找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPTK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户海外CL企业户源头
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️比特浏览器+云手机 |防关联防封号Facebook截流, 1 次点击 2 次曝光
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 6604|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Deepclick
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
, F2 k% [. y0 i( D6 u9 D% o! j+ h' n: t) z: ~* [4 M: k  k
转帖: M" [, E) p3 ^5 b) I
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
$ J, O4 R  H- v& n6 I

) w+ ~( J6 N& P' x( n. C- F; c例如:0 m+ w% U/ p4 n
0 y$ o- p/ D" e! N
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)3 O. \( S7 Z' F! {  G! }

' S: n, b- I5 ]7 TThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
1 N; r) ^: n/ p9 j  Q" K8 y; ?( H# R. j: ]8 @
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)$ F8 a) s8 [! X$ r+ [3 @

& n- F* ?+ ?! ?# x  @5 B* `The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)/ h% f. U8 l. m. _3 g2 J# }

. f* U' c$ o, ^- D! |9 }I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
  l" V1 M; A1 q6 B1 m5 A) `8 j/ j( v; z0 u" c, ^
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)' ], N  `9 r' _2 q2 w
, }+ z+ m8 H3 M
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)9 q: I; J4 a3 Z. }) Q: I* B6 k
( q6 I3 V# B, O8 G: k: j
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词). H! @% C# S, D% E

' G) r% T# X+ L$ g' w& W& z% h2 q3 x5 MWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)% p# U/ S% d) s1 q1 B* m
' f4 }* }" @( J6 b" R* ]$ v
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
! X; l4 @$ u: E) Q' H' R8 z
0 v0 j0 Z. B5 `6 m: a这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!8 r" N8 k7 s2 q
& Z) l  i! J2 n

: N! U. {  M  j# y& d9 }* [2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
; {. W/ u4 y6 z6 \8 U# P( H5 r) }2 T' d9 ~3 S0 ~
例如:: A  s, D. I; ^9 ~; f0 p) r$ j6 V

2 b' v: A( e( kAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)! ^- P( |4 D. v! a- H: s

: v& Y$ l  }8 i: xDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)3 S# u4 a: k+ |7 w

- a5 {( \$ `1 U2 ~* e3 ?+ v5 ]' PI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
% Z% X' @4 {, G( T
9 M" U9 G4 v6 \6 S) R& v) ~, i# OHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)# K7 d; Z' W. M' b: o" U2 R' a  u# H& Z
4 S4 Y2 p5 _6 S2 ~4 L
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
) T# |  r; K0 u/ [
' A# R% g0 I* c4 z9 NShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)+ ?: ~$ M/ K. f# ]  ?7 J/ b5 V: C

7 {6 |) E7 s/ kI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)! K" u/ `% y3 I* L/ Z/ K
) \' W) y+ c; w+ Q3 A: s1 {
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:7 B1 [$ f5 {3 ]5 t/ {( [% N& a
+ J, V! X* p/ [; c! S
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。). f7 W/ l8 W7 j. r- b+ ^' d6 K/ ]

+ v2 Q& [8 T; `6 EThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
3 S0 n7 \+ Y9 T$ i, G9 ^* ?$ L2 F. I+ Y: `- Q# x. w0 ^, D
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
6 @) E& S% ~" Q( g/ w9 x
5 f9 q7 n; l/ G3 Z4 \' |1 F* G# vHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
$ Z$ I! L. w9 J" l2 H
% @) Z+ O7 ]) T( d, {6 l# e" z: X& [We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)" R& P, m" Y' `
: K2 b( h$ S, K$ ]$ d
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
) Z$ z0 J+ e. @9 h! g( b. b& I1 m1 t2 z6 I/ d" A3 g
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
# h/ c! @: O5 ^; Q! v, l7 E6 w- R1 A. K
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
2 R. ?5 d0 V5 H; e! i' Y$ N- ^% ?

# H2 P" J" g" w& i/ e3 C3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」4 p3 t; L$ ^: H) N6 W

4 e3 l. E; g" e" w5 d例如:: v( \- K% ~* _& u# G3 |5 D
; ?! D4 _5 ?. |  {4 X- s* o$ ~' y
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
: I3 }* L! i$ R% U4 A/ X9 T
7 o9 }5 O; D, h2 C: ^1 c3 }% cManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources). u) z! M5 ?/ \* v1 s% }0 D' x

3 ?6 v+ A# I$ @! nThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
; ?" b4 G1 p! x3 }# v3 L3 G4 i3 c" i9 d0 W
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)( M7 d0 |' Z* ]  p* k
1 k& {: ^/ J) C
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)3 R# H; D, ^9 W4 b7 W  g

/ b! q6 g( D( f0 p$ e9 }/ sPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
5 }$ s0 S) m, R" e
3 q( D$ z% n+ F) e8 b8 qCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives): s: t1 s/ G2 \+ x- z9 I
' m. e. q; D: ]% s4 z7 Q+ B4 y
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
# U1 ?& S* T% A; D1 [4 g3 z! L8 [6 [- l; g$ U7 D* y4 D& e- r; D
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。' d* S0 e0 C- G5 h2 f2 ?
: W$ Y% s$ M* j* ?0 o
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:6 m% L% @* Y/ ~" L+ h. _
% S+ ?& c. R' ]5 Q9 p
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
, x: M8 c9 n( q: B' Y
* A; }; ^& ~0 o6 o* V' g, j. ?对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;  C/ W/ |; Q4 U

* l; s: u) x9 ^; E9 o  ]/ G1 \对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;' Q, @* }- q9 E5 O% H' I; j9 u" o

, Z& T8 ~" A  `对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
, z! n4 @' ?/ C  t/ L. T' Z* d$ q- J( p. {  w: B$ g
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:- i! N! @. a0 L/ h0 S% C

, y6 M5 A( _" O5 F& D还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
. T# O9 }) ^3 W' a/ t
8 O  f/ l. F6 R: H% G1 }有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。# M' T' R4 |- B: S" \

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-7-24 09:16 , Processed in 0.058961 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表