找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户源头9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip广告位出租
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 7099|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Binom_AdvertCN
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
; R8 v" p0 |. i, P( {2 r( i9 }% p+ L
1 m! z/ I: U* ]2 `转帖
( O! I6 b9 J) y5 y$ i! |1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

, u2 ^" K8 N1 U0 P6 R2 `* L* ~6 m) n# O. c! X
例如:6 c5 o4 V* b. q2 q0 [% U

1 J7 l, g9 ^2 ?- R' {' PMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
7 Y; l$ c- t, N" c( S; H; q& W* z! b' {+ j
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)0 h% H% ^; i7 G: t
: b6 h2 `" x9 K  k; u5 _( D& \
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)' W. z* R. P3 X) {& D' G: E

. s- q$ v' k3 m+ EThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)" r6 a& u; s0 H
, R8 y' w  _7 W1 X+ e
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
5 @% C0 ~, a8 y8 N  V$ Y7 x* P; g
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)1 U& w& p: e5 w. Q( H: A2 x

8 r. D' N2 s- M4 r$ {# WWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)8 U6 A. L8 D* c7 y5 k; @, y% {" S

& d! f$ T+ G) x. U9 f  w9 @The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
, `0 v* L( D1 [5 ?
; o7 f, e5 m9 Q, e4 h/ UWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
! n8 c' P! F1 t% a- v3 K2 w& e5 P8 r: d2 O
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?); o: i: n* D9 J1 L1 S
' }& M8 ]6 W& j' u4 e9 ^/ w
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
( }3 |* L: K: T) X/ l3 n- A2 `6 A, C; F9 R

5 v- m2 c  b# v7 m/ I2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
+ S/ V2 s9 e# \+ A1 P0 }) k; f# C. n2 d2 k
例如:
. |) f2 ^, {* N* Y- T+ F! h! t( F$ F: @+ m) ^" e( i' t  V
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
% t+ M* h" Y/ ]4 V0 l- W5 u2 D& M" s$ h- ]# G
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though). E( [5 t% n5 P$ P* q
1 h7 f* M( k3 ^: Q0 `  k
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)$ w  e8 O* Y1 `2 e
% ]. R/ S6 F& Q, a! f- g
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)% X/ Y/ A# C/ O0 U. J, p, `, k. \

5 R/ _' |; o( p& _: P) [, {In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
* l2 Z) Z' i' D( k1 Z/ ]/ g) u( R4 [: P
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)5 k' x& h* z9 Y: H7 d  u( A
4 @% Y  F, i6 L
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
, x, T/ i& i) z2 B/ e: h8 l) ]+ _! k* ~- d. o+ I
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
% z# `% X, I2 z8 e! v9 ~2 O  i9 v% x7 u/ R7 [! z% Y
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)% Y5 ~/ e+ z2 t! F% S& a

9 v, G/ h- V; [4 A) ?1 TThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
1 Y" h. ?- n/ t- l/ E$ D( \6 b9 f" q  v# D* ?/ S% C- V
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
& [1 b& E2 l; Z- f# K
1 C- w+ I$ y! q8 n+ ?, J1 l' S6 [He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
9 J6 g. u& ]6 V! W* p
  Q8 O; f) n& F0 e2 N8 d. V1 @We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
  E, H% B9 E. F: B+ K( `& ^
5 B: w. a* ~: N# h( p4 l, QEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
* B% c% g1 L: m0 R1 @" K" n- J- e& P, R7 ?7 D. J
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.); `% D5 c9 Q) u: L' ~
' l% p) }" P% k" D' V: s
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。' b, |5 W) a# r# x

3 U$ \' E) |6 N
  q: S: `$ y# {, N3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」。" s+ v# v) Q3 K9 `: t

# U/ K( }; v  r, T# e' i; Y例如:' p, b( J4 T1 y  S' S$ n" v
8 }. N+ E; j' F7 ~' m
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
9 q+ U( X& k# ~4 W  C: _
- t% c2 S) [# m2 \+ _* fManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)5 {/ z- W  l2 K3 H( ?- K. _

/ n. d5 m' |3 p- a7 N; }+ TThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)! u) q" i" m0 A6 B: ^

0 b( k" [# h/ P' r' A5 D1 e# s0 jHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
3 [0 T0 b" u0 h- C+ Y6 f5 @1 C7 V% |; r& D6 e7 x0 C
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
. D3 O% L% Y; e8 m' x. s( O* M- R9 m) r: C$ X4 Y6 j9 Y9 P3 Q
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
% O6 |+ Z4 q# Q# B# D3 G/ h0 \
, _! T- k0 s# j+ ECongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)6 P/ m3 y3 r2 D! @* i' G
- I, u, J  W. F* x, A, c
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)2 R8 @0 q. K1 [, B. A
1 {/ `. D% s$ B& W
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
# ~2 u; A" d; e0 o3 |" S( E; }
! j- }7 G2 @# @/ \7 \5 t+ A' z4 P7 O当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:. t# V8 E+ ], E. K6 H
3 z5 j  q  e$ u
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;8 ^7 _" t6 x- U3 ]
8 [8 o  Q5 n9 b9 e0 ]# A
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
% n: ^: f# G% f: C9 c" r4 X8 t  k4 k# o0 ~# r& Q% ~
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;0 c) B: A4 U9 X' y- q
$ w$ G( ]3 U' R
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
9 \3 D* b# y# u# ]6 o
1 |; d# H& L6 ^' i# H至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:  ]7 _5 |, F1 j. u! A' e7 W: C

/ ^3 L% z  g8 p3 a6 E还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
; s: y% K, s/ c; W2 w% B6 f1 T- k1 j3 Q) A  ^; e
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
, u& i& q# @) z1 v9 x

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-9-25 12:19 , Processed in 0.063917 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表