AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多FB广告Spy工具⚡免费试用✅ FB个号1块一个
TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇
域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构
查看: 6169|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
' }  k. t; M( `& s5 l% W1 G! k+ I1 Y
转帖. a8 R/ F+ U$ {
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

2 Z. F4 C! @4 O6 d6 K! N% x) I. f+ p4 Q% q1 D) \: r
例如:
2 z" r& {" q4 ^3 s" g7 O( r$ p5 G2 u3 S. h3 r6 D
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
6 ~$ i3 a# C( l
& {( d+ t+ x* z9 U9 UThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)) a' O6 `" R/ l. ~% R. r. e
8 `. n+ {: n0 A  v! f
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
. u, l0 |% G/ @. V2 s5 C  e9 M* @, F. j
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)% F4 A7 e; V* s0 u% M
7 E* h: _' z, v% L4 Q
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)5 F: `! K- R+ N' [: p1 Z
# c" @; d7 x, E( J# ?! K
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
+ e- ^, J: w, t+ Q! j' _+ c
0 R* V1 t7 _$ X/ }+ [# MWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
- V* ^$ p# @" D0 k7 R: V' {/ G
* m, E9 e7 P- D% e2 U2 p# W5 |6 BThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
0 p/ p+ m) I, s: g/ w& k* s5 [% w5 r% p; @
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
3 i% @* W7 A# O. {* t! U" j$ N
: W# z3 R0 N- w" n# v7 f+ t+ j5 i3 VPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
# F0 f5 `7 G+ z/ {7 o! M9 Q2 H
7 X: ^5 b9 i3 w! t+ ?这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!* y+ w0 K( Y. T8 a5 f3 v5 V' W" P
1 g. N5 W- V0 w, u  f; O: |$ |
- n- H: {: {9 O9 p/ [+ |
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
5 p) z: M2 b+ B' r) ^: g4 g6 J5 C! T  O6 W, }. ]% ^
例如:6 u* d; T( K3 j# T8 T) S

7 G/ p9 [3 {6 `+ ]( B7 _5 VAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)& k; ^4 ~/ n2 u4 y; p( l
; L$ h& w) _9 j, ?2 p: F
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though): O3 D4 I, L, g, h; |( ^, [% ?
7 B" N  K# M9 m$ ~, a5 t7 u/ {
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)( B  I. C, ^7 l# V  }

) q3 u# B4 }9 z: G6 [He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)4 p% L; @( B% z6 K
% E% z/ u5 B( m) D7 B0 o
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)7 W8 h- u7 T" z9 @2 F) g2 _9 o

+ U( m' Z' \9 D  A! T% VShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
! c+ e3 f8 J7 X  j+ x; \  D
& }, x( X( }* Y2 AI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
0 }$ I, T- L& S% x. z2 V0 s. E9 m6 K$ k6 l2 C+ l
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:2 M" X* V3 [: G$ h

+ H1 I+ \' H& A  E- AThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)/ b: N6 t2 E* f1 @5 g' n, N2 u

0 ]6 o4 h8 }* i6 X: {6 UThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)# _) ?7 E; M8 }) w2 D: r- K
+ K3 Z1 i$ L2 V7 B; i7 m$ ^6 e- O
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)* K* h! l( X9 Z! f. R( r
9 @9 _. Y$ r) c0 I7 s
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)8 B+ L# S: y; N+ U. M  O) D% x' k

& z& M0 Y; e/ K, x" p& I, ?) aWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)2 G% p" O8 |$ n# v! ~

0 w5 }6 U9 O2 p; tEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
' }5 P) ~8 W# K1 W& ~* b; E- f: I( F0 [# L" G! p3 I5 A  K% S  g7 `/ n' E
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
/ a. U& _9 R$ Q: o' p" J+ [" }/ w' Y3 v; ?! z
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。8 t2 ^- t5 |( T9 a8 _% n
' P& v# i8 L$ g$ k3 ]

' }1 ^' T  e5 E1 Q3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」7 H' ]3 t% P2 F+ b* E
7 @) U" z3 X/ q) Z! W( H" ?3 Y
例如:
' a3 S9 J- C# `7 e; y2 T" f" I- S  n7 @
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数); u$ h$ X8 U) `; w1 O$ Y1 S5 m/ `
% }$ l; R- f( q% J
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
; ?9 f" y$ ~6 }! v4 W9 v9 n- i# b5 x/ g
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)2 Z' B; ]0 \, j; ^1 b  {
. C: ^; P1 i! A4 z  M3 z
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)9 V$ H  B- z" M1 Y
+ p# q: ]- e2 V& m( M! N. ~5 ]9 G
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
* [- {1 f+ u$ D3 B8 L
9 X9 I  H# n0 C- p, I* `: ePolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)2 z' V6 d9 g1 B2 V3 |# n) p. L2 S+ ~
+ @. r) c7 }, R/ Q/ S
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
. Y. ]' I6 R* n, s6 d5 U
0 Q  q0 z8 K# H# O# b) i* eStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)& S& k. j4 V7 |7 J% \3 g2 A- q

! k7 M, A7 s7 d" G0 E; ?同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。, i. f) z) M5 ]! p3 W: r1 X
# Z6 E: v) \7 L1 y) f$ V
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:+ L% Z9 W% b2 n4 {

! z* }: ]0 G% \, L$ k/ Q! x. [对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
, B+ F1 q3 P! t  v7 Z
$ {" K* Z) m' ~7 l3 l, Q2 a对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
5 [$ @7 {  a4 S9 G2 x
! T9 k+ T. |- q8 |2 S- q! u- T( a对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;% }# ^# [- t, {3 ~' I9 K1 k( G& r( u

. _. ~/ _7 v+ P  ^8 B# ^1 B! L对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;/ ?& `3 N, q- t; r& e/ `3 O" N8 C
/ \1 L, Y- Z2 r# U1 e3 J$ o
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:7 O% {/ l% J8 S9 R; N5 w
; [  k9 a3 h7 F* M1 Y5 j4 X
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。! M4 o( k3 ~' h2 W  B( L

/ h* K, X7 r& P$ C, U5 G6 I有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
5 V! G* M# J. D" y

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-5-31 13:11 , Processed in 0.047017 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表