找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️
比特浏览器+云手机 |防关联防封号Facebook截流, 1 次点击 2 次曝光广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6543|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Deepclick
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
  o  D/ g# W/ Q" ]# U: ?$ ]; s' x8 N4 i0 i
转帖2 ^0 L, [% u/ U1 j2 O* ?& u
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

* s2 N9 b2 {  N3 F5 E# A- i/ S7 {; Z1 Q. p/ S% M) C
例如:* r6 \& ^. ?6 p' u

/ j! z' \. a; P* M# \Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
" o0 P- @/ C! F4 k( j, ~
5 n& R+ v& C& N0 TThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)2 i4 Y2 F, _" {6 y: F9 `+ ~

- j! W: H" j  ?; LThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread), o  f2 h$ Q1 w9 n8 i) P
' j+ |: N2 V- `0 E7 L7 P: j
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)1 E" J1 b7 P2 n4 Z+ C5 m# p9 h7 T

9 O) }' x1 P, C2 s9 P9 L: g/ ZI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)% T6 ^2 Z' F* e& n- N7 N

4 [( y' m0 M+ b. a' J( ^$ JMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
: L* [# c4 {9 H, A, M% t5 V; k  i5 ]# r8 x3 I
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
/ _: f% m& w3 L8 V# }' W7 T9 @$ z4 U& Y
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)0 W$ c" o, p, J; W. Q. f* Z1 r
, w+ y  C3 h6 {: [9 F4 U& l0 ?
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)# b; p2 E4 R$ W2 f! D. d. K
7 |. w: V+ S5 I& q6 d4 G8 a9 G3 y
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)3 p6 `3 G# Z6 f# \' l7 V; J1 g
$ x' p8 e. Q/ U7 ^
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
8 _' w( c% w" J# W& x* }5 W/ m) B+ ]0 d& b& r
% R6 F1 s0 |# V9 K& g, U
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。5 j# w3 [5 m; V7 ?( r: S0 ]4 j. C2 y

% y4 L6 j4 U9 w例如:
+ ]/ D) g9 e1 z6 s- {  i( E; a6 g1 m& c2 J! @
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)7 l1 S: P1 D3 F2 k( S4 A% B

, m3 j$ I" u8 a) A" w) E  LDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
, P# E# K9 }7 l& ]9 q
3 r; c! j0 }" C: e- {) R5 rI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think): s7 \8 _( O9 {7 z  J  k

* j; m( Y8 r$ j* S5 NHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)5 a. }$ u( C( o9 l, d- [/ Q- O
! L1 @. o$ h/ o: B4 K, G
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)" n7 R+ A) o: r+ ~
9 Y( z" P/ o& u- E
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
0 A- g4 L. H) U! Z' h. u1 f' X/ P! t* o2 e/ z$ {4 w" ^) f
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)7 O! p+ |: D$ \- k- S) G1 m3 z

, U6 k; [$ N/ o6 {' p/ v如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:" g9 B2 J2 @8 w4 J* o; C" \
+ \6 z8 @5 x2 S0 @, q% C! p- w
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
0 ^) X" V& ^5 g0 r1 o4 ^: |" @
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.). L) g: X) C0 h- d- E

2 E7 R% r; ^( ~. I* F: x3 SHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)) s1 q1 E% z4 E0 X5 l# M0 ]

# f. Z* U& a: c' K, V0 n  y; zHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味), }& z5 i# [6 w' x$ v

2 ?. k) z& _( }4 X8 f! `  T# lWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)& Z# J% K+ B! }) ~. U0 y

2 c% k" m6 g: M9 U% s4 X, ]5 QEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)' H6 V' N. d) U& [
: I# J. o& q9 ?/ c" W: d1 v
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
' V1 {- _6 j; l. \2 ^
3 N8 V8 n$ j+ Z1 }& I7 D此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
" }7 |  D+ G2 E! R% ]4 A. b7 {9 y$ E/ J
5 ^( S: f4 e7 {+ ]+ n7 ~" P6 c
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」6 W% Z9 W( e; o

1 O8 Q. D/ Z6 R- V; {, L例如:
! n6 F6 B7 T0 i5 w7 l. ^* }( y4 ?7 ~6 H3 w6 g7 Q
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)7 ^( }  d( u8 n5 F  H

( O: e$ ]1 m7 u4 k, p& rManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
' G; b5 S! s% N8 w  p
; p% Z% ?/ W7 `% Q) u2 i" vThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
9 G3 E( K+ I; }( q  l. o3 g% w! T. x8 A* E& B8 C! h9 T
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)- \: {  ]2 o9 t1 p+ s
/ z  m, W6 {! Z
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。). x2 _% g) h) s. ~; |, u

! V* D- L2 s( S& B4 XPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)* l3 A1 T& z4 c9 y% t

: Z* B& C* s8 y1 QCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)9 g, [9 W6 K% @/ k- \1 t# Y

0 u& U: `4 c; Q3 _Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
: c  j% Y  G! Y( U# l' o8 m2 W# g  B/ {" J, C$ X
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
7 R4 R; `- g' i; s. g6 c, w
. z  Z( w! L6 n; _" H当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:3 E# {. P( y+ x7 l; W; r

0 V' Q( w8 ]8 r, z对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
9 n6 u( m* N* k/ }
" S, l# ]2 y6 l/ `3 E对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
7 |& F/ \" M$ g0 j7 M/ j& v% h4 _9 y4 ?9 q. K5 W1 m4 ?4 V
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
3 ?% M6 p( N9 F; i
+ l4 \! p$ \% [' M- B对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
( ~* Y1 X  p1 [: H2 Z  T6 Q
/ A0 ^7 W. v! y% [) A至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:: U& A+ @6 x0 |& h8 f

& ?2 }, R  f9 d3 P/ ]% Q还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
2 i7 T4 B% d5 P! L
2 H1 R/ \4 s: ^; e4 ?& ]! l9 f有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
: W6 |6 \% B8 `9 Y. c

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-7-17 00:59 , Processed in 0.063021 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表