AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化E.PN 虚拟卡FB BM不限额,短id账单户BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理Facebook 批量上广告
尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)
⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户海外CL企业户源头FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量高质量代理⚡️住宅⚡️移动原生住宅⚡️双isp⚡️适合跨境电商TK白名单老户|兼职广告可投
Miluproxy⚡️全球住宅IP代理Top 3联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡比特指纹浏览器+云手机, 4.5折起T3NZU:定义应用网盟新时代
FB个人号源头服务商广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构
查看: 5085|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
HuiTong虚拟卡
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 5 z9 a" G$ K  r# m4 I6 [% L; R& a
9 \2 K- m) C7 D% ^# E, \
转帖
) {, K# u4 R4 \! D1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
) r( Q- S! B1 u

! o* Z; u, Q4 J1 V例如:
) z* @8 _* s# j  }3 V) q; [  |5 ^; s9 L6 L. J) O# |9 ?
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
% n! @& w' g2 H4 w$ n! i8 W9 h& {- K2 H5 y5 w
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
) F# r3 m8 s2 L1 I8 u. D9 W5 |/ g0 P
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
( T: V8 U0 l" p0 W7 Y7 V) A! L* S7 n3 g1 x- t6 L* i
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?); T7 n& M% g2 a, J
9 `6 R. s/ W/ @2 H* S. G
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)0 f: v$ P6 Z7 c/ n8 X$ |  S, o

2 I* O- l: n; H/ q4 `- EMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)/ ^7 M, \. j4 S3 Z' t8 ?( O

/ ?( [. o* ^  d1 W. t. YWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
% y$ g/ x* ]' ]# I3 `  B+ y6 V( O( E6 z! K! Y
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)- k+ V3 k+ Z6 D. E# [6 h* o

0 k  I$ c5 l, E' q. M/ xWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)0 M+ C3 r8 b& J  a2 o5 O
& M& ^& P5 K5 M* \: V- J
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?). H( @+ U! f% ]; d

3 X( r3 ?0 M# c, I, u/ p8 a% ?& `" P这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!2 Z' ~, _- O* s3 q' i1 H% ~
$ `4 z2 `5 T% B; |

& `6 A, m# F9 Y6 B- `) v' O2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
  T$ S4 X3 B. T, w! K) i9 h( n) ?# g
例如:
2 G3 j" O/ ]$ E! K* I9 U6 \' @/ _2 S$ T. u) n/ c( q: X" _% I
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
. M: b9 d' K+ ^& |& Y" f
9 z! E, }7 Q& IDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though): S4 k) Q9 `7 ]0 A
1 o9 B$ x) J! M) X4 w" H
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
9 k6 S3 f- v  h" T) w, C
2 `; w! w6 S# h- d3 l5 ?He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)0 j1 J  c, t8 D, z% {- E, v6 N

. h! B4 p% ?3 G  k" o0 T2 OIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
# o/ n6 N3 M0 j* q# P) }
6 t" O; V- h2 q0 eShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)6 m1 ?0 r: ]+ V6 c: ^
7 }/ D# P8 A7 e/ C0 d
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生), {/ [# \% D4 E/ f! Z& Q( q
6 p9 `" D& z; b' a' ?
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:1 {- w! G) n6 e0 F, E$ e) f

+ V) B* N2 J, r3 m/ AThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)# g+ S! x  j& S' X! q7 J& |

9 y" m* o3 P8 _6 ~# ]* t- W4 wThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
* y5 e0 U. a# M+ K
' i! L) P& a2 b% FHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)+ _* `: q3 a  l' I4 O

# p7 v( X0 U7 I. l$ K0 B! V# L2 v0 mHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)& {6 B8 ?6 L5 I& d
8 A' \8 @  n5 {# M
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
# K$ K2 N* q# g) W! D* y
3 s+ l8 T' X& s, N% E  a) YEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)/ v' ?) e- V5 r& l$ x
5 u0 R2 y% K* M
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
. f- P6 S) Q) q8 M; z( G! @+ H2 k% X  V8 |
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
! P( s$ P3 Q) f; x3 I2 d& C4 @. @' Z1 a  r6 ~

' F' L$ G, Z8 y- C$ k8 ?3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」1 {3 P) y1 ~7 X" ^# U

) l+ O* Q) x5 X' R, H2 Z0 M4 s例如:
+ t9 Q/ q$ |# K! I3 K( ]4 E
% n9 B2 M9 D, }Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)3 I& @+ ~! b9 W+ _, W* f& k! M3 C. R

/ M2 Y  o- a8 d2 KManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
1 O1 k# y" n! k2 s/ k& k4 J/ b! b( Z( [+ Q+ X( B" N: ?4 ~# O1 \; S
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
- G5 A( t+ m9 ^+ f' T
5 O! e- @' ~$ M! A3 z1 N; yHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)7 _6 _3 e) B9 ?5 B. [

5 {- r) q2 F6 d% v: u% w5 H6 W0 UMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)* {) U# i9 {" ?& F  v

/ K: ]8 E3 t: MPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
5 ?! Y( P% r9 ^  [. K5 R% x" ~/ \5 o0 r- A
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)0 h2 W& C1 V* v
1 E+ a: f' J; a% b- M3 Q
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
" u3 Q" U! S6 h, w+ d7 o( e& y5 h! A  K5 _2 |1 t$ D7 y5 z
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。$ |$ }5 c* o! Q2 k
5 k. N$ D) |) x6 S
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:, z7 D0 W. V: G# a5 n/ m
* ~! P# P0 Z! ^% q$ n+ r
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
; ~/ q4 s3 O0 [( z7 o+ y! ~
* m1 Y4 o& Q: w  J3 a对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
) r7 Q+ T5 H' o9 u1 n
/ b, U4 z' X: T4 m5 O对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;$ k+ T& s5 [( a/ k9 `7 O8 Z
1 y4 J6 H. C. U0 f9 t4 c
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
' L" A: D0 `* E2 ?2 Z: g
3 m7 ?9 G4 }3 n. H' A: z3 B/ E% w至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
4 W) a" w# w  J/ r1 u% o
6 t+ S) X8 [- o& @$ X2 i还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
3 l( K- I* P1 G! H# r& S0 M% B1 n5 n. g# N  q# ~. c
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
# F4 @! K) i2 C! x; p5 W# p

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2025-11-29 22:38 , Processed in 0.043801 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表