找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip
广告位出租虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 7028|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
: l' o8 X: |) H8 Q( `% {2 l  ?( n7 g" I8 F3 c0 L. D
转帖
) b) y  c# J5 v1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
7 V3 B5 h: J9 T# K  h

) r. G9 Z- r& j1 g$ R0 i) o例如:
/ B( |  ~3 z, k6 |# W6 u8 b  h  |' Y
, ^, H# t& d0 [7 S2 W) bMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)) p- E& ~4 Q* o; r

7 {: j# S3 ~8 ~4 l$ AThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。); J4 g# F. {8 E. g: E
" ?& x5 L3 }: N
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
9 r# m7 w7 Z# N  r: M, W  V( c
: Y. L. V" T/ M3 X. {2 m9 HThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?): c( \( a3 r4 H" q5 X! C1 J

! l/ a; |3 E! U0 FI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)4 {" q3 v( G* L+ }4 v3 r( e: u

: m. i  R) _5 }6 s% ~Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)( r+ C- B6 \+ K7 |# u1 Z

+ B8 C% h2 D$ Y3 _0 {8 I; OWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)5 l. ?4 J% A- ?8 L
) D* `. A9 ^* b; d+ y' ~2 @8 g
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)+ t9 T4 Z/ o' T0 k
( B& D  o; J. u+ r/ q# F
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
# @/ W. w  ]( S5 p2 Z6 [" L# p, X+ N# c3 x1 C; t( M# _, ]( Z  f
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
' z7 I$ O; S4 \  ^' [0 C7 k, g9 ^+ ^5 P3 b, H/ j' ]' v9 Y
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
- g" x* I5 J7 T; Z2 ?
4 R+ S! ?2 A! \- }% a
( C. U; i! r% D3 D: f2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
: a* R% L  c8 Q
0 H# ^+ P5 G+ C* r! @- U例如:& w8 x2 J- x! Y

. r2 s; `- x4 E1 V) w9 b1 `At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)' G; n/ B' B) P. [4 [

- S) r" W( ]" Q4 O. f% MDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
5 N. `# z; ]2 R; ?% y
8 ~5 D$ y( ?! h) B% mI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think): B) x5 W( ~9 s3 h% y! w/ c
  h$ S$ O/ V$ F
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)) ], E1 Z! J; v( H9 S5 x% [- E

' P. b! d3 j  H- jIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)7 E4 G/ E9 l% t9 j) _8 c- q" h

+ `. K$ \( E- e' [# l4 kShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer): I( G  }& S2 X6 ]" ]. i  V
/ X! v  U1 W& g" u
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)0 R* u. Y) P+ s
4 W7 T9 A; D! K0 j! G9 G
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:4 v8 q/ F- y% e' J- @

1 z; ~! _* C2 ^0 qThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
7 g- k( `- z$ }: Q2 f' h' C$ V4 m; x  @% B$ N& q$ h$ p1 r: `
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.); r/ H& z1 N) r

* j" H$ \3 E% ~* {He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
( z$ u+ s& q, d  ]/ x. l/ B* A* M2 m! `$ Q3 c' N2 j
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
) a3 X" b7 e$ f9 v9 ~/ W8 N1 l+ a$ G2 p7 k$ A- J( m, I
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)6 K6 a  e; t1 t; ^

# l- I* w5 S1 s1 y: K0 QEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)  z, g1 |5 |# h6 ~* h% h  ^
+ e5 i3 C. i$ h# W
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
+ t/ ^4 n8 U# e$ f) M$ q* _& k! @# N5 j, S8 S0 d/ B
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
' r/ f- e! x. `/ Z# G/ R; M
6 p! V1 A/ f% x& O2 [% |) q$ s. V: N$ Z0 N$ n# i
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」' t6 Y; i: F6 W, ^8 \
& l% h% R1 Q% v+ j  F
例如:
/ S- |6 h, o$ t& S% E* ~4 `' Y8 a( x0 s- ]* ?; K: G2 s0 V  j9 T
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
1 x; f9 @' R. b
: k$ x$ t. o. P' _Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)- G2 @+ c3 N4 B1 `) u" N" P: a

9 g" U" e; ]0 z7 M  ZThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)' J! a* @( _  ^3 _. j0 x

, G1 D/ G) X( [" ?7 l* [He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)) d2 j1 S( s2 e. A
  S. s+ F8 F- T& O9 t7 O$ b
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
4 B6 e& P" V% z& n$ p+ T
' U0 j' C% a! B7 bPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
' o: d2 H1 u! ?% q  I, N( t* C9 N' ~9 X* h$ c/ L2 g2 ~
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)0 u# n1 Y+ i2 u, ~- D8 e4 l
' p# S7 [, T$ M7 }4 K8 F- t7 k& O
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)2 a" g# m' e8 b, x. w8 @6 h

; [+ }" ~4 F- c' _同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。! y% z& k" k, T/ ?

$ ~' H4 A5 y/ q$ P; l+ u. p  T当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
7 z- |; f5 Q( Y- ?$ _$ _. d$ [( K5 ~- z" A: u7 k2 c
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;7 \4 m; Q0 f" Y7 l7 F5 r3 Z

# ]# g- l- W- K# v" k对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
7 _* \5 y- _: s+ n
+ [, W3 ?- E( k" }4 U' X对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
$ E( _" {# g3 t0 `
8 a' I# @+ s/ F; s对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;4 [0 t! H1 p: D* I: Z

4 Y" |9 q- [1 b! }- _. G. Z& t至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
) m6 f, P! }) |* s0 Q
& x+ c# W. H7 I/ c1 ?还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。! X- u+ C7 J9 I' L& m, @
5 n- R( J) _0 H+ F5 F
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。7 w5 L% n3 \8 S$ M  h

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-9-15 10:20 , Processed in 0.068904 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表