AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
跨境债务催收/风险代理DataImpulse⚡️纯净住宅代理仅 $1FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户广告位出租
8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 5847|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 . h8 ]6 O3 m- L7 S7 n: R6 N" q

8 I: O. i! i+ R, Q, r. P) l  V转帖" b5 A% h4 b" A4 ~9 @
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

+ c6 v5 }9 ~# P8 N5 A. g
# g5 O6 k" k- i6 r例如:
" g) V/ t; k* n% B2 Q
8 q; ^7 H& L- W) ^+ V1 y! oMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
% y- o# o" z" u8 _# e1 u0 Y. g1 V
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)9 q* {" d8 y) v) p! H

$ y1 }) F2 C( s) G; H+ I8 t, lThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
, L. x! @* f5 I* r7 p& F# S! F5 |5 M- e- P0 v0 b+ }% p
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
* z2 e9 u0 j6 T* [2 i
" ^4 ?4 I; n3 Z' U* S5 z1 M) c6 uI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
3 f7 S) q# O1 J
0 H; s& u, H" Y$ [% `( sMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor). l0 u0 A) C- @

* Z  X2 o! w4 o# a, H* GWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)# B& \4 g  h1 I. k8 _0 V7 S

) ]7 i6 C' ?1 BThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词): l8 O7 |: z( j
- Z7 W, ?6 B3 c2 W# m4 O/ n
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
1 L1 I2 W0 {0 ?; n) R" j; C
* o8 d) p, [* Q  ]: K- C9 F( k; SPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)$ ?3 g8 [* s$ p& S6 e: {1 f$ ^

  ~* D6 C, Q  E4 y这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
: @9 n$ _! P  B3 v" [0 B+ t
  R1 A' ]9 k$ e* _! Y, U& n' ?9 b* {, g! I/ u: T% C4 `
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
! X# m0 y# R. F
. G  W1 W% J% a  s例如:8 D& H; J) f& X1 E5 G
) J7 i8 e+ i8 C- K
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
+ K6 v# d# b; s2 ^9 _
4 F5 ]+ D! E+ d, c: }* N( \8 J' rDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
& ?, n. g1 q6 n" Y* i* s, p% L/ d- T0 M1 E! ~) V
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
  M1 L1 `. A2 N+ W" L% z. i/ P5 C# m$ R: n  `# a
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)9 N/ M+ v  Q, V1 m5 Y

4 c. U- A  y+ \' y0 [+ F/ WIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
, W8 }7 y' n, j0 b
1 J7 T+ J$ t7 T& u- D( QShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer): v$ |/ u4 U+ ~* y
7 b' D1 c# j9 }# M
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
, @& u: f; K1 @: k6 V, Y8 K! T2 `! }& [
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:: n4 J1 y$ e: Q1 U& o. H! X- k
1 w: W* Z! b# N! t; [5 ?
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)2 z8 J! v6 p. i- y8 s" r

3 N" |' D9 O3 M( {$ F* bThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)0 r0 O2 w9 m) H9 H7 I  m4 e* e

" M/ Z( w9 u: \He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
( K# k, R* u4 F0 ]  e9 K, u+ V0 f" Y$ X' v" ]/ o% X
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
3 W6 Z6 G* b8 r3 `1 Q9 N  w: ]
3 C+ g9 y3 _+ S. j- v* i, QWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)" e- _( B) ?7 U
/ g  \+ N* O# l
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)+ e$ Q( g( R5 b) R
8 ]+ p+ w' C- H+ T! Z
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
5 m; x( M0 b3 s6 G! p; q5 B7 V
6 c7 X, E. ^8 l9 |此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
9 d3 [, ]4 Q8 Y& o' X  }6 Z" p0 \& V8 _

: M& R) I0 ?5 D( Z3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」7 }9 i8 y/ d2 C% ]3 E; a
2 H. z  d- I8 f- }7 r, S- ]
例如:% }% \" t! P" y

0 [7 m- L4 Y( Y. yMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)1 n; I. B3 c/ H/ c% d/ D
4 q: o/ y/ T) U( n
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
  P1 z+ P$ j& |, N  t2 C# t5 V  z3 d4 p' ^
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
: L% ~- }5 E; J! z7 h
& L' G3 {1 \7 N6 kHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
9 V9 ?1 }1 d/ r- V; Y# Q' O. A8 ~4 P& ]# c; o2 G" N* R) M2 R$ U
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
+ j" x* L  h/ [
: K' M, i' {, q- t4 y4 rPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)/ m+ ^! F) W4 c: ~+ `

* j, o; Z' P7 S* C% CCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
: z3 Y  }: p  t! c8 @4 j9 v4 }2 z
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
# T+ N' a6 a' C3 R8 v6 l( r! C. X+ O% V: u! }& Q' ^& e
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。" z+ l( k* w" z8 q: u
, V, d6 M( x, F0 J% k3 K
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
" c2 s# v3 h( S2 n6 M. _: q
3 `5 W4 E, T1 K) b对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
0 K0 c( a" B8 E5 l& U3 e( M
9 u6 k- Q$ i  A( D对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;4 r+ y: B2 b) `, e% L) \1 A

; h( w  M, x5 z. x5 B: r# T7 G对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
! W# n7 {3 x3 N# D- t0 D# ]) T) L( ]  @5 j
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
* \! f7 J% F, U; I  V1 `' k
7 l/ m4 h+ Y) w5 d0 d# u" ]至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:7 |; _8 F  q6 \
3 }2 s2 {3 k# u' U
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。/ x2 [" P# H' h4 z- Q# Q. X
5 j1 N7 K" L5 j8 b' K/ d. l
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。  V) v: Z% A3 l! o$ ~5 t1 W

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-4-17 16:02 , Processed in 0.046895 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表