AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化E.PN 虚拟卡FB BM不限额,短id账单户BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量优质住宅/移动代理/高匿名/高性能原生住宅⚡️双isp⚡️适合跨境电商TK白名单老户|兼职广告可投
Miluproxy⚡️全球住宅IP代理Top 3联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡比特指纹浏览器+云手机, 4.5折起T3NZU:定义应用网盟新时代
FB个人号源头服务商寻找顶级电商?AdsBranded等你!广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 5097|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
HuiTong虚拟卡
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 % ]/ e. W& Z4 z' `2 y4 u0 C! u  O

, O# B0 D) ?$ v# @% X1 v转帖& D2 r8 |7 |& s% G
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
3 R$ P; ^' V" P2 ]7 H) Y

* r. r/ x/ y* ~6 ~) C& V1 A例如:+ ]1 N7 c3 n  o
7 g9 _* s$ o' d1 J* j4 y" |! j$ R
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)4 ^% z0 |# F! {. F  q9 A6 N  D

$ s' [/ p+ _8 Y0 K# K! Q- YThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
, t2 Y6 ~: C0 X
; |( P3 z8 B/ HThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
$ w  B0 E8 t& N' Z7 |% e6 L9 |
  J( M# w- G* @( f% EThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
- t; J8 n/ @7 A, A( a* p! x/ L  H
9 M& `, `. i3 XI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
* k9 T+ ?+ [5 T% P& @/ w; `0 k
( G/ E5 v) l. L6 Z9 IMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
1 f! d0 t9 P& P+ b
3 N/ d: _- e. I$ PWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!), g4 b8 i& O7 C& \( b6 G& f
0 l* L( R( ]7 v7 [3 }% U& M0 l3 D
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)7 ?) K% d: O7 O* ]+ W% g' a3 E

2 k' _! H5 }6 J; X; `( ZWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
' q! y! j5 V- z# y" e8 [2 l# G& F# K( N/ t+ v0 v
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
. I: [5 t* E1 c% h0 b
6 }# b3 e: k/ A* h2 r这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!* P5 m# y8 E) @+ l4 W, L5 E# m
- d& `( ~' C) |1 W9 p* v

( }' X8 w* Z9 X& r' L: `2 y, }: s2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。: J  {5 U+ a8 ~! a+ |0 b

- c- ]2 f5 _$ ~1 P; J; N例如:( I+ }# k) v  r  x, U/ B: `

( w! G- u) ]6 K9 Q! rAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
8 S# _. P5 I! Y, G1 }
' f( r7 s3 _3 K5 {3 fDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)# Z( ]6 [+ m2 C; I& R: A  H

  X5 b7 ]7 R' |- F3 BI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)3 \% G7 E, H; \. @0 D5 M6 X
% ~  X7 F9 `2 e( G# [: j; m
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
8 z, k3 x; i6 Y4 }7 y  R! |/ g% B6 I
/ X; T! [6 f5 ~) R( \: u+ p5 m3 TIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)3 [- X1 h- d) v* t

6 w7 c" L! k  l* E3 U5 zShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
2 X. u# E" U0 o8 i3 }5 Q0 k9 K$ N& h: w3 W4 }
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)* b0 n. P+ V8 a1 h5 E

+ p5 y+ q" a/ _0 E* [2 h如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
( M7 S- V. `' h; O. h2 Y
! x4 Z; U5 }4 sThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
7 _6 W- H0 h% _* J$ b8 o" f$ P$ {9 M" F8 Y* s- ?
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
( U4 R7 ^3 w9 J# u
* A; r+ O  a4 o, eHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
7 N' E: U; H. F8 z! g- E' j. P6 M& h8 h+ A
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
8 F' B# ]) Q* i: t! B5 [4 a  s5 d
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
7 z9 o+ Z, X0 q! ]7 ^% i" [  _6 A0 F
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
3 ^. c% @  c- \; \. y6 q$ c. e1 h- S* c3 w" ~% D  a3 Y# \
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
: b, r( d+ w: r, \; o7 m$ @  Z# \
* S4 s: K+ K( }此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
) G: z2 Y; H- O' j& H* X( ^
  I/ {8 X$ ?; n' Z7 i
' q8 V; x5 n" E* h$ e3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
7 u# `* J: c8 @& u2 a: x# j5 D  I' u+ C3 a% R
例如:
$ Q2 \$ F% y1 f' x1 L, D3 y0 O/ J9 _. y7 v/ n* T/ q0 Y
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)' `/ f3 b5 p# T* V% Z1 }4 K! y
# f7 ~8 u2 f+ d# d& u4 Q
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)& a8 u6 N; w! s" g$ r" U
- i# C, ?2 Y' Z
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
9 j; A6 `& p( k5 k4 p
% M" P! b2 o7 A6 q$ ]4 s1 R! w: }* z9 EHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
# q0 q) x& o& B3 k
, D5 c; B6 f0 [* o6 s5 mMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
- s4 }- d) @* X. z; t! V- K0 N
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
3 B9 r3 ?+ k7 z6 u: Z/ r6 J% C/ k( O3 Y# V+ y
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
# O' Y* u% m; N6 O. r4 A
6 _9 h+ P0 a0 v3 {Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)" p  l$ }4 Z- y# e. a6 I, Q

. w6 S2 @, @$ \1 C* l同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。; \$ ~/ @# \! |- {- |
3 O$ |4 k( `0 K: J
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
7 Q3 a" L" e6 W0 p  I6 X
1 l2 c6 ]: c' `1 T对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;$ j! J, o. e0 v7 y/ g$ p. C  g
+ Z% ?0 X& ^! Z+ [- F+ n
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;4 ~" \. \& ?# l8 f
7 N& Q( Z5 J# w$ x
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;3 E' `( ^- S2 E1 [( ~% `
; C3 N# m8 ^" e: Z
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
0 f3 r8 s- {# X
$ i, w3 v. p* ^# J! e至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:+ H, G  C) \2 x3 C% E+ V) j; |
4 g: u& x4 a4 _& c' N9 o
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。9 }4 o; w9 p7 Z6 C# R+ @

5 z" x( q* T' |! C. H8 v有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。, q! L- b) X" g( X0 Q+ n& x

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2025-12-2 11:27 , Processed in 0.047365 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表