AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户
海外CL企业户源头PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 5600|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
HuiTong虚拟卡
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
$ ]. [: Y" d8 Q5 \( v% p$ v5 M. u3 `" m* i
转帖- w3 N% K; N2 A3 `8 H
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

8 }: k6 W- ~/ {3 P$ Z; ^' ?
5 k! a1 W# \0 V- D: l例如:" U5 V1 A% j! K* q& o
7 B5 N' ]% Y. ^0 k1 v: S& U5 }
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
! C* B2 x0 i8 G1 K% ?( g# I4 @1 ^$ k5 B/ L3 O
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
3 e1 L7 z5 m7 Q! I0 g
9 y  Q$ u0 v( V. z+ ~This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)7 W; a, y  S1 }4 Q4 i2 p

) @" f+ h# g  R2 y2 L* E; G& qThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
8 v2 q7 t7 |/ d8 h' Z% k" n
4 t/ @* M" n+ D3 d: WI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
1 [( ?* q1 F) j, Q5 _
" \! {) V/ _8 dMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)/ f: d9 T9 s" M# e
$ F' o& O& o$ X" L8 }4 P/ M
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)) ^! N+ O3 U' s4 _( F

; }. f3 c& K) r0 V) WThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
6 G% _! G# G0 p$ \1 D2 N% t. ?) N# C- x
' f* O) `. x4 `) `* pWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)4 _! q9 ]' v1 O) f

9 E! C* v1 M# ~Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
0 [0 c. b, }6 o, ^
' l  H' j) H/ d) n, P; p这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!& i2 l0 s) T# Y& x9 g) F
3 N" S* p6 @4 y. A/ G; y0 ^) ^

. K6 O9 z  b8 D4 B4 t2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
' B4 A4 N" m, r  D, E; z6 w0 q& b( C/ v  |7 y( u
例如:
/ E- \, H2 q9 R& w, I+ l. M! e8 c# h% Z, K9 b2 p" H
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)# k6 G# B* p9 P5 Q3 ?/ P
7 _: }, a* f7 g! b2 i
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)+ d. |6 T+ J! o

; B2 A% t( Z6 w9 N0 t+ [6 n! wI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
2 h$ x9 `. q8 b# p0 v7 ]) s
# h/ G2 D7 Z" h7 r, Q2 m; ^He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)& }7 W" X( X( D' ]3 V

* G- u8 p) g9 L, GIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
0 i/ j! t) O5 ^% p! p5 F  v# o4 m
- L( M, q/ T  d9 y! H$ m$ w) tShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)1 X0 M$ k$ c' p2 p( I

5 `6 Q* |4 w* g) O4 ^9 ZI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)# h: W8 O0 I, H! E- m9 @

2 c2 ?$ i& ~& M# W' g如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:: B3 p+ S+ d2 m. N* h0 a7 _, l
/ Y7 ~. L7 D! A$ \/ L4 h
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)4 D5 B4 O  p; C
8 @5 n, F0 x) W5 S. J) Y
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)' R* l( i0 J% I* A

5 L- G( B- ^1 B3 r7 LHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
" j+ ~0 l3 |1 n. S7 }
' @  ^$ E( L; x5 l3 ~He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
2 x# o+ ]0 V+ M; X; H, V$ u0 k$ D" E+ v* D' B
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)0 t# i. k1 A6 W7 K
- g7 u. R4 S! Y' _
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
6 S% p  B8 s  Q9 S# I  c- K; W$ b* K( K" I5 ^: D9 v
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)  d9 `" e/ D, j
+ I  U% L) b9 Q. q, L
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
) S' n+ }5 P* k2 o9 G- }
8 \4 t8 u4 e" c! X
* }8 J2 t; M9 J9 u1 n* @3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
' L# d7 ?/ ^5 I: j0 v4 A
) K  E2 r6 ?' E' ?$ w2 @; E例如:
" e) h- }& Z/ O" j: M
9 x# Z  `4 d  ]0 G' t3 QMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数). q- a: w, Z! u8 c4 o0 Z- Q

& K+ B5 M4 p4 A1 Q! a: \* W( QManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
- E: [  M% h' e. Q2 K/ N$ p
/ U$ t5 @$ ~/ DThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
4 B- G" G9 y: ~
. y: T6 d& j8 Z# _7 {He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
, E8 D1 I; O- k2 M. x' m. `# J
; S% M1 C2 K- X) r) J- x+ r9 r+ NMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)0 C1 i# s( r# @! `+ z- E( D: r

: P$ Z0 Q0 Z$ uPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)! `) R- r: P& D. k: z) p5 w

) l* A' w. s. t$ |: A5 E5 CCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
; u, E) }6 F' }& O7 p/ k3 m/ ^- V/ |; o! a
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
  a- U: ^2 c, S6 v1 g) \) {6 T1 S9 A, d% X- c; ~, E# e7 m6 w' S2 m
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。+ v. D' @3 a# L: z  z( c% B
) ?: ~2 q9 Q# C: g9 a; e
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:1 H% O; A! h* P. h" H5 g
5 w5 v, k1 J8 I' w
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
; n: x$ Y/ r- W1 x  j! {6 Y% c. X+ a0 @( N
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;6 f) N& A  j5 B5 [

6 \8 A! w& o  q3 \3 n对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
2 F+ Z1 z4 q+ d5 f5 V7 `8 n
+ `, W! `, Y2 b. x: y: x对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
$ P6 W7 {: H2 J- f$ @  ]. }( h" m$ l* D$ {! w' U+ \4 m
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
# S1 l% M( i) R& H* L$ J2 ^! U- |: W" k& p
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
- O4 a* |5 ]# F
3 \1 m$ i% ?/ c4 \" p# l4 W) C, i有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。. i  A: Z0 L* T9 ?

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-3-6 04:34 , Processed in 0.044086 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表