找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5GMediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】
FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线
【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️
BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理
虚拟信用卡+独立站收款【15 年团队 - 广告自动化系统、定制开发】【ActionKey】Meta API 桥接令牌尤里改 - FB 稳定投放
【神盾 AI】Meta 广告资产防护 永久免费FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
✔Taboola海外户源头广告位出租  
查看: 7362|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Influxtec
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
8 p. I# ?6 N; t: N# `+ j6 l/ v3 g3 {# p5 J/ l# A  E: u0 K6 g
转帖7 Y2 E. P! T; K2 B# n
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

* g& E  b+ R, @2 d- ]* Q- G
' K# e& G) S- @: S& V例如:% j# v* d1 k" K! [

4 [, i7 o* X& x4 w/ v* S' |Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
: N' [: a" b. q1 r( ~, r8 i+ O
! O, y: i+ p+ T0 X. a' L- f1 _Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)  D( L: l( R" `" _6 M! U* M9 ?
$ a8 J* Q, Z3 V5 E
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)8 C2 @% Q2 j, W% i( O. Z
4 y/ O, ]: p  y7 p; [5 S' R( H1 L
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
0 ]/ r4 O2 S' x" C6 u6 b! h% i7 v; x5 w
( S& A' u. I) P6 C9 T6 |( D) zI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)% C: r4 b2 \* D$ _" V2 L+ V

6 v- y6 h# x: I0 O+ HMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)( [) v, T; }& x; ]! {0 W: O

4 n' `/ J9 N# e% ]4 C4 @* OWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)6 P& C9 m7 S" X

) {# \1 L5 s, \' U2 C+ FThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词); A* A3 L0 n$ U- F/ @- M8 c' \) n

+ X& {/ X* c9 e' C- wWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)+ P4 |4 R& @8 i, x1 p- V. ]0 U

* K- Y' U  X$ QPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)- g& S: a8 q. `

: V* {  g" x" j5 ?这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
  ?) O: ]. g+ X# N$ j# A
/ k; Q- E; {" e& W
$ w0 \; [+ U1 p2 J1 F2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。! s$ Y5 j+ |/ {& {: t3 y- o
# l: A" z/ x5 g$ P) W1 P+ e
例如:3 {; @7 A5 |+ x0 w) e* p
* H& H3 x- Z1 s, C4 [
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)" F" j! Y1 l% T. g  e% e1 ^3 f
5 m) \! B  b& z& e( p
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)6 _! y; X0 @2 Q/ T" M# W2 r( `

& ^) M: H! b" L' h' h/ S+ f" {I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)5 x" J6 j. A2 V  z& B& r

" B* k: X5 i+ v" x9 nHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)- e+ K$ z2 r9 Y( ^

8 {$ c: P* B6 E/ iIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
3 K. a, R9 u! l0 Q9 M3 t" o( J  I; @4 f1 c/ X' @
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)* f4 G% y, A7 t) e0 w, \

9 O: r' U  z' a! y$ ^I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)2 ?* f+ C6 C" L

( d2 u& w  b' d6 ]+ P! j0 U如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
+ R- t/ U; }3 p9 E, A$ R1 m/ L- \+ l9 `0 @: ^+ p/ D" P' x
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
1 l9 m5 L" [/ _3 j" ]' l! r& `, f7 a9 X
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
) o; i& c% s: H" |* s4 _8 X. K' Z
& L9 ]* J* @1 g' XHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)' x( y- b) O# k4 X5 r5 Y- e

% f3 E4 q  a: N6 k* QHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
( J, i6 P) z0 T2 _' y' _+ f, g% m6 ^! [4 a2 S; g( o
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)# J/ y1 N( R2 A+ A
1 a) D6 _  n" V6 P" Z) D7 ~
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
- L* y2 b# O9 a2 t% H. ?1 n& v3 r3 @$ s$ d5 V8 Y3 N: V3 a# I! K
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
' W) ^) ^6 \' K% @- ~" `% J+ M( Q: U- A" [* ^9 Q
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。; ?# [9 `2 k% R

. V: Y; ?! i( [) O. _7 K# s" l
- Q6 |: w; |& I% u3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」。
' M# X$ t3 R$ z: q8 [& w1 g4 Y6 P7 Z/ g1 [3 ~1 g
例如:
% _$ }3 B* {; {+ T1 j0 E
5 W% H5 j& J8 DMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)- f3 |2 |7 b! W

5 |  ], ]3 y  L& m/ q0 JManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)$ y* p& K3 z. q4 w+ p/ [. J, x  \9 i

- D' m; s& R9 d; U% `0 cThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
6 t4 g, o6 }  e! ]/ |
& p6 F0 F* w8 @9 j) \: z% W" RHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。). M/ A, E, @! z& Q# h4 L  G6 C
1 R+ }  _& |" F' E# U. |* b
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
+ X" B, C: _( t4 B  Y
1 X% \, N% @2 \, f% s, T* P0 Z* b$ [Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)+ }- {- K* e+ ^1 D! ?; z' }, }( o
9 Z2 q0 e2 h  G0 [/ E
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
% Z! t7 X! _4 N; \+ g) |; u
5 W- `5 ]* n: AStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
9 z; A$ G& A; R5 k* j. \5 V1 u7 B: i' A1 C
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。; ^' x. ?3 k7 g; O! L

' g1 H$ s$ f5 s' V4 c0 K当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:4 J: k0 p# ]- m9 J
5 A, K4 |7 m( J4 Y9 X+ e
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
1 H$ W' b- J2 j: W8 I8 B& Y8 ^" s. }) Q0 {; R
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
$ [, Y) x9 A( w# g
" C% C1 N6 X* h2 h对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
9 T4 n- }3 _9 P  l( @
( K: v/ z. _& R- F: ]对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;1 _; J: Q. w+ n, ?+ ]3 X

4 s4 Y. S3 p" u7 y至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:$ P' p7 s: F9 k5 o: n

5 m+ @6 w6 `, _还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
/ M2 P5 |1 {+ ]9 i& }& m7 b& }& t! u3 U
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。* P$ K3 h- s' ~8 w. F# Y

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-10-28 06:02 , Processed in 0.062652 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表