找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手
TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️
比特浏览器+云手机 |防关联防封号Facebook截流, 1 次点击 2 次曝光广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6528|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Deepclick
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 0 p: v4 _" U! C, h/ E% ]

/ U/ a9 c( x$ b转帖
8 h) i" G1 l7 q3 K1 C1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

/ I+ X4 D; L( f% R! R& k( k, e1 C$ U$ l, q( u
例如:; O( N" w# f, r$ w" \' n
" @2 c+ l4 [1 Z0 T
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
8 Q* ^4 l, t. o7 `! D
8 k% k1 T! l! K( j/ z3 nThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)) L8 ]2 {. j$ h2 b; w

& S; U4 K3 M. PThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)+ W0 o+ p: Z4 {& r& u4 A
1 m3 b5 l* K: t6 ?/ ^) E
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)" L5 s3 m' b, E+ e

9 y" a/ A% `9 |. DI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)1 U2 c' X0 I- _5 |. b% ?

! T! [* V/ T) EMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
; ^3 i# I; z$ P% w# b7 E6 a- x0 X: {6 I; }9 L
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)8 M0 I0 O; y' q9 Y7 y

# R3 \' D5 `2 Z- X) `* L9 ?* E* ZThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词); F8 I' V0 W! Y" j6 w
" y" G+ V, Z+ a
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。): M7 i! c$ R+ ~0 ]7 h

" x7 X/ C8 y4 E8 |Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
6 b/ ?1 Q; s' t( V' g. R: y1 r- A4 }4 D8 m, d. s& _( m
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
9 c) [: z4 `7 X9 E- k" u( W1 t) ^3 }5 _2 t" d6 P/ q( R1 T& i. }

4 b  K) u: |2 I7 p+ L2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。% I7 `0 e. H9 P6 X

, o* f4 Q$ w: _$ v例如:* k" Q  z5 @) ]. q. x! V; z' ^

* g5 M2 F  _# q7 j1 JAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)& ~* A) c# D3 M" _+ t' \+ p" S( I
6 }5 e/ Q! F8 E4 U
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)7 O# a! |$ G& j8 N% G3 R6 D5 o

0 ~- u% H5 @  K- \: bI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
" o2 ]0 E1 [# z9 K7 z7 F: ?% d7 Q
! B. o' t* Q. X) PHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
4 ~' o' Q3 d4 X0 c% t
! H5 k: l+ G) K/ [. zIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)2 [) X6 o  i1 f8 G
# e' A3 ]- K- i
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)9 [- O* o( ~6 v* k; X' u3 m

. x$ a: D6 t& jI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)8 V4 G& _2 V' g
; `( Q* p. D" a
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
0 |0 p! z7 u- ?, F8 g: i' A- e: z* ?: F; }5 @0 V; v) ?
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。). d, g( o$ d" p3 b' ~' F7 A, X
' _% @8 B( T' a5 u, z. A5 U4 |
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)& D. T8 l/ _/ S# ~% p* ~9 H' h9 M
1 D) G7 _& s' P# x& V, c9 W
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)1 Z. Z) P( m9 ~7 h, G( S8 K/ {
' J; u: n8 ]2 M
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味). M7 ]5 \  D. O9 E# B; }

5 m! H$ @$ q, f5 T: R& Y7 lWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
6 i$ b3 W8 p. Y; s4 b8 g3 I  u) b+ p; x4 n7 v& s+ V
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
" c- I3 u; Z3 S* V  E/ |. c  I2 z9 k6 L
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)8 c% _) H( C" G' a( W

1 t  c3 D3 X) _2 g( }6 |此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
4 S: q9 x) ^+ t# h, Z+ x! F/ D
  S- E' I5 r! W. d) y3 I' Y; u7 S7 [% y' c8 w
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」/ y2 Q% a6 P, }$ X/ N1 s' T
5 P  Z% s( D) I% _
例如:4 a* {+ |2 S8 m
% h( @3 y- z9 B. q! S0 m# B
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
0 O( |$ B6 j' o
  a6 p( \' d7 h7 B2 r; |6 U/ AManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
9 u( q* b4 u1 P' o8 J9 o! _2 L& [5 X2 J" Q! G  J. J; B% e$ K
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)- o# ?' \1 c- r  z' A4 Z$ p

% h" P1 ~1 m9 X" U' U$ ]6 ?5 ^He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)1 F* g4 k# O" T% s# j5 R

: l5 u0 T* y, ^4 k$ lMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
7 N$ h: u) N8 s! r5 n
, }1 i1 f& y  {6 Y4 bPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
3 U! c/ M3 w8 W, l9 e% l, C
1 c) C( o; K6 K1 _- M$ h4 ~- eCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives): X& R2 ~# e* G* k' b, j) Y
& o; W3 U; s* `: k3 k& C. I
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)+ ~# U/ C% S& w: o1 p) B+ O

" V# D+ i- K- _6 B5 c' `同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。- B6 s; r' q. P

, [+ r) `. l: l. i4 j: L( U/ [& A当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
/ g( Y/ Q; K1 D0 `% O( d. o9 W, U/ K7 H: m9 @. }
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;& q: c5 Z$ X) S0 J

% E# J# w6 @2 R/ N7 K9 s7 v3 h对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;) ^; l" q( M( r* j5 `5 a; D! {3 }
7 o+ q% Y! ?  c4 a7 B4 Z
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;8 k2 e  C# E$ E0 X0 D$ x

8 V/ f" J* W; c+ ^对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
' }) j$ m( Q& F7 G) V$ u, _
3 T9 M3 y- C$ H( U% L$ @; s至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:/ B1 T% m7 I6 i7 j& M
0 y3 x$ B5 S! r! M+ j1 G7 w. `
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。+ V7 s7 v- Y, x9 t2 O" X

6 d3 H( |- ]' s% \0 x8 Y5 [; _# J有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
# j" o+ x/ X0 [% H! O$ Q6 x( m( i. _

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-7-15 04:09 , Processed in 0.060376 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表