AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
高品质·稳定高速纯净IP FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️跨境债务催收/风险代理高权重Google老户[卖户+筛户等级] 海外斗篷・智能广告过审率高达 99%
DataImpulse⚡️纯净住宅代理仅 $1广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构
查看: 5738|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 - t* Y- x' w$ r9 ?6 e7 _

, ?) U7 p. _$ V) t  A. c+ K转帖  a5 K2 b3 L- z$ F9 I
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

# ^9 |# t/ t, M" j, l% l2 D& |) |! Y& o$ [
例如:
. h. Q- n0 ?$ Y
: Q( R9 v# W0 r9 p' E; Q. N0 hMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
' |4 G& _" f7 a0 m  c% ~7 ]* @6 w* h/ ?% W1 E
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)+ R0 }4 s6 E  Y$ l# W, o# [

# f! f- y0 C8 O9 I4 ^This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)4 x; l# \5 R3 e* E
6 m/ D+ A! \/ X! [' Y$ |
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)( h$ o8 I8 q" L) G3 d5 L
4 x" `% A/ F5 ~1 q+ R6 ]# ?
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)$ R+ R$ t$ a7 V8 W3 z
6 E" ?: \+ G; }8 b1 d. U
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)# r, K9 u# g) q( d5 u; R

% R$ @- n( s0 P4 F! T/ cWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
, f/ c' i+ Z1 N9 _# n! t* g
! }6 l8 x. _8 q0 zThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)! Z+ l! [8 u" r; X
. L, j) @; Y2 X1 v  T
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
2 c: @( z! w0 H* U8 N* U0 g% |! Z% ~( z9 h
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)- y1 ^1 C+ W/ a8 U% l/ ?2 I* F% \, J3 D
- R3 n  z% j0 A2 x2 Q% r7 \
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
4 _; X% i2 R  J- U  p: S/ l  |, ^
* F( `& m0 ?8 q# ?* F/ B
3 W) T. f- W! _7 ?2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
2 m% [7 Z; q3 N( b6 T6 v9 e8 @3 _# o
5 G, a) {+ g) I. j9 n, O/ a1 h: K例如:3 v. x$ s) h4 R+ P7 K2 d

% k* o# @) r/ x0 [0 HAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
/ f8 a8 N5 `6 [' g: G8 m; H$ x
) T  `4 Q5 g, z  l* k+ u) a9 bDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
. g+ Q6 [7 i* i) ^  @+ D  k( I
( z8 o2 o5 C, r2 X* ^I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
3 s  T% O, Z0 N. @% u3 v4 P" ^. y- I+ F: M, ^
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because): Q- z. C  F5 m: \

  W3 c% h* }2 f0 j$ sIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
* J4 ]6 Z# e9 K6 k" S, f  J0 e0 \+ q+ b. d7 @) D) w9 J8 y$ G9 C5 O
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
" t3 b1 _" ]& ]5 n, c, c' S- z5 F3 n: n
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)" W/ e* N' p4 M5 v- }
* z4 x2 j* Z, r: U# s5 J
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
% A2 [: [6 g0 F! s% N
$ @. }- o) e$ K3 k1 X! IThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
8 X! J  N; \! w' ]3 B1 T0 V3 a  a+ h" e, \0 d4 N+ ^2 q2 L/ z( G/ {
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)) N0 p; R, F. @
2 R; S$ L1 M7 u4 R+ y" \+ X
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)4 v* Q4 c2 q; S' a% A
! w0 Y1 A0 N, K1 ?" \
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
( b" c3 h; |9 Q, y! n+ c
, r/ s6 F3 ~8 n! nWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)  k- L! ?/ i3 e
# _" P) T  h# L
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
, `. |6 V2 Q" B/ c( J4 ?, K4 D7 n+ ^! O( p% `: G5 K
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)! S7 _1 G/ K. R5 |9 Y

: ~( b, v- _( _- S- R% Y. R2 @此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
' F: @# S1 x, A7 d' i  c1 j4 J) k8 t% Y

  r$ g- c  p2 ]; I+ S- P3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」" A0 k/ u$ l8 o6 {. V) R5 l

9 K0 X" A3 w/ n8 ~8 h$ h例如:* o0 F& k) ]4 y9 R4 N( r

- ^) ^& b4 e- s- FMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
+ E: ]# b5 E: I8 E7 R  t$ g- c* D& b; R$ d# |! Q( }5 _
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
) f0 M* X- d$ I  _
5 W3 B) G8 a5 Y8 U, EThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
; k3 R% i1 i. \0 [' b! l" i  R5 \
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
/ q. D2 D7 i8 P: U$ r, U2 Y3 F9 r3 G  K: u& k5 S
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
& @7 \# U1 d# E7 I
, {' T3 L. I) k2 C: B. qPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)1 Z" O$ ]& q/ O) z* ^
, q  x+ w. W' P, h# H" L, }) I
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)5 W- Z$ q) |' v/ g/ u, Q" x

/ u1 L  q* p, g2 h* M9 o4 VStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
/ ]6 q! e: k2 \  f# T0 e7 q0 Y" W
8 {: b2 f( j" T. H  `& ~( L同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。5 e2 C( J$ v3 C' g
! Z* X# r3 @4 w( y% j
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
! Z6 `, n1 e  m8 C" L  Y
% t' A; H8 U3 t: Y1 ^对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
2 ?. v1 Z/ G  P% N) w+ o# d- H  \
- c8 _( g2 m" d0 z# s5 C* G对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
' C% w/ C9 D' z7 Y  _$ W8 M
. d5 Y- J( |+ m! |! m$ l对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
1 d1 c, y/ Z7 H2 j% w# h! L4 z3 Q: t+ b# i1 N2 ~2 t' F8 K+ h
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
  z5 Z8 q7 B4 l: I1 j5 E& @
) Z8 a8 ]9 b5 `9 N! V至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
* C! r. j+ i: s: C+ p7 c) Z# a& s. G' w
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
  w$ d5 P  R8 v) M) M$ O3 \! Q+ l+ y8 i" h5 n, s* ^
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
* d& q" ^* J& w  G8 c: K9 D0 q

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-3-31 02:13 , Processed in 0.047257 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表