r1 V' Z6 z

3 q* Y% B, K4 U5 C6 B+ T5 hMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
- ]: u. ^* e9 @( u/ _  \8 d8 k1 {  o. y5 H3 D4 J& u
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)- Y5 w0 k3 W# K0 s+ {) @( w' T2 ~

( ^' p& w7 |1 p& zThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
7 Q3 k" H8 j) [( ]; |
, l1 @" N$ N5 {* b2 ?+ WHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)9 O0 R1 y4 r- N6 @0 e7 J" r

' \+ y& @: P3 A( O+ d$ lMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
, n7 N: p% a, C6 V
' h& T( `! z/ J3 w+ C2 \4 TPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
- J: R! z& P2 ]  X; {: @
9 ^( D' ^3 k( KCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
: i8 w% b7 b" }9 V, N! @+ q
7 I7 k0 Z" ~, b' I. B3 QStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)# B9 F, d5 B! e- ^8 k" T- w
' Y0 c7 r, U+ @7 |# w
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。1 ^8 }. U+ _2 X+ |) P$ c
1 O- _+ ^; r9 L4 \! J3 o
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:9 b# @! o! W8 B7 M( T+ s8 s/ _
6 O+ f5 {9 B7 d, k0 z$ o
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
+ R. K# |5 U  w( j% F) [
! }9 M- u1 I& P8 {对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
: Z8 I! W* J* }( [; Z! ^' h- J( q. Z) `! U4 O+ ]- `; i+ P
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
+ b7 m& ^' r( `6 J% g5 b% @! ^- T. ]4 e* P3 z: {/ E. ~
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
& q/ ^7 }& O7 x; H9 ?8 Y0 V" C/ {1 w% l0 J; O- W! a
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:# [- R3 w0 g. y) {; }

( o6 ^, t0 K: F还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。! `+ E5 A- |" H7 K0 B; a$ s
* ^) C, A! s' @3 ?; O$ i% D
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
0 Q* A9 x8 f/ J/ ]0 [

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-5-9 20:17 , Processed in 0.045754 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表