找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️比特浏览器+云手机 |防关联防封号
Facebook截流, 1 次点击 2 次曝光✔Taboola海外户广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6676|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Deepclick
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
7 W2 h- q* J4 d) t- |$ n4 E" L8 J
7 L4 Y' \* [$ _4 [& l' \转帖7 J: x8 D1 B- w6 m9 d; B
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

) z: v* y2 {9 N( ~2 v% \
) Y) g; C5 K' u% ~; k例如:2 h6 t' _) R! n3 ]1 Q

9 E$ s% F; O6 L9 A# gMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)! ]% U" q' C) V9 J
8 I0 n- V/ M7 j) [' ^/ Y1 Y% P  k+ ~& g
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
. F2 P1 j, _, n4 k' f, y$ O( U, i
9 R4 ^) p* u5 S% Y* C# n1 S0 TThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
/ Q2 I3 ?1 V3 i1 T; e7 Z0 @6 f3 L+ M3 v
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)7 K; _4 d, b( ]9 B" i! O8 S
/ e( Q( i: _4 {1 A/ T
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
0 r, @4 g* ~8 l/ g) ~4 w2 }
: V' o5 R: h. ~Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)' O3 M4 f# s7 g) b7 E( q* F
; W% w! h7 O4 `* W* [& P
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
) d) h& }! Y" N* B- d1 D, Q- p* H. J, G" a9 F
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)6 A6 i/ W/ y6 ]. w

8 Y4 u) [  j3 a8 E/ y  yWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
, q) n5 h  z( A2 ~/ m- [# \. p( L0 g, y1 D4 B. a' C  A, l# Q* m) R" G; \
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
% I" c/ N4 n% L( o* w4 N8 b9 U
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
2 g$ Q8 \( y! {# l  }& I8 N% g1 G" z  q$ i0 o

2 x8 D) q1 A* c+ G( C3 E1 G* R( `! g4 `2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
! T7 H: b+ V6 D( f/ `6 z/ U: D4 B# D  a/ q5 F' M
例如:
3 a. g  v* i% Z" }$ u
9 H7 V% J2 M. j0 c2 p+ zAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
6 j, f; |+ [! u. w6 r2 i9 K8 u6 c, @0 Q) ^
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though): K" T; Q( T* b( }
% ~) P; `8 g$ h* T
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think); a. l5 C& |* F: T+ b9 t+ i
9 i9 C  q% Z- y* z. ?, r( Q! @
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
6 q) f3 u/ ~9 M9 W2 h% m
; P  w/ D5 B3 ?, q9 nIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
' H3 m) X: b+ _* _% b% M9 k3 F
' n$ u, g/ s2 z; t# p: D  f  ]' x& bShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
4 f/ M. ~' p9 i: `$ \
0 C" `6 H: [# U1 m: cI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)$ B- K: L' i2 g) y$ e
# h8 \1 j4 _9 j) l$ w
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:% \" O" e1 q, v# x

4 ^9 L  {1 q# H1 gThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)1 @7 h$ N' k' w1 t2 |
; p; _. [. n- U. D9 ]6 j% e5 E
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)# y# q3 e0 ?9 U! V* k) @

: B0 C% `! J. B$ `+ iHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
2 s% F' C  z% J& p* u. R7 |" ~3 H: u% R6 Y  E: t4 C
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
# S/ e: j* d. b1 x" h! A+ R9 ~- z* ^# G' N
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)3 B: [6 d* }" e: o  C
% ^9 x- `" [+ c% I& ?8 ]8 E
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
! ~9 ]; l9 `5 W- F8 f6 D& c; A" S* f2 L6 Z! d! @4 [
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
9 B+ U: a( B, a1 _- h0 y" Y( I2 S; ~  N( X5 V# c  D
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
+ z+ n0 N% B' B& z
, u" B- `, p* Y& n
6 f) Z- L7 m( v' X* B; r3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」' a5 u; t! [. d. h- s% z5 M  t

( Q% h. m% j) L) l6 \例如:% m* B$ l6 X* {
/ Y6 l8 D- H: N% I0 w
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
2 {  t) t& i% A0 `/ z
  V% ~7 Y: y" M/ H' e$ P# sManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
5 c+ i# h2 W" h+ ~: e
7 ]  h4 ^9 n+ dThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
% a, D; V8 p; s: @& ~
( w2 A; i% B. c7 }0 G% |He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。); D1 U2 u, y# y# u$ e

* ?$ R, O. K, V. d5 G; uMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
) w  d  G' R- o/ h/ I. r3 ^! f0 ^
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)4 m/ m6 x# Q4 K$ v
& \( A0 a2 o8 \9 o+ u: i/ Q/ K+ w
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
6 G6 G6 P& I0 t: Q/ J0 M% w
+ u- c9 s% u" y& Z' R; g; i" |Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)6 }* C, r' A* P% n! E

9 a$ G" u) A" J: s% U* ]1 [同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。, u& q2 X" I/ O: {/ i: ^
3 C$ U4 N- u) J$ D6 ^: K- c
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
) k; p. O/ i* U. W& Q% ]- h
8 [% X9 @, _2 K! \3 @' L* T对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;6 f' v+ N2 C6 M
8 w  [9 u% q, u5 B) y; W; R( `7 N
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
3 w( v: B$ F# D1 y! [) V
# @& y( x7 w- m对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
# K& U- h8 A& ^- j5 I3 Y* t1 D8 s; n/ n0 Y; T! L7 o7 i
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;& [( z0 J* k, A  E
' `7 B! v# E  p# d& a  T5 n1 H0 c
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:9 B/ S/ @+ j7 m! G

8 `% E; W9 [. ?2 k. ^- N( z0 }还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
4 g1 _& k# @5 h; V
' V, P) _5 ]' A. R2 V1 v有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
  _/ h0 `, ?7 W3 V; Q9 z' S" U& H' M

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-8-2 20:22 , Processed in 0.065789 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表