AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️FB BM不限额,短id账单户
BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理
虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户
IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户海外CL企业户源头PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]
FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB个号1块一个寻找顶级电商?AdsBranded等你!
TK老户/国内外端口/预审/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作广告位出租
8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 5440|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 " h& l9 K) v  P" P! b# V  b

5 ~6 G: l) F% ]2 A' F" d! `转帖- B5 j1 c8 D/ d4 r7 u2 x9 |1 Z
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

' R0 L9 `) w  o" f! G; I( F" {$ z; d& I4 F
例如:
7 t' I  {9 j* G6 \+ x! C3 w0 @' Q0 z! ?# m/ K" R9 Q; A
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
* d& K1 ]& p2 u1 F- G2 B! s! t" f) ^4 d# n2 Q) T9 ^
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
' S# K4 U6 i6 b; y+ A7 I% K8 T& ?1 M# X/ _# S9 l* z8 D
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)6 V* E+ \. I$ B0 c4 K, Z! U% w

! {! `8 h4 m2 k. A- kThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?), p8 s$ U" m8 I4 q

5 \, T- K- R2 uI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
" c& g+ p" X0 K
2 m' i0 m7 p3 T& ~% cMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)) m3 V8 C5 b* X7 v8 b

0 \. V1 V5 f8 c2 o# _We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)5 G$ c: B! U3 ?6 P$ p! O
9 x+ e3 C2 N+ m8 n5 Y& u0 q
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
" R$ N2 v9 F; o% w) P, ^4 T$ J, f% T! Y: A* W- @- r
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。); W' {7 U& D% `. R) ~6 Z
8 \4 l$ P" W+ E7 ], r$ V
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
* j* ]: \) U  J+ O1 S  H4 D/ `+ R: |4 K; u3 I$ Z3 @  l# c
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!; @  N: F) q; W1 f( Q/ N+ [

/ M7 _! Z3 x4 s" g# {% W# z8 L+ O% L! V! g3 u' I
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
; I" O& \; B* K. s9 Q! q4 {5 Z; I
. g* t/ l! \2 L7 A6 B, X( X% `1 B1 z例如:
% i- ?% [) |3 _" W# T% ~2 ?2 O- h' X. R: A7 I1 V
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)  {6 t" E2 k1 ^; n* `9 R

0 q# R( ]; n6 Q& xDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)  N. W2 v7 }) \# H/ A, G

/ x. o! X7 ?7 U: |I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
. q. E; |1 W+ E4 `8 S2 U  G& H# r* }- K
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)3 e) J; j& c) A6 z( X
$ b- u' V6 {* k2 ~% V. H- _
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
  @8 o5 [& |, `" K0 o7 Y9 V4 F- F; P5 D
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)4 J4 [$ [4 B3 S! L
6 y+ ?8 {7 ?) B' Y7 S0 S
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)$ j, A0 j8 X$ H6 q& G8 l
3 t  g3 x- d# ~$ S  m
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:4 d+ y/ H7 \3 i& e; h0 g3 d2 B
! `; A% m$ j2 ~5 \
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
7 r* ~* Z; ^* ?; K
) x" R4 Q  n% C6 B! aThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)8 {; \, @9 @  m8 @8 s! E6 Y

( }" R+ h; e8 D  SHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
$ }0 C: j1 J# e: l% ]6 ]" v1 z" J( o( w1 e( b
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)2 v$ o# N# K# i- Y4 h
, ^- j2 h  ]$ b& n9 c* z6 J
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)& h8 |9 M" c  }) J( u# U, z+ }

, H; G4 B. i/ E. nEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)  b: L# y7 {* \# y9 \% ]) n' E

0 k3 O8 \: C0 t8 x+ W3 C4 B写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)# t; U( ~* i' M" x. Y. z" N

- @" d8 H, U0 C- ?. F: {* D4 k2 u& s此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。1 _9 D  U4 G8 _3 C# J

4 V% |6 [1 o# S* t- P( K$ j; @
, u& B4 L( {2 a" W$ w9 o  p5 y3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
  w+ P  f+ g3 v( v& ^
5 U2 _$ q4 Z/ z" j/ |5 _* U1 ~例如:8 Z8 E8 A/ \: ?5 }
9 ^7 K5 P5 o+ z! m! a' w
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
$ q4 l0 v+ c. s# P# _9 {: c. }- g- @) d* I4 H' n
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)* \# l% O7 _. K/ Z- h. O! p
. B$ M4 j3 |7 S5 r: `" i6 j- S
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)7 C, S( V( ?( B$ O* `! ^5 n

& i$ W% L* T# jHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)2 O/ p7 t9 d% l. S2 P8 N$ m5 E

: r9 E, ]: q1 y% VMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
7 ^9 X, ^2 o9 s, [' p% Y: `  K" z6 h% I. v6 d/ @
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)9 S% X- T( F- t4 G% l

+ o, R! Y' I$ O& p2 rCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
1 Z. Z, R- x' w+ B: W' P1 j5 i
( s/ ^( U6 N/ ^; N5 x$ M4 {- D5 y% \Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)2 e% [$ i3 M5 q% I0 d; v" w
% b4 u  F7 }& q5 v# d
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
2 ?! l, @$ D8 A0 W* P7 x; j9 B7 Z0 M% S6 Z' z+ u" @
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
! X  _' X9 f7 U6 m6 @0 o0 m! @0 T( P: W& o2 j) U( m  c1 y
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
- L6 X; e9 H) f) C: t6 z5 J) `2 V
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
& O$ F) E5 L5 u) s3 @! _
/ p% \3 c# S/ ?# Z& i对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
6 E" V9 X$ z& [, y  ^! h2 S( }  E3 C" Y, A# ]4 B7 d# b+ v
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
$ D( x# \2 \) L) [! T$ h* |* k0 O- E9 F6 U# }& B, ]) j
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:  S  h* E" T" I: _

/ p" u) i3 n( g; V  ?8 m9 d. _还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
6 X% ^- u3 |( ]: W2 ?/ R& k% g0 Q; A
. ?: B- M( K9 t! [8 |2 ~4 K有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。: B9 _5 Q2 |, [' G! L2 m

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-2-9 00:24 , Processed in 0.045227 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表