找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip
广告位出租虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 7002|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
9 M0 k/ t8 J8 i2 Y& @/ w
& t4 X" z: X5 S5 }& L1 Y转帖
4 O# l- b1 W" e" ~1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

# c1 M) Z) [5 n$ p2 |! s
! L5 n! {- ~2 {, ~6 @+ `7 B例如:
* Z  z3 B; E! D. K! i- ]3 ^  Q
1 C6 {: B" z  Q9 `% j. w% j, B8 C2 yMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)5 D( e  R7 V+ H

4 L! V9 S5 ^: z" _+ V! HThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)8 X4 `1 J9 ?5 v3 D" ]
' c6 X5 Y. }9 C3 D# Q- K
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)/ Q" z9 A$ Y- a( r4 y# t

, A5 E3 [  a% e/ y5 [/ q2 i# T1 z  CThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)9 R5 @; ?1 E- k! M4 [

# v, R% C, f2 q* K1 \, s& LI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
5 k" J1 q1 T. S4 v9 i+ B3 k- D! I& b( R* a
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
/ ^6 D0 H) ?& E+ Z( r8 y3 T& w4 Y
/ p- g- b# w( ]% D+ l8 s( [We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)" M: ?. x, n' S6 ]$ `7 G  @
" t$ H' p8 T$ a6 u8 ~9 G
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
3 `( b* [; ?" O5 Y( P; n. _7 k. ~) m: ?+ d
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
+ y0 m& L. g4 H% ]: r
+ D0 W2 P  K) h/ zPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
4 O: G2 C, o4 d' \4 s3 m9 f- x( Y( D0 H: o
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!- q; f5 K4 b) X1 U. \& _
- i- y0 n/ o" ~% r, E( c: D2 d
( e7 c( S& `/ S- t4 q) C' d: V
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
$ i0 D5 z; `- X) K' o  q' w% `  f- {3 x# R3 _8 `9 ~+ t
例如:
4 y" c' \; i8 z- o& r
% z9 F  g. }0 f6 M6 sAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
; l0 E9 t( X' K  w3 F% P7 c' D& L& k( O4 Q, A
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)8 z! i( l9 N5 ^* @; h$ W  b' l) v
, V7 R& Q2 K; _3 E; X$ k+ w6 Q
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
( v5 U0 c9 |" [
9 j% y1 G6 M8 M! F0 nHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
" [( p4 G+ E& b' F9 Z" ^' M3 S1 B+ {1 t/ N5 v- S
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
: H$ I& v. a& f  K; z  n2 \! C# E$ j4 s" @) A0 r! |0 _  L8 h7 \, {' K8 |
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
, U) {# J2 b2 w( y) S" R  m! |0 m8 w+ }) |6 q. \, b
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
) c2 T: S, r4 n* [0 i4 V( u3 i0 s" z8 C/ E& z! _4 z
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:: F8 c" y2 H9 o$ L( r, F
+ Z" ^' Q& ~9 F! C9 b% P2 a
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
( s' ?& ~2 K# O% I" M6 i: m
1 U1 F( Y# A! ]  N* dThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)3 D$ u8 N/ I5 n: V

! c( L7 E; r% |! e8 g$ XHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
( U& f+ u0 t& N! h: U% {: v0 i2 _6 ~! ~. J" H+ L. H# k, G
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
. q; S* t1 w$ V; f1 F- U" k/ I5 z# M) K& [6 Z. w9 q
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)/ S5 Z. E# p: A+ u; C) ~7 c
2 V2 _* O! L2 l7 f$ q0 p9 }
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
7 d: O( Z1 r( q% N5 f; T. ^8 W4 L$ }; }9 ~' p/ M# P" v& t
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
5 _; Z" P$ E6 }9 _
# `  B  D2 g: b此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
: `$ [# M' @+ G$ C6 |" R& u3 q* K0 m2 X! q
( i: g. e: I8 R- ]. U  n, `
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」( x& _' E4 k) B1 I
* W6 e* t7 }/ G9 h
例如:; X% T) S! e6 H( ~$ j' ?; A
# |9 p$ @8 W4 Y# ?8 n6 L5 @
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
/ E( m. A  g0 G, C1 R  q
) x$ z4 S! D1 F2 d& OManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)# ~: r9 J* ?2 i0 a$ a2 `( Y

+ `! j$ [6 t# Y3 V. i; tThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
( X4 o# G) d0 k5 s; z$ U) r  T4 R/ ~0 ]. J! O0 d/ y2 K! }
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)) \7 [6 G9 i: V  R+ N0 M' ^
9 V% U6 Y3 ]& p; U% i6 _; `- K8 W3 }
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。); v. F5 n2 R- G0 b1 d& a
* y6 P9 s+ g& Z9 ~7 P; k
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)/ _. q3 x/ I% _  M$ \
% ?2 ^2 S" j' T1 ^7 T: G( a* D
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
7 y4 N/ Z3 {. y3 {9 }- K$ @
% }. n1 J* x' }) A4 QStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)* V: V: X  W% k- |( r

  ^) y; N' ~, k& I$ i同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。% i' ?& t+ Q0 p& r! C" z5 I

: ]4 R; I9 E& B7 f当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
  C/ [. Z( r" b, K% a% _5 h4 I1 M( q* ~. n7 K5 R
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
' Z& C+ g6 s. a& f& D& X
$ ?' E3 z4 D8 L# ]9 N3 B: o9 j! e1 c对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
9 a  k' i: o0 f" t" z( k5 m/ e
; S0 c+ x6 k* r0 ^对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;4 s' l3 v+ d5 w: b6 Z7 r& I3 f5 u  ]
, \4 Y4 Z; ]- T- M. X
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
; G+ p+ ]; @. l
4 ^8 e8 |, d6 r( w% E. x, m$ y7 `至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
+ G9 m0 v; e, j5 v# A, E3 n, L" Y/ c, D% s9 l* ~# A
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。1 M' M) @& f) k/ H

( Y* C' X9 k* G1 R$ g5 F有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
, |8 H. Q; ^+ H6 `/ y; Z9 s4 m

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-9-11 16:08 , Processed in 0.063474 second(s), 23 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表