AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户海外CL企业户源头PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️跨境债务催收/风险代理FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户Proxy4Free独家住宅IP池❤️免费测试
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构
查看: 5876|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
PTMLink
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
$ P! r8 G3 V) L( Z
4 M1 @$ G3 |$ u) u7 F) M; Y( [转帖
: C) X2 i. u  z" A3 O1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
! R  j0 r9 p( {. `& G, a5 f" Q* f# {
4 A. F5 y# z! u! ~8 {- M) A: T( P
例如:" ?  M2 P3 Q: w. \0 ^7 z% D; h
6 x+ `* n" ~8 `
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)0 u9 w4 ~8 G8 o7 I9 A$ N6 J

% J; r# Z+ p6 t7 pThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)1 B( n5 D$ v- s, A& v* Z
5 J3 O* a/ E  l/ c
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
2 q. N1 U# `! F9 x
; {8 b0 m# H' H' |The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)3 N1 C: L- B8 i$ I: `
3 e" Q. M' N6 J2 D
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)6 m4 a: c: G& v$ s
+ N! J  G; }) {+ d  y# O+ C/ z
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)" F* L, j0 V! e2 q+ E+ G1 a

# K$ ]- X( p9 a- g% e% |6 HWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
+ c' h- X( _' f  h% w5 Q3 s. [4 P
* S+ B$ o/ Y  ~5 ?5 ?' \: ?2 HThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
9 E, C/ o) Q0 O8 u8 E# `
/ X6 V: h9 _& X- N2 PWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
) Y" Q3 P+ _$ \4 [: N0 t% D
- L8 q2 p4 e. ^Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
& b! }' u. W+ q3 M/ u& M: u5 p# q. S# H5 H' t+ [+ x3 w
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!- E7 @' o5 G4 S9 B* Q, C

/ G$ z) U) _7 p1 ]( ]8 j" l
' ~" b6 K- }! e3 O2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
; S) o9 A) {: B7 t( d
# ]. U$ J9 a# {- B) T# ^! E例如:, Q8 A: v1 L/ @" _& j
7 V- F1 L- p/ D' c; k
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
( U; e. @0 h" J5 }2 X% q7 q/ N5 }+ i% E% Q3 F; f
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)5 ?1 w9 O7 `$ S# L5 L0 K% Y9 J
: v9 Y- Z  k$ w9 ^. k
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)+ N# C4 o/ [, }4 W8 W6 Z

) A" W( r0 }0 nHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
& J6 _9 h1 n" s3 d5 |, s5 @' R9 c& W  z' F
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)- ~3 q; e1 u  u5 C6 l

0 R4 p$ H5 V0 J- u* e% D# n: E* sShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
9 m" x" w; v7 H( l$ C
# k7 v4 w  C2 E/ m) ?  RI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
$ X/ c2 C7 B' S' k& Y9 b/ `) h' T
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
0 @, {( v- S5 W7 X; ?2 _! T" c' f; A
. K, A* T, ]& W6 b; kThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)/ J, D- d7 f( O
& K2 R9 U1 @( g5 |
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
4 B; K& f/ w- k5 F9 |8 H
* ~. d# t8 h7 Z( t6 L2 lHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
8 N; u2 I& k% M$ _" O4 I( L) J, N7 u
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)7 L& U6 v8 j' F- O

3 K, ~3 q+ x0 @$ MWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)6 {  K. o: i  l3 H
9 A4 d- L; o% ]
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
6 K9 u3 r1 Q( ?8 H  ]$ u5 ?  b( u& Z  N2 U3 B
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
3 O: M6 K) U0 K+ R" ^5 D* O. i- U
9 }( T3 W6 Z- S1 ?5 t0 N此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。# l2 n$ O) k* |( K

( G9 Z4 d4 I: v
" s3 T5 b- B, i# m+ w3 }3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」6 z2 p$ d7 X: ?6 q0 G/ s: d1 z* J
$ e. M$ H% \( ^7 J( X( h6 R# t: ]8 S
例如:
  q. m3 ~& `* v, |& s& ^2 p" V% `) c1 m1 m; {
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
6 c- q( ~6 t2 Q6 a! F1 h# i( {: ~9 V3 Y( Y% r, E3 L6 Q6 J6 f
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
8 [0 r5 A' ^2 j4 x: b# H( R! R3 [2 D  ~' X* w+ e
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)+ Q' Q7 U( u# _, V: s9 _- H7 T
5 w3 w& v; |! D" F9 @  z
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
" v2 W/ x3 Z$ E( i- a0 C' [/ V3 D4 O/ o9 w; M
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
# ]0 z5 j5 C0 H3 l# W4 K% ^0 P$ }" U& k' n; k6 d; q% e; ^
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别); i0 }5 W: G& p- s
: C; e: V3 d7 r! z( ]; D/ s1 e! C
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)! Q) H( d) e$ ]

& H) c$ L+ C% q+ JStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
% \, c* G/ M" Q9 p, Z, n5 ?( Q4 S1 z: f' q/ l
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。! r7 {1 A: C0 s. ?* a2 O7 G

  Q6 t5 D0 O8 F; w0 k+ M当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:# n7 Y6 `$ z% G2 `6 \4 o
. p. m0 }9 O+ P2 m3 Y
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
7 c: }! ?) p% w& I+ m& N: `# A) c8 O# p! y5 D3 u* f
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;7 |% l; ]) S$ Q% \+ W4 S
2 R" [  A  J( h, H/ w2 H
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;0 q2 H' p9 T$ D4 g8 Y
; ?4 r  X" W5 ]
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;1 F$ k% F5 n( h1 z, ^* n3 z
" \) j& B) J( }/ Y$ s
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
( D% y* T- }" M" s4 e3 T5 l
' W. t, l2 f! ^" b还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。6 r# X; u, y2 G% x" L
% p8 p. K) q: N. \
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。8 S- i$ d3 e6 H5 }9 k* I

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-4-21 08:52 , Processed in 0.046063 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表