AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多FB广告Spy工具⚡免费试用✅ FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 6197|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
) l; P$ e# W! a: t7 \0 I
& x! T* s3 X- N/ h转帖2 m6 h8 V- V- E0 r, V- A
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

) R$ s1 N# K: j+ ^( `+ ?8 Y6 E1 _) s2 N- |# P
例如:% |5 X3 o# Z+ M# n
  X- O' h/ |3 n" b% n
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)3 i3 P% L# w# g

9 I0 O* e( A. v1 ^) n5 SThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)2 t4 v$ _3 |' W4 w

& v+ v1 M  n/ L! E3 `% z% vThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
* N) y/ H* I* y
( Y4 e2 u- |: D: `# J5 o( aThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)  {  L! m/ i/ O
2 y! ]) J$ x' ?( J5 T$ `
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)- C+ s  ~6 j9 ^5 \1 j7 q* \4 I

  Y/ t) k/ j) W, M- oMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
, z0 P* M6 B+ O5 P, T4 N. z
/ {9 d/ G5 w! ^/ {. y: R( UWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
5 W, j6 {' _5 V  q3 ?* @: ^' T* m1 E
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)) ~# _& g0 }% T! J- T

3 Y! V/ N# O4 k" ^* Q. nWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
) G5 K2 C% g, X# Y* U5 W' F3 z2 L! I9 T( R" W5 }) B
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)4 W( f/ r8 p- m- ?$ j8 f( R+ k, @
- S* N2 R! b, \7 \, g! Y4 q
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!! b" J! v) I+ j: y: ?6 o9 T
' ]) D/ d) U' k9 Z' y

. F7 o, m* W: e- B: @: Q( W& e4 G2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。0 k3 b, c3 E9 @7 J6 T
" k' R* A* w# j: b2 z
例如:6 q) L; k% X0 f: v
4 Q# y4 S: T: D) H
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)9 x5 S3 `1 ?8 ?  M  E) E
" @8 c8 d4 h2 n2 K( b; Y6 n
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
; a7 n0 o2 q; O7 T& f( K
" k9 @; S- ]7 M0 }* [3 t  l3 XI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
. k: D: {: V# r7 \. ^3 F) M" [3 u5 u4 I+ V9 W6 z
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because): m2 ?/ m: C0 A% k% `8 K- |
& H5 t" G/ B* X! E9 k/ Z
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)1 `' x& E0 s3 A7 L
! Z/ [/ M- C9 S" J! j
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
8 @4 u$ P* ^( ^; G  V
6 T4 {- O$ _& \- {I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)2 y: |4 ~+ Z4 m1 D5 G/ Z7 h" M2 ^

! d4 W! m( `' p如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
% K6 V) s4 t# c; Y& u8 K  x8 U# B  a3 I2 _
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
" X& I5 i" O8 }$ x: z) i9 c. M! u/ j8 x# Q+ P
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
+ q- u7 f! @4 @) R" q
# e" I7 |4 I( L( Z7 e2 MHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)# u% v% f" l  ^, w. S

$ u1 L4 `! q, K, A9 CHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
& l/ M9 B9 u  K& n2 Q, Y1 C5 w
% a* E9 L7 M$ d0 f6 z3 fWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
+ |8 U4 g" P7 p/ h4 s6 g' F4 \0 ]! \4 m, N0 L, }% I
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
4 o0 h3 I( {+ h9 X+ a2 z) b4 \5 B+ M' D! J! _  u, B
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
% A/ \+ i4 U/ }' @7 Z! S5 x) E2 f( ~5 X4 C9 p7 ^1 R) c
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
; Y6 {7 f9 r+ b) a+ i" \$ T
! x3 T' g( |3 V
: O1 v( F% P- d5 F9 [3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
3 U: v# u, C8 K+ S
5 I9 X- m6 `% i$ B2 C例如:
) V( x! P$ Y5 Y0 c/ v6 e  {; N" {' ~. z" n0 l! T& ~
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
# j2 H3 U/ O) x# P$ l2 U/ s& s/ P% n+ @, w/ k
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
/ G5 h5 p: l+ g* m
$ }% e: B2 T0 W" t  \3 I1 zThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
, @2 e0 C8 [5 k2 _+ E
  u8 G" ]" T  }# SHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
' J% }' u" J  n1 {& R7 v" V4 t" q1 n9 W7 g; W& S  R7 R6 U6 k
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)" t) |% r. `+ o+ E' Z

- Z; }) c) k2 w/ W4 u5 CPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)$ \0 g, s9 |' b& K7 S
5 D9 s, h. n: h' ~6 o6 M( V
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
, I0 D  g  a2 z( _: L* y+ E/ ~1 G2 }; g% ^
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)1 r/ V3 e  i1 K; W0 R6 C# `6 d

* P9 c/ {! L( }2 K+ Y: I8 p同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
; |1 {7 e& D' C: l. j# p( [1 Y  A) `( Z
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:( ]- s& ^) m) o6 U6 @
0 Z2 k" t: b$ U
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
4 q+ t; S0 U  S8 P! T; `  \
* @/ r5 z2 s7 w' A: S4 O对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
. f5 A* ~+ u; K6 n' @8 L# u3 t. h  V  c+ {7 \, j: B
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;" |3 |4 F6 ?: T

2 Y# V4 _4 q+ F对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;8 B& S& T) n1 }7 w# o' N! p7 x
* e& C3 x  j6 K  V
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
- Q4 O) V8 ^/ p! b
) d) V5 L% k) ?7 D9 `/ u还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。+ }- U+ a9 y$ ~; {, o; p- G' C) `& B

$ m' T& }5 \% L- w/ f3 g有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
' p! ~) s$ L6 G# c5 X! l. p% S# E

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-6-4 02:49 , Processed in 0.045018 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表