找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户源头9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip
广告位出租虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 7073|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Binom_AdvertCN
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 - R$ l+ p1 Z7 L$ K

: o/ Y6 U& j! ]' d转帖
; T2 x4 R$ b4 K& Y' V+ H2 f1 c1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
' g4 H. r( c& U  _4 ^4 `
( O" V0 z3 K- b9 b8 j3 K
例如:
+ ~& F& Q0 m, y' Q% M& P* h3 y  S+ O
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)# i+ @8 p9 p+ R& d; H) |

+ N, \# `/ {0 A1 a4 ?, WThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)) N% D7 L: C$ w0 v0 s

9 e1 e6 M) Q: e5 W: X! xThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)  m1 ]! m2 e$ S
+ A4 h# |+ c: r' A+ g
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)7 [; H  h( Q+ A+ S" U0 E! S5 \6 \

$ b  p) `8 a) ?/ a$ kI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
+ Z8 G9 W: \# l% ~. x$ K% f, ^
' r) |) g8 w  D0 d. ?Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)3 D# i( s# x, x7 q) Z' n7 c

8 |( f5 |- c$ H; m$ o& \We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
+ y! O/ L$ Y2 C# w( W2 U6 [/ d4 c4 I. O+ d
" h! p) M7 \5 G4 k6 n' zThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)' Y. d, d3 D# L7 |  ^% ?

( S8 _" n$ E1 M  x( l; PWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)/ u: O3 O; J. v# @) i  w( [5 H
- t$ N+ s# B) t2 b1 [  ^
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
2 Y+ Y3 T7 M6 m
& S- j4 U, m$ _4 @8 G" N/ d4 d这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!7 ^% h% W2 L5 _

: U. L4 X" P' ~0 X
# ]" ~( H9 p$ g9 [2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。' Y; l/ B1 v) j7 b

+ y2 U0 w, k: q6 {; z$ Z# U例如:
7 P5 K4 c3 O  K$ X& _
; @% m6 F( q2 |' I! O4 @3 Q- y+ X) mAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
. I" l4 ^  Y" k$ h/ Y
5 A+ c$ m. m. `( G5 UDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though), J+ O6 q; A1 {2 w+ h, n1 w
% z  {; i) L5 c. s: c) G
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
# W' C0 i( |; Z
2 t6 A7 C& i9 }He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)  A# m% d  t' _
2 `+ B8 G. P. p5 d
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
; G8 X2 q1 m8 V2 G
1 ~) ^8 c. B; Z8 e( tShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
6 t" s3 S$ @1 r6 {5 C2 J# |! \9 N" k8 }
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
3 ^7 X7 n( m% W# P/ B+ r  ~6 y0 `( F9 X) ^
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:1 ~, ]8 ]4 i" o
0 Q. ]% j3 o. Y
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)2 H( T! k- p  _" M

* w+ Q+ H, S9 b0 }% QThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.): I2 v) F2 c; h+ ]

9 B6 V  \. C* tHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)  W! C1 j$ s, |. |3 ~
7 O. Y/ @/ H3 S; ~7 j# ?$ D+ M! @7 q
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)% r) T  @& E- M0 ^* m# @3 g! d" c

2 n5 h' p9 W* A  m# |0 k* o- L2 nWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
* w  K3 w7 j" O1 S
, h: d# ~# E# a8 m; l- m9 `' yEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)+ O$ z) s+ ?1 T; C, l2 S. W9 L
! p) W! ?. I9 z" V% z2 |
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)& X5 X9 Z0 d: R; G3 i
9 {$ c  Q& |7 ?8 Y  q0 F
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。) E/ A$ N  {1 p

9 y+ t* Y  E7 S5 p4 f: ?( E' P9 y3 u( i
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
* E0 H$ [3 o% n1 t% w' \0 W# T3 ]" X- j1 ]: G2 p( Z
例如:
- ~7 ^2 T6 Z: b. n; g$ E, ]! q" f* x! e- e0 n
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)0 [  M" W$ i9 R1 z6 G3 ~4 v

: M# \- A' m1 [- H! `, u- J) R/ KManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
5 `+ d$ ?" ^4 R. F* ^6 g7 z
% n$ }, e: N2 b# T8 LThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了): P. W$ C8 i' z6 ]8 i

$ M! c' ]$ e' f3 n2 ~) L/ q* T0 HHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。): L" B5 I% \0 W2 ]9 ]
' O- Q6 F) r' J7 Z
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)2 u, p& n1 R/ D

; z: s) l) y7 g: @& [Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)3 t1 f6 n8 q' L4 `- c
5 ?  t) [/ c* m
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
. c4 s. a5 q- g! Y! K2 \9 M2 e
0 G8 }8 l* s' u' z$ _Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)* {: }8 ?3 t2 z' e0 v9 [" q! T

, ^3 \0 p) Y& `3 X同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。) g  [# K9 h) F" z+ o

3 r* Z  R! C' O, Z8 j* A# U当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
; x+ {% `8 H: U: E! }& c$ a% Z, i6 h& N
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
- m% U# ~# ^. M: `  ^* j4 I+ ]* y$ s5 Z8 D4 @+ [
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
* e) `# }) {9 \# S' t
4 v, O" k5 L' T2 D- A" ]% E对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
5 `% C$ l8 ^! ^4 z& W- G
7 d* R; [) k) U1 ^对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;& \: S6 r! ^2 n

/ }  k8 I, R: Q' c至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
+ ?+ ?# Y) d( n  `2 W7 J5 L0 L" N2 d  _/ o2 Y
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
' r8 p) M9 K2 l. p* m+ ]
, ]& B, u: U% A3 G有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。, R" x( [9 t# J; P5 h) b$ d/ \

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-9-21 17:01 , Processed in 0.070087 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表