找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️比特浏览器+云手机 |防关联防封号
Facebook截流, 1 次点击 2 次曝光✔Taboola海外户广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6673|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Deepclick
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 " ~; S# K- r' ~" o/ V

- u- P" H$ n7 Y' g9 s转帖) D: }, Z0 T$ B7 b
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
+ [3 a" ~  F7 t  Q) w6 Y
2 U" a1 V' y2 i0 `; r
例如:6 K  ~5 y' I8 k: {

6 y. Z& d5 `4 S/ N: L0 x7 d+ LMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)/ Q+ w' w; k0 ~! C' v% u1 e

9 ]/ Z6 @; w; z# p: e, hThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
$ J; g! b2 Y" m1 B  v* t1 g1 _! x% |) J4 m- `
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)( R" T1 b6 M# `" G4 n7 Q
  P. b4 ~) m. r- i2 [# K
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
4 U; w& b# V" e6 E1 E  h4 g2 O/ e1 E1 j+ N  d' z% M
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)3 L- a; Y7 z) x% e- r8 y
( P; R% ^* W1 }; U
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)- c7 S3 Q3 O  [' ?
  E; `  e2 P+ I5 A
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)% z6 d# W9 m/ d4 X# V5 ^
4 I4 U/ _: \9 b  [! B
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)  X9 M  W8 V  o/ R
1 C& O/ E& H3 R6 Q9 V: {6 W1 P
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
  Q, O; F% c& j% r* J$ D
6 u' z9 u& b* w2 \9 g. WPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)% c0 Y3 `+ z. `( V3 ~0 z- c% N

) `' R/ K  a1 k. L* L这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!( O& h& Y# @: X& H

' s) U+ |* q6 P! Z
* k+ F" `6 O) S4 F; @2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。, L* K6 W5 H, z; }

6 o' b6 v3 ?* y/ V8 G1 ?/ G例如:/ B* _. g; a/ A8 P7 g# T9 M6 Q% M9 U

+ y- e: X9 W4 ~! K& sAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
2 W9 L& A" {1 z$ y: p+ b; Y1 a- Y7 }0 J. y8 N
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
+ ~6 w2 ]; k- o
1 U% n2 C: T& ]8 [5 V" V3 eI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)6 F" x: i- Z8 [1 [

8 s9 T& v% }, N8 N% g; J2 HHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
  Q/ R+ C% a7 p( ?; _* {0 o
: Q7 z) w) p7 nIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
0 w( C  _& b! L/ n- r. ^8 k1 [+ ~+ j& M( q8 ~* F" ~; v, D3 D
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)- W6 e- z2 L/ B

+ A8 @: Y- D. N6 o. fI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
) Z6 h: D. a/ F6 ~: t
# |/ X7 p' `0 K1 f) m8 ^如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
% i6 }# `8 V& R5 t
) Z8 d* X1 r8 S" zThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
! f) a# g: k& }  X( L4 c. u/ \9 }2 Y* F7 [  y" ^# r9 R5 `8 {# u7 |
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)1 o5 j- [3 v6 E4 c0 |% q  X) v

, \) g8 F" V: Y% IHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
, b" F6 I% H* D( h# u/ {* c9 W6 s( o) Y  ~0 j% i3 {
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
8 x: ?) E4 S% {' V* k5 V0 O4 K$ e
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)* m$ _7 u' E$ t0 i
% \, ]' [% h* h3 H, ~
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)2 z! h2 C/ J1 s; B9 Z3 {! _

& T+ a5 n; C  c3 M, N+ v写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)3 E& g8 ?# R  D0 V) g
, u7 y* e* J& O1 w8 V/ G
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
4 t" I0 T# \; w7 q& E; G+ {7 I% \
/ m3 Q8 N1 g% n$ D, M3 Z: d& a
' u6 c' n# H" Q$ t7 @6 F4 }( q3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」4 g! x- @, |* H# t
% L" Y5 F$ g/ R/ G) p. Y
例如:
. h" u# h1 y6 v' h* X2 k9 L$ Q
/ M  A& b( W1 a7 ]/ I; D' y  oMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
3 z4 `' Q) X$ n0 Z2 w# l+ y3 A- {% o3 @
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)9 {" K" j$ z8 w. r" n

6 I# I' o* `% ^9 E6 nThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
. a6 o$ i3 o) u/ }! ^- c& n/ e0 ^
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。); C& L# e5 v4 s, e% K$ Z

) B+ @8 R: H) q, r" m9 V. I* K1 I5 y/ yMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
. [) {& X4 ~" q, R5 p" z" V; o$ P9 S$ w, I
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)$ m3 S( M8 j  t7 P
! F7 P4 D  U. }5 T7 Z3 ]
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
( S7 b# G3 j5 X* T- J: a4 l. g% a
" I% i/ T& G! t9 c) E. C. IStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)7 J; g1 _( c2 d7 z! z' U# S) \

4 k2 Z' J; J& A' X6 k同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。: B- w2 D5 C& _- d7 F

1 t0 \% h6 I+ R& c1 U当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
1 d7 \$ ^" N" {: @+ h$ J. N; \$ j1 `4 s% w+ `* L2 ~
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
. P; I. P+ N; N- ^0 w/ k
  o' o& l: |! I对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;  k7 {2 K, l% M
; P# ]0 X2 I, a! B& d6 F9 T
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;) l8 c7 Q" Q2 V. T7 f  T) w' c6 v2 D
) @; ^/ m5 F2 M1 l9 a  e5 c2 V
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
1 I5 `5 L" s) q/ e4 h" Z& z. Z8 [6 Q" o. Z& P" E- G" U
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
. X/ g3 T3 a( F8 N/ M1 @$ M
- m! Z" v% r! q' X& o还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
2 z! x# q$ {9 I+ d7 ~- m$ q
- v4 Y- v# x8 ?' j% w有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
5 a- s, n5 o/ p6 _" y  @

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-8-2 06:07 , Processed in 0.061494 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表