AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
FB BM不限额,短id账单户E.PN 虚拟卡BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户海外CL企业户源头
FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量高质量代理⚡️住宅⚡️移动原生住宅⚡️双isp⚡️适合跨境电商
TK白名单老户|兼职广告可投Miluproxy⚡️全球住宅IP代理Top 3联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇广告位出租
8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 5023|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
8 P) W1 w, e% F/ L6 e" F) P- p  i0 d/ L3 K" }/ z
转帖0 M- m: P; |1 \$ g" W
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
) A( F& |0 W. ~0 {' N- |

0 Q, m5 B- B' u+ X例如:
9 G& A8 I! P8 T
( y8 B6 }% |8 [% m# TMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
/ f3 h2 l/ V1 y: G5 P4 [; r
* j* A4 w& L% C7 F7 S3 OThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
  M' y# b, {) R. G) k
0 A4 ~) x. d( Y* v' P- ^This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
# I  |4 [0 N/ x% u# a( e2 [
, w7 _! q" b1 H+ `# y3 p7 aThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
  G% @1 ?' |1 E( f2 I) ^
* L# R: U5 m& M' j+ KI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
& y& S7 R! I" t3 o) x3 Y- o, V; [$ p; l6 I$ G
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
% n) [& a! T* @1 O6 X) O9 A3 I* v* u7 Z0 {
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
$ E- T( y' h. K2 [
3 U- S! ]& H9 Y1 F& H( |1 jThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)+ a) S1 z7 R, }. {
5 Q/ y. J  `, [! u2 f
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
+ F: c4 [# D6 M, {+ o5 W+ M+ V; U  D
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)1 j7 A$ q4 H: S8 W

5 ?% K3 ~) S# s这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!/ J. p% a$ V8 S8 }

0 d) N; ?4 t: |6 @2 r- G4 n
3 P6 n- V  L, W9 u1 `1 U5 L2 h: q2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。1 c2 @4 X* Y: d8 E! {

9 K- S/ V" {) u例如:
' }, F1 f% ?1 q7 E
8 j, }( d' ^+ N! G* V  GAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
. C" I+ t5 F" t% N# e8 ~2 y
* W( o% t3 E" M, sDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
8 c' n9 a$ u8 Z, \9 \& b% i! {  J; I: T; i* m$ z6 \
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)- [: _. W0 y2 g$ r& I

. w" u: S7 H3 B. wHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
2 e3 G2 L! h* ~. o  q) ^0 I9 X. X
4 A8 T! Z9 G' i/ W9 T  p& pIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)- W7 I9 d" X  ?5 ]' f* U2 p8 Z

2 E' P2 I5 R! {6 h9 G, }  JShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer). |/ C3 |- p+ ^9 ~1 m
/ D2 Z4 z6 h5 a" w
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)- G) j5 V# \# T. E% s/ I

7 ~+ A* U, O! s; T; i如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:$ E- a- x7 Z7 ]- m- [
  n3 G" n# ]0 q+ v& P0 [4 T% a# ~
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)3 M8 S7 a2 I, Z5 b( ^" ^' S) R7 g

, e2 S% a2 }: l* I' T) K+ ]1 QThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
0 u6 p- [) O4 @8 |  e& Z; f. _$ ?+ t
( B0 h8 @6 a& m$ o1 CHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
! B6 `4 Y& I; ?$ M' V4 p* N$ R. V" }& @3 z/ c! R
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
2 [2 [+ F$ V* A# p! I& j+ q+ _
4 g8 Q! F2 r/ p1 [' W+ tWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
+ d$ n* O& |% K* [/ y7 q6 t! T" r1 n! y  R. [5 Z1 ~
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)3 r6 q6 s/ f4 \' c7 W
" ^  u8 b4 x  ~6 ?+ g
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)! a  K% z6 i1 N9 j- Q; B( d% x9 R1 ~0 P
1 T# c" U+ I( {8 t/ _* |; ?4 D
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。8 k7 W2 T# K; M; ~, x. d

5 b8 r. b4 H1 t* ?* e! |% d+ `4 B8 Q3 r8 G  ?5 m) M- z; r5 S
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
7 }7 T1 ]. ~! ?  y% \
' P( i0 D# y1 N3 w% b+ K  z例如:# Y% W4 ~& r4 R! e- s4 o" }4 z

' e! W+ b# C6 M2 N+ O  o: v& l& }Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
2 {1 H' F9 c/ s: W& S' q2 K/ K: x, Y
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
8 _* B8 H! i4 F' F7 j/ Y. b% e
+ m& p; ^; U+ ?; w$ q4 fThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
& I; Q5 j! W% P- K' V( n) Q- H- d- S) @! s$ }6 D2 J
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)5 m. [% E6 A* T& V* r" N5 e

8 `; G$ r+ E' L( S  _) x0 TMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
/ J0 r+ ]" a% u+ ^- b: x
) F( ~  I6 I: I6 R, k- u" @Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
, z( {0 F5 b9 H+ U' F
7 b1 t) ^0 }/ {0 O( }: l3 MCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)5 ~9 ~6 Z8 E* J  q( k, u
# a$ T2 ]4 {3 ]6 Z! `4 O9 T
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)& S( D7 S7 p4 V6 T, m6 f7 W* t
, L7 e9 F* R# p8 a  e
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
& @1 P8 k6 D: f) v3 ~5 ~3 L$ R+ D3 _/ V. e2 Q
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
: A% r8 G6 f: q9 Y/ t
# v7 [0 j$ V8 b. e! @) P对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
; T- F4 C! W6 o: F2 r( e. P- e8 S1 `$ R8 q- [, z1 ?; O9 F( n2 k% M5 n
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
/ T4 b( |8 {/ y$ n9 P, A
5 a3 f2 d* M+ }% C- B对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
1 O- B1 h5 e0 V; }/ E
* {- \. \1 q: A: }对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;3 N) N3 @" H" v5 I+ D2 |
/ [: e( o4 S$ T+ T0 t  f
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
' Y; {1 M7 Z0 x! |" [
  s9 o) [: F$ l" Z) G  K! k还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。0 @, n0 l- E4 E0 b8 b

! e4 R0 d' b% n+ w3 P* _有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
5 ~( q  V* u9 O% ?

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2025-11-19 03:28 , Processed in 0.045650 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表