AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
高品质·稳定高速纯净IP FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️跨境债务催收/风险代理高权重Google老户[卖户+筛户等级] 海外斗篷・智能广告过审率高达 99%
DataImpulse⚡️纯净住宅代理仅 $1FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 5745|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 7 I% d- x4 x* I) e7 L  Y& r6 |

1 C3 h7 J( }( ], W+ m9 f  s( p转帖
: F$ p* J& U8 B3 f1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
  H# \& U) z/ g# Q

1 V1 s2 C1 Y; `' M4 B- Y! G例如:
2 T& P- n% Q& Y5 z
+ Q% \9 c0 v& u$ S, DMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)0 p8 |% @8 Y5 Z/ e
& M. E) x2 M; D, q+ \
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
; K% U& u9 k. P# [: R# I! u" L1 `
/ ]& p. {) W0 ]This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)7 B; r- H, {3 W8 u* \9 n  K
5 K# E! P/ K( X
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)) g1 Z9 L; Z) l' N7 ~
+ q; B! X2 Z* j! P: R8 g
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)$ |; e/ [+ A4 ^2 M4 ?# ~4 x/ s$ c
" x' z7 v8 P, h) n$ x
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor): r# V9 m7 u$ d# g
$ [1 ]3 J  M* \+ b2 R& r3 \
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)# A' X; d* j* L1 O9 ~

: X4 r- Q5 x0 G7 ]4 yThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)$ p% ]5 O9 ]3 }" X
6 b2 N9 u9 Q& j9 d  e& X6 o& j
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)' Z4 P7 C- j. f

, ^. P- `) Z* L; X7 F: S2 pPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
8 i: a: N" ^9 ]0 N5 |0 p" V. G' t( L
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!; ?6 B0 R! Z( a4 a' T7 [* }

2 a3 h9 _8 k' u! E; _7 ]( B* J1 e/ P, R, O' N
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。- _1 j; h, ?2 K; ?' r

+ z0 \/ E/ S+ @1 M例如:
" H3 h8 E3 W3 @0 \( C6 R  B! }7 M/ e' x# X
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
) c& A: Y6 S; m8 T' e1 N& w( {; F6 q7 \
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
! I: X' W! N& D7 k  f$ u
7 K# ^' Q8 y: ]3 GI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)/ f8 o. ^' o1 O8 k  C, Q$ G

, O" o' X5 |' N  GHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
& k8 k" t7 w; N! s
- s/ X/ s, j8 w7 `5 p6 _! }* KIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)2 a: }9 X6 z4 ]) ]+ e
& Y7 q- C, w: U% n
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
- ^) t) R/ m% W4 s+ F2 g; K& X" o) f: v! Y9 J# G6 [
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
: }1 S$ z- S7 j
1 b. J# }8 R* [& z) b/ e5 v如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
7 r# S7 |/ }& J6 \
+ T; _- g2 f9 }The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
$ ]; s! ?% |. i* J* ]5 }) a' h, ?! D1 [9 {$ R+ y; k
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)0 F) {; k1 d3 E7 T
$ i/ \' K8 N- W* r
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)8 W$ A, c! P- s4 ^
  X# ~+ P- u; D% A+ e! J* X& e, g
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
( ^; [% V+ v- g% s  v" b2 X+ Q* s& z# O# b  ?
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
. v, z1 |6 n: E* q; h. G- k! ?0 L$ W) Y, P3 ]3 j/ X3 ?( b! }
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
+ ~8 k3 y" e( Z" T6 P9 v
8 X- ^( e- D$ d( E4 k* O写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
/ l; q" E# w* j- y5 |
4 S7 U# A" \# f5 r( m此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。; @1 x# b; \- h
3 x5 a8 Y6 ~& b" S; X
! J7 t$ T* v+ c. i0 c) y' }
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
$ I: e3 t; l" a  L: R7 V
# d; E+ S8 {# y' k# b) |例如:
6 s+ n9 Z! Z  P$ x0 K# H: V9 ]  s" i6 M8 z2 ~
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
/ u, N0 s" y5 u' I
3 N3 L1 v3 w2 l) I9 I1 A' gManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)2 @; f4 o) L5 ^9 r* s
# F; q  }8 y9 K, p! |* j+ k& I
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)$ P" K% {6 l' y% I( A0 W
9 R) `! N; [& H" L1 ~. x
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。): |+ a3 a/ C! N& [" d, R
: \/ M; l. G( M* G6 Q
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)( y" K% W, c" v$ E& n  {
2 `6 E3 c$ R9 s) e* S- C2 Z
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
- `3 q6 A3 J& N5 D6 X# n/ Q0 N! B/ I. k( s+ E
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
. S- n' F; T) p
" q6 m3 h9 q  }9 j$ c3 SStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)2 K# o9 B  F' J+ f! O( W' X

( x5 D- {& {; `# ?0 ~9 o, {5 S同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。) u% [0 w- }$ \. m9 a& ]3 D

5 Q  Y+ T- O) S当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:- d7 y0 M6 d/ u

' T* D2 P+ i. P: }对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
" v$ l" g7 a5 ?% U, J
* R3 {0 x8 k* j3 G8 c对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;$ G0 r2 H2 B6 H2 l6 r
3 w2 P8 u. F" ]
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;" G  E( W. J3 w0 W3 X, t

+ C1 r# r% C4 k2 t+ J( ~3 ?7 `对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
4 K3 X' R* W0 h2 ~" B$ X$ v( i2 ^0 g0 |: i9 t2 N$ V4 `  M4 Z
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
  c9 g. j0 l6 H+ P4 J  G9 a: g" n0 J
* x: S( ^) m2 f还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。" Q+ c8 `' {7 s" W5 R

* {. g2 Z9 u; z/ h有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
% w$ f+ X/ J" R; Q4 f

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-4-1 14:49 , Processed in 0.045421 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表