AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化E.PN 虚拟卡FB BM不限额,短id账单户BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户
海外CL企业户源头FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量高质量代理⚡️住宅⚡️移动
原生住宅⚡️双isp⚡️适合跨境电商TK白名单老户|兼职广告可投Miluproxy⚡️全球住宅IP代理Top 3联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇
⚡比特指纹浏览器+云手机, 4.5折起广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构
查看: 5053|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
HuiTong虚拟卡
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 ) n' q, K4 Q7 k! c) E8 I) H, p

; P" \! m' L1 Y! }0 D) `( L5 \: C% m转帖
& @# V/ S# W& S& J/ y7 e1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

( M; v0 y- K; L# e$ t& A
0 S  ]5 r1 A% G( |* W例如:: v8 A( _" K: Y2 d
& A: H8 E9 ]/ W, m
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
+ n, n" G  {) ^% `- [1 D7 p5 R5 Y1 O7 w6 `
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)& l0 A/ T! v3 ~8 A! T! k

3 S' J9 j+ Q) q. j3 t8 iThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)5 t# c0 w4 l* {7 ^
, A4 S6 i5 O. M( A6 u# Y  W
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
4 c3 z. j1 A1 H# {1 o$ X( y1 c  R" K9 [% ^9 l) t$ d2 ?6 h
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)6 ]! ~, o* k. c' R
; W1 {0 p2 e/ z. i
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
4 x0 s% m# g' y: L
3 G# a, @+ P0 x) f+ RWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
0 ]0 @& S2 Z6 Z7 ~4 K
$ P% I/ g) y: i; W- d% ZThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
$ q5 \) D! E% m% o$ O8 H3 {# p- K  o1 `
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
" X3 o/ L8 N2 d* L) v3 Q5 c1 x  t+ F5 t- R
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
) T+ [/ Z* v( |
) v4 u6 A! I% {5 n4 V# Q; A7 s这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
& B9 z4 l$ x# m* c( D
8 X6 c, A7 i( J1 K9 P( }
1 p( X; L3 Q( M1 ^0 F6 @2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。! K" I" L# u' G. w- v6 C

  R" c% _* a% {) P* q  r6 S, a例如:8 e6 F0 s2 F- O3 t9 q! ~

$ i; |! K; d4 ^At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)6 w3 M6 E6 P2 K% ^2 F

+ `, A$ p7 e& O. d+ @- hDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
* D; k' C9 g# o0 G" b3 x) ?- p+ A1 e. S7 B# S1 |
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
& L9 t9 t' c& Z& h# J8 |) S3 }% u
1 O4 Z+ C( }, q  B  R( N7 r) KHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)* v5 a# \5 J0 O6 Q0 d
* l) N$ H  Y6 A+ z
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)8 G: w/ w3 v. G" Y$ v' w8 T* W" \

, P+ X, E1 A# s7 pShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
, Y% u3 R* m( v: }% _% C/ l& x( b! G0 |$ d
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)2 `0 W6 D% i) Z  T

. U! _& t/ _4 r& X* n如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
* J. A- ]5 o) v% |7 f
2 ^$ @4 f1 c  o: F! A& kThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)$ u1 ?7 [$ E3 r  E

& @' `9 K8 y8 H* I5 i, D8 d+ u% R& FThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
: F" o3 w: B) }; @+ I6 b4 t! w" r& d$ Y" `$ U$ g0 b0 {& |+ h
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
0 H* N2 S" F* [- ^- ~  ^
% I+ s+ m; B6 _+ f( ~; ?; K7 {% {4 }He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)! s3 y  \+ I" C) |' B+ _

" I  p& Z% T' C! U/ `$ iWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
8 s) E+ R' W- C( S  e
; o) h. }$ o4 \Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)3 ]6 O- ]8 r6 c0 U

# z2 b) U' @* }2 j' U! ]写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)5 a( S; v* c4 s  P, m+ m) q
! E* h. F' z& {8 X0 e; h( _) O
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。( K! a* x+ l! w  G
% b- u. N+ Y: f
4 O7 t. W' k# p- V2 p7 U0 W
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」  C3 _$ a' i* t5 U! f- p

$ Z& `$ n5 x( ^例如:4 U0 J# G; h) _2 D9 l
& A6 P, h1 D- a9 e4 `% z
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)1 ~/ u7 E, x% w3 j

) M+ j0 ^* n$ \. Q, |Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
' @9 k: q9 I, y( w+ a# @
8 U: @9 F/ K' |$ f7 o2 {3 }1 cThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
) [* P; m3 [/ U
7 H- x6 E; y  ?: i& R9 C" r+ m4 @He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。); g  q/ e" S) @! r5 p7 r! E2 |
. Y# A- x. H- x8 I# r
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
( r3 D: `3 c9 J$ W
# l( b0 ^- c  lPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
. I2 |7 p  h, P4 J/ x! p
: Q9 `: j0 R6 P7 FCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)4 ]: w( i/ Z* `$ I/ M
. w: T3 P+ T# l/ _6 l  F
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。), [* |7 o! E( \. t
& Z6 E2 x, d/ U
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。' g9 m# X) y7 q  o/ ]
* \6 o% O, f) q
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:1 ^3 X: H6 S# O- o$ Y* h5 b' Y
" |5 r+ Z% Y# C
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;" z: R  Q' a) j) h. o0 x+ X- p
+ ^% e. E* E* Q/ x) i! P- f- c
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
$ c( m' L) d% }6 P% r/ g" T4 y4 A, t; t$ M% [# v
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;6 M. Y% @, `8 q, Y/ e) J$ Z
9 D+ z. r' p: Y; \) _
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;: s. C+ ?1 \4 @3 D
& W# j2 o: ~1 b9 s8 c5 g; d2 l
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
# ^* `* ~4 K8 K# Y
( d2 k/ [; k7 T' i7 Q还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。$ o$ v9 F1 E/ j/ u/ A6 Q% {
3 p/ w: R) D3 \7 a9 p
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。, w$ Y/ ?+ z0 Y  f3 [; l

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2025-11-25 16:53 , Processed in 0.045895 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表