AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
高品质·稳定高速纯净IP FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️跨境债务催收/风险代理高权重Google老户[卖户+筛户等级] 海外斗篷・智能广告过审率高达 99%
DataImpulse⚡️纯净住宅代理仅 $1FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 5800|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 . `2 b+ J  v6 V* `% G5 _* H4 y

* j" [* y1 ]$ a/ _1 }转帖
  t$ D2 [( D- `9 @4 t: b1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

# K& `/ ]% X: K5 I+ `0 K
8 N: j. X' M( D% z" D  b例如:
9 P  i* N! q+ b3 L' v, u7 j4 n" w4 M" l
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
8 D1 M' C: a* j# j. o
7 |* S# w% E' SThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
) w' O/ j6 G7 J5 \: V" O+ G6 B6 w! a9 p/ @8 Y4 V0 A; a
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
! |/ x" {0 u0 T3 Y7 H$ \! R5 A$ `2 v- I- D
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
3 B0 Q. F% K* `. y
4 n& h* X* A! vI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)# K, L* X( ~0 d0 D5 A6 a
% v  A9 s1 v7 Q
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
% o# B6 a/ u! _
+ {. y  ]' \' w! w, Z  hWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)7 ]  {; [, h0 D1 v+ g

9 P% y9 [- V. R( L. ^The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)0 J5 d" z0 P7 N1 V9 o/ j5 T+ ]
" n3 u/ P. I& x* a
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
. X7 L5 D; o, t/ N; _: h$ h% F7 x" U. b5 D4 q, j
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)# a3 A; K/ Q; h4 i$ |

$ W" u; f4 W2 C# B- A1 F0 ?# l这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!4 V# J8 W6 q7 V+ H) h" ?4 b  b- i
$ x8 t0 U- U$ c6 A
1 U( r7 k4 ~! \; I, p
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。) Q: ]4 A) t5 A. o) x
* b" b& j/ C) S) y
例如:
2 k2 T( F2 T- X' B" G1 E' K& N* t0 J: m9 V! C( J
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
! x; j/ t% e% h2 a* S& X; ?* ^" N& Y- `; n; ]8 m' k
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)) _/ K. I$ k4 h- I# u" N9 c2 G

3 x7 J; \) D! l; D% A) aI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
8 ^2 a5 D9 y. o
0 W: u) R; [. ?2 H( [He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)* w9 C& B! A7 X

' ]) b4 Y- j+ mIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)- I. {, O" ]7 a) ~! N/ N

9 v4 e$ J- r5 s* ?1 ?1 X5 dShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
3 K* q: A8 w% W2 I- ~6 w( G- _2 P6 {* Y
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)$ {# f# I2 [% p1 B1 }$ Q, U
7 {- F: P" P# |2 ]: Z' g7 g4 j
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
% a! m! n/ ]2 t( @# a! O  {* t7 K- n) y
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
' ~# l' p* g+ y. s' f0 |. L5 }% K& u6 _6 q/ `1 n
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)) u2 n, K7 i) l" b2 F; ?7 |1 C8 @2 s

: n0 R$ l) y/ B1 ]4 G5 m2 X; o4 pHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)$ n$ w" O8 C" A* H- S7 O
$ D0 a+ T/ b0 d3 q7 \! o
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)" ]7 H" U) q5 j7 |
7 V: k# ~( G. o4 O/ t
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)$ J( R- c8 s- ?( p2 N+ f
" s' ]) K) m& N$ b. l& t8 \. a6 Z
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
; n* E1 K% g0 M* h7 {1 K# G$ Q
/ i" H5 o. N" D/ c' d7 U9 u写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
, R: `0 t, I( Y& H' _' n6 s& O/ \$ T
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
7 j2 v+ E! q$ P7 H9 S
6 z+ x( f+ n) ~3 Z0 `, I0 T1 A
; k5 Q. ~' F( k' Z3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
: U2 o* _" Y' r" Q* C. x+ W
& ]4 m  ^, B7 K6 r+ I' D例如:. S: g  q  n8 i" ~2 n0 ~

# D+ E6 ^! w+ A4 `! G  h6 EMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)4 q4 [% d7 Q" }+ G/ u, }

1 a, w$ D8 `; t1 @$ Z6 t5 q9 w) {Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
! X6 v9 W/ g) |& Q
6 x! W+ {2 O. ~! N5 F+ h% u! A! J2 UThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
7 `$ m. U& {! a7 ?, i
2 b9 p+ n2 [, X; `( C# lHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
) i# F- R9 S: G. E8 z! z
& S) w# z: O2 ^; ?4 b$ j; ]! l* rMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)/ C; ]1 q3 X& }0 N# U
+ B/ z( r8 |( V) \  `; O) L
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
$ N; e- Z% L6 b, L4 ]8 u6 ]- J' G$ |
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)5 \% i& m( O* o8 T2 i$ j

& H$ o  v- ]; i. kStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)9 x9 B5 ^. D' Z
' D0 z: V% v+ ~/ n) q' v4 p2 i
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
- f8 T( G. f. c; [& Y/ q( J( t
* \8 H: z1 l# J' a1 ]" L6 q当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
$ o+ a+ b, [. {1 G' n$ Z9 k* q
, r% x  [. B- {7 l9 V) R对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
, t3 L' _; `* k( E' I4 x7 C6 S5 i" F7 d
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;$ O- I# Z- B" S9 Y
' g4 q/ k" `7 B* I, B3 Y% E0 }
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;8 y/ B( T% `9 O* _; ?& L$ a; o
6 y# k5 C1 k+ }' \0 l. f
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
: U/ G) a* `! B/ ^9 V+ l5 t3 Y; B, h, p1 u
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
1 i: o9 G: q* p4 N
5 c" N, s0 P" H5 h$ l还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
  }4 s% b5 Y, }/ ~* O+ S& E* y% c7 Y- a
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。1 U4 Y. i9 _; g" W/ `5 G: d

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-4-10 02:37 , Processed in 0.046356 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表