找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告
尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)
IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户海外CL企业户源头
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️✔Taboola海外户9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip
广告位出租虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 6862|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 " v! p1 i  O5 J- c
+ p, y/ q+ _  R+ e
转帖
% J+ ?# X2 L! ~0 x/ c/ S1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
8 n  u2 G  ^; N9 |! R- \. d' }/ M
' z$ [) i0 [' i4 V3 _6 H
例如:
9 k5 |; i- y0 Z
, l% L1 k* [, L# d' _1 G2 ]Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)4 t( a  g9 p# h( ]! ~

: E& }: O* M3 v6 }1 qThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)1 ]/ s0 w4 u, B# ?# E

# p+ k, m2 @5 s- j* CThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
+ }& l# {7 k. P0 I1 k) a1 n" ?0 N3 c( H, x  s
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
7 _6 r- C2 s3 B* y+ M4 v
2 V$ X" A5 ~, h5 oI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
* v/ Z2 X8 p  }6 s
4 J2 R# B) @( J' {Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor), R$ l6 Q, I: {( {7 O7 w
0 B) L! x2 @8 C0 _
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
' t1 {8 j# G& H/ Z9 m; A6 c7 e' l. a2 w  ~1 M+ o6 @
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
) @+ q& l+ x3 w) {+ ~- p
; x( ~6 K$ R  W! C* ~! xWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)* z4 h9 ~5 x- B& x
" V5 k4 M& h: V$ k! M. ~9 `# w
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)! b: ?" w' X) Y- J& c
( [0 _& ?; O6 y; t
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!! B% \1 M8 n5 ]' W  q0 w& M$ l

# g* p! p# |4 g4 ]/ w; P
4 x3 C3 `+ p8 h% b" [; t- s: l, V2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
. [6 o. d/ T% e" _0 x6 Z' T! T2 J0 i; R) p
例如:
: G8 Z4 U+ [6 O; A5 E$ G8 ]5 S! B7 h, Y9 M- B
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
* Y5 g% c- R8 s) |# j7 |
# F/ h2 u+ x4 R4 M2 ^9 UDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)2 d" F- y5 t9 `# O& U7 W3 u) R* T

8 \3 a0 F) C! Z: j' UI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
' \& i$ k/ ^# J/ `
( m7 i; o; e' ~2 u1 yHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
/ L; Q1 C9 x( f: [/ Z
) q# T# z/ Z$ J/ E" I# fIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
  `) s  c, ], J- p1 Q$ }4 q9 b
3 y8 F3 Z( _% [& L4 _& S, R6 zShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)3 i% ]0 q3 L4 g! _& |/ N9 g: O
9 S0 I/ o5 H1 }( s
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)/ e0 i. j! W$ a: p

9 F. r! u# [9 C% {如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:; c( X4 R: {2 _0 p; O

0 W9 o( s9 w4 X- V! H4 |The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
. L( Y8 j- A$ u# D! h2 B: ?4 G
2 m3 q$ K9 G4 P0 u7 I3 J! H* |The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)( K" O( q# i# I, H

  Q$ I; Z: N( P- CHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
! G1 \6 F9 N) s5 A. N; N! i, v1 V% A# ~
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
0 z+ X9 J, b3 ^: u9 ^) F; Z5 W9 m) C5 y
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
# [: u* d- M" C  k: @# R& J, R% z/ I5 V5 E# I
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)9 x3 a4 ?, J1 ^' T2 X! e

7 x  O) e3 R. q写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
9 l6 q9 d! K; h; q- g' ?! ~
7 I0 G- m/ o- Q! Y$ m" m% |+ D此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。, E  i/ m, s7 v* [& b
% n' D0 @" c/ }; i9 e" `* ~

4 U" @0 }0 i1 o5 e; E3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」8 ]1 u& H5 S0 c! r: P0 m
1 f! I5 p% N! V% o$ B* @6 ~
例如:( b3 k, Y+ O& ]1 O. l3 n+ d& p* n
' a( L2 ^( `! h" w7 a) M
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
8 n# C) h9 I& D' N. m0 k( m$ d7 Z% Y" `  d
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)1 i( Z" t2 C$ b. ~2 r% P

6 K! w& m* e! O. HThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)7 t% L3 F! e( O! y: O7 R/ `& i% x

6 q- s6 {* Q, y2 SHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)2 J" ~# v3 s& z5 _& n' F
; \) R7 K; U, M, [6 ^& j# D& c% g
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)/ S9 e9 h3 f3 H* D) |
- f8 @" x7 r/ P2 F+ b% J. w4 J
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)' q: u" z! ]" c' j

) I. a4 f8 f' v& U9 |3 o- iCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)5 v! f& d9 W6 s9 W/ n
/ V, {) ?) V8 j7 z
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)+ `1 o) h# q7 l" E5 t$ a! ^

8 H0 h4 |( H. ?  R! O9 m同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。9 c( f( D/ A) C' a

2 {& s7 W5 w7 F, {, Y' j当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
1 Y+ n7 M! @! ^
' j5 Q) M' F9 Q& `0 Y. u对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;+ X0 p& n% D; D1 d" D
& K3 y# K8 L) X# n* k
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
. c% }0 d$ V% V0 }7 X7 a
' D1 c3 J! L: S+ I对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
' i3 H0 X3 L- ]1 h# a; u
9 j1 ^8 K' W0 L9 ?; V2 G对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
3 }  h5 k! H6 x9 T4 D
4 N0 r: ~6 p. [至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:, }+ {$ [! G) S& j4 H0 a

% K$ R, s1 W+ t5 l  N% _' R还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
& i) ?2 a! i6 }" s' g. k% N( A; a+ v) [% o" R
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。. i- n  _6 s  f; E% Z  X8 \

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-8-26 15:33 , Processed in 0.071611 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表