AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头FB广告Spy工具⚡免费试用✅ FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 6260|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 6 M+ M2 G- f3 b' m2 g1 P! m- S
7 {9 o2 M+ {3 C* x
转帖6 w* b0 ~9 g' E3 f
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
2 m. H% b% d& f

+ F# b/ k9 r4 I例如:
  P! O6 @5 S- l9 f
1 ]* |7 q) B  E2 n7 wMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
; S6 u8 H" G8 R
2 R% x2 z- G) LThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)! C3 W+ T8 O( M6 F2 K, S. \/ ?

3 ^+ G5 m% q( i8 W: ~This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
: p. d9 b# [, ?8 n' b$ ?0 t& K
2 A2 o; n9 |8 _- M+ Y/ ]The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
! `/ s7 o% g+ Q
$ X2 s6 I$ P1 K' y, II have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
3 V/ Y. ]5 b" f! P% J: q* {4 B! d, c% E& m
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
+ i+ F% h; F0 b- o3 E+ q' P* w. U+ f9 Y
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)3 X( @+ o! I6 y; h0 z- a7 d
3 f: Q4 O, Z% `6 R6 Y
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
4 }/ i( x! h& k; J* H* L+ d9 r" F# |' R# d2 a9 E  a
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
) o# X1 u0 q* R/ c& V+ c2 }5 p7 F9 u9 h' c. ?
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
; h  m# f0 `9 V: Y7 R0 U
- T+ V+ J8 y  B: s3 z, y: ~这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
2 w! y: X$ s6 m! {! h
$ j4 G4 h2 |- S
5 R$ W5 e# d2 W) h, u& X, ?2 a2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
& X+ T9 q# j0 P& q0 U$ z
3 X' E. J9 Q  L" x/ Q9 C例如:. C' u* b4 e! p* q/ G: I$ e
6 c" X4 f+ J( E  I3 ~" r- T: Y
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
0 z! b7 z% ?3 O# U1 z
( _6 K% t& l. tDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)7 ], U) a0 ]$ N

8 F) s& j7 y% l- `& rI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
9 c: `4 Y7 q9 h; H9 J: `5 z4 g2 e$ q' S9 o
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)3 O  E' c! w7 I. t

1 ~5 d, Z$ C2 c8 TIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)& y' _+ u* A: w

6 X; t8 B% M( \$ A/ A! X; ^9 IShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)0 o5 z4 z/ g: f* A5 z6 C$ G  G% @

1 g- c: J1 u" J  i& A( v' Y4 b( PI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)9 s0 f: O3 L4 t7 ?. d0 {# U

9 D- E& `6 b" f如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
& z+ f$ v4 P( j! X! t
' C: m+ p$ ?+ E* A/ SThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)3 s) e) w4 m( j6 S

& x0 D1 r/ x* |% S! A4 ~The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
( c  {8 k( P; X5 d6 a8 ~' ?! E' X5 d5 y( [- U# l# d  K
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)) u# N% v: a. Y; r" u

: b6 R* Q* v4 d) `6 p. a, b+ RHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)+ `- ?' ]& N, Q1 D7 }" j9 _

& g. G* q8 r8 q! L0 aWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)( K6 o) P# d5 s

* ~. z& D7 U0 q+ h* pEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)# U2 d7 o  q( D9 k" g) C
9 h$ w$ r% O! E7 ]! V
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)- R7 b( {6 {, W& y& x7 g

, c. e# O% n  _' _: w2 G9 U) b此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。$ s% \& h  e% V& [, V
6 S4 w5 l: m: q7 H1 p

$ ~- T' |. c' v6 O3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
; ~2 q" \+ {" a5 L( W( ~1 _& I5 {9 p! h( h: x' V$ _
例如:" d4 p. K! Z) s% T: O0 a# E

4 @7 e  G- h- ?1 n7 O" ~, c! GMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
7 O1 m5 d8 _0 h7 q4 T
$ N+ j3 C$ e0 c8 h4 r9 v5 SManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
: |- k9 W5 f% G, k8 G5 r- _3 u; g% g
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
! J4 k3 n3 j' @/ [
2 ]) p0 V3 Z# Y. e$ G- XHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)1 F$ o- I3 E0 n9 O5 J  j) d8 p
% S$ x0 H( J9 a! t4 X
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
/ J$ F4 W. q* a' _5 o
9 |$ P, q4 @' H8 D  N/ wPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
9 y$ }7 F2 D. f+ n3 ^/ {* |: D+ z, X9 t% c
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)) W% [. K$ f3 I, a
: l: C/ {# M3 R( x$ H
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
+ ^$ ~% s4 E+ K! i$ R. \# n" h4 `) m( d" X- e- `
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
" W5 q1 a6 i( r. d8 n: ~! d4 Z
$ F0 B" f" W0 N$ q/ D8 o& T( Z) ^4 \当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:0 B9 n9 F: l4 w  _5 N/ J, ^
' S& H4 M1 n3 U8 G% r/ f
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
. g( Y' ~: g2 x* p( Z7 V& x% y) i9 m1 R
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;4 Y9 o" k+ W* {5 B

' A2 d. t! m( g3 [! e3 f+ n对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;! B, ~- t8 z' J2 [4 U

* Z. G5 H. j1 x0 U1 R/ `+ z对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;4 Q! e9 A( H* Q+ x# y

2 w' j2 f: k' Q- C$ o3 F, Z至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
" z. ~5 S4 k3 I. e* ^2 D8 h- \" x2 a- M. s
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。1 K$ N# \% c4 S! V/ m8 S
7 r7 I) h" p9 g- ?
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。9 y/ A# f; ^- j2 g/ s5 O

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-6-12 15:32 , Processed in 0.045250 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表