AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户海外CL企业户源头PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️跨境债务催收/风险代理FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户Proxy4Free独家住宅IP池❤️免费测试
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 5937|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
PTMLink
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 . Z1 G3 o' ~+ e1 E/ N
( j6 S) b5 P/ H' k9 @* K6 M6 _6 K
转帖' }! k0 v, V# |( D' x- z1 Z  M
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

- n# }3 r( J/ x: m, V
/ p3 B0 Y) d/ {5 Z0 C* P# S! w* S例如:  _$ M5 g8 ?: `+ U# a0 A+ B4 \
  w2 e; d5 V0 H% ~7 V. g
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
2 f2 d0 S" F- [, \9 ]- Z
" ?- x2 d" ]/ h* s, d6 @" ]Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
0 t) n9 |+ p5 ~# m9 ]
4 Z/ l6 n  p# j8 R: S9 `9 _& M% qThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
1 ^7 c* o3 v1 H& v3 V6 I) S# R- _+ B" ]
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
' N( U; a! C6 Y$ I+ O( k1 W; ~" a# d) U3 V( e0 b2 A3 U; J2 L* f' V
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
5 \- T$ R: \0 t2 v' I$ V, ]: g# n( ^! Q
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)) r3 I; O4 M" g: C" n; c) Z8 N
! }1 [+ [/ U+ T5 A9 w
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)# j/ U( p- X/ r, D9 c" n

& r+ S9 z" @# l: h1 e, R8 G3 vThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)4 u9 A# B" H* v) a/ `' K: C
2 \4 R; g. W) {
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)1 r) K9 M6 [" e. D; M. k4 Y

- @6 y! G( g, S0 A; OPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?); D* U/ a6 ]7 {" t2 x+ i2 ~
/ F5 J. o8 t( {& \
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
& }* K, Q& i/ E6 C: i3 `: M7 W: x4 v  x

) W& O% a" f$ `  g2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
: s$ L  l2 \5 A& c( R9 ]! `. A) W! x$ V$ w, W! T  d
例如:3 u0 a+ t% ]8 l: H
) @7 p. t" D2 y6 t8 Z9 k
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)3 F( B; A, ?  ^* ]4 m& Q
2 E3 ?0 c! K1 Z; s( a
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
6 c  d2 k: ]9 v1 K! n7 f- E, [2 A* I
! |) X8 _5 H+ m! m6 N: ZI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
/ G$ A6 o- m, P0 Z% {# G5 v) B4 y  y( k* M1 A: W
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
) Y8 p  R8 R  I) F7 ^
7 Z7 ]- o) [+ |- {, V1 lIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)" W$ o* A* p7 O, Q- U" M' \
, K& p( P8 m6 S! a* A
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)- j$ n. ]7 d2 V/ s. t# E
9 E% e8 `% }1 ?1 l& C% H( B- v/ u
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)% U: r! ^( [5 z& @2 ~; B
: o- w6 [% N! H+ |4 \& o- _/ C, m
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
  F; w5 c3 n0 I) l8 d; d% D2 k
* R7 t) L# @1 i' O- V( lThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)& ~; y3 U7 u% }, n
% L( o1 O) W6 X. r
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
, B) H/ a# k( m6 x, v* l* T* S5 D
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)( s9 p0 [3 v8 t9 u) \$ C

3 j% R3 F% M1 gHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
$ b: f( ]: f% U, p' f1 i6 `9 Y' _- T$ a: t* {0 @
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
* b% D5 p* a. G
% M6 ~* j2 u+ a. q) z8 h6 O+ Q9 @Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)4 b+ I1 n! `% ^3 R  r6 c
' {2 z9 w# Y( r1 [# X
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)' N# {3 Q+ c+ E  ~! m* v+ H  h
. z* u, {( B  E! q8 }* Z
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
! A6 b5 a: J* |- w% ]0 ]" M. c5 ]; @6 C& A- K) N) |6 z% l0 K
1 j( Z& y% L! ]8 i# W
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」1 U  b0 b6 g$ Z; D2 [
$ B) ^' e7 Z4 G1 O$ j* [0 w, m! z$ v
例如:! O6 P3 g* P7 S" \" M/ C- G9 p- c
; v: U) z- w# k# J5 C
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
8 Q/ n) k! U# y2 A
) E7 v/ f* ?' T: q3 \Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)2 t8 h0 O* d% y) \3 S' W# E
) |2 z2 M: j; u' T- a
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)8 t6 ~0 Z* r) O

6 b, _5 D% V! f; ^He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)5 P9 p8 w5 v6 E' x6 `

+ G) @0 ^% F; rMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
* D' p/ k/ u& l; I/ E8 n" d6 @% p/ k" P
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
6 j! f/ b: W: d6 N6 |: p& ~' \
: V$ i. E* e% t$ R. t8 mCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)$ K/ ?2 h) R# K- E. f0 M

# q6 \& C4 l, l% Z& m+ |) N% ?Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
3 J/ a! `6 n) T, f& ~7 k' O4 X# u% F+ \$ ]  ?5 Q6 j6 C
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。( F  ^# k% M8 C
2 z) t+ _( H. `% q, f
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
, j. i, V4 h' l, i9 r
% w6 x# o% }) l$ e. j5 {. [对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;0 ~( Z* R' A- G! k2 ~/ K5 h! E
" v; [8 f' E4 Y* i, X$ Q* @" U
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;0 z8 ^# S+ S5 E: R, O1 M

' |) v0 v1 k: E5 j* j- `对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
; }! [+ s" D2 x$ e7 V+ K0 y8 L4 ~8 ]  b3 H
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
6 f6 o% s8 E- `- f" M9 i- O
/ s  C- f$ ^! y- U5 N至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:2 J6 k2 `  I% d$ @
5 \. G  |; |- @1 h  ^$ [+ Y/ M
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
6 o" ~3 u% z" ^6 i% C, f
: p1 L; W- d' @$ e有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。. a* ^' r% u, H" T1 |! e% \9 m

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-4-29 04:29 , Processed in 0.045029 second(s), 14 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表