AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
高品质·稳定高速纯净IP FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️跨境债务催收/风险代理高权重Google老户[卖户+筛户等级] 海外斗篷・智能广告过审率高达 99%
DataImpulse⚡️纯净住宅代理仅 $1FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 5776|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
* l0 g. z8 {  n; t1 q
5 u7 ~$ i$ I% ?& c8 S转帖
0 D! p- d! a6 {  X' }1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
3 u2 I2 J& U* _

1 ]4 v: |% b  G, y6 B! i3 z( Q: S1 ~例如:$ M! l( a7 ]1 ^! I

' W! e/ i9 a- p5 ?1 CMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
9 G; r* B% y# T/ w8 |8 j6 J
: z6 X! M+ y" P# X, ]: A7 vThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
# \+ u3 D& V! g; z# M/ A5 l+ P  r- ~% |, c1 \1 [
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread): h, x& y6 i" ]& }( S) b/ F1 p/ ]
1 L/ e& `1 f( h3 `4 L- b4 H
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
- |' ?0 I4 J7 T+ {$ l/ H0 @9 t
2 ]! {2 O* j5 NI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)3 p9 d1 t& P- h" r6 h+ L

9 O. P  }( \( p  YMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
$ [7 w, z8 ]1 f5 r9 K+ Z
6 X9 x. ]6 B7 @3 f# L6 I7 C5 MWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)- l) e3 k; K! F2 S& ?
% G* c( r1 R7 o. _7 v9 s
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)9 ^2 J$ D3 V! ?  i

0 o4 I6 C, z& s" q* P4 q- cWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
4 D; t& m! C1 X1 F
) ]) M) |6 p1 c- k! MPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
8 G7 [0 L% @3 U% a
2 n; _8 F/ y2 s' Z这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
2 R2 |% ~8 i  H" T/ J! T
& ?4 e6 L' A! v  l( h% q, }9 v- K  {* d5 h2 B
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。7 I2 k2 G! q% S% l1 x/ d, K

/ a1 F; }; s) b' H) `例如:
) X; S" w3 }- i2 u  s& \( M' G: u3 H2 M& R1 V, t$ H; F
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
# [* K1 F' ~2 |& q+ o7 t
7 }9 @6 m" Q, P3 Z8 ~Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)+ d- `  {$ w3 {* ]: O: j7 B% Y

: M4 r; {9 e! L3 ]9 {( _+ a+ r8 KI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)4 C5 @) O  Z. v

4 R* M; b% u+ m4 O! o+ B9 pHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)% G2 Z7 g; _! Q/ b8 s5 c; i

$ i; I7 I4 Q6 I8 K# i6 zIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
; P; j/ [" |" w6 e4 A
, L( q7 ~3 P9 {; Q: b' m: @She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
/ z) s$ y2 D/ p
' J; R0 t+ r( {0 B& D& g3 L  y2 OI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
4 T' e+ g6 k) B& x: d! I7 S) D: S  l! ?6 g  @; F/ f
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:$ ]7 }$ u) |% A$ T  C

* e2 D4 u  `2 M8 p  }, S) j8 \The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)8 o- Z5 D( o, F$ s7 d0 B

$ x8 H& G* ~2 `9 S& cThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)1 q: }; k* F0 P& k. U8 ~4 L

" I6 J( W  n' N& T+ OHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)/ I/ f! s5 b$ s1 K! X) X( [  _  }

; e6 {# E' O1 |  K# E; MHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)' j) R; a' L7 R- [$ F. }: X9 e

+ d: ~8 X5 W, N7 p* N* O$ MWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)$ `* a) T) o' J- z" Q# P" u
& P( N8 |" B/ }% l$ x7 X  L! P0 q* _( m
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
( X4 J) Z$ y$ q) }% K- q
. @" C1 i2 ^+ E写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)# ~# k6 B9 {. g$ C& E  e. A, ~8 M

% Y/ R# K# Y% L; c* S此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。$ F% ^$ s5 y7 f7 d  N/ P, e; [

$ T' X5 u. c5 U# ~0 ~$ k7 y+ }3 h- q1 E: B( |
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
* Q+ T( |! E( R2 [8 S# z$ x) d( \: b. G* X" y/ \
例如:
, I4 w6 G6 E6 J: m1 p5 W/ z/ N5 K" G2 [( j4 e5 f/ }
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
( i2 y% L0 ?" H8 O$ D- A' m
2 K/ e: Q7 p1 `9 j& N4 nManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)7 q2 o" M' R$ H$ X% r6 |0 Z

1 P* m. X- T+ D' kThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
+ _$ x$ t+ o2 t- S2 l' ~& }8 u5 S2 P4 j
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)% I" l' f, `  E
9 I- T" ]6 `* B6 Q  S
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
: }- D8 N3 T* J0 X- b$ z3 r/ [, ], Z/ a/ R0 W# `4 F
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
) ?1 M7 m0 _. M: J; M/ s$ Z
$ |$ q# w% j1 d# V$ C" J" e# l5 n7 N- CCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)% T3 B" M( n' O( D  e
' l# F0 H8 e, X, y4 F6 n( C: K, j
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
& [5 m( F* e' _. r) }8 I8 ]; [3 p! x# W3 a- d+ s
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
7 r6 t/ ?' b1 z* d" ]& N4 N3 G" I$ ~5 [7 c  r; M
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
9 d" j4 s7 P9 `5 R2 s
9 {  T/ q2 H2 j. j  n5 L对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
2 u. Z# c' e+ A' i# I3 a1 n$ M
8 F, n. z* F* O1 ]& e1 r$ A3 r& C对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;# F" H9 i3 F, E- I
' }) `8 g, ?* A
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;: b7 P% j  \5 ?

, u2 r5 G+ e0 y8 E% F: T6 b/ p对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;; @( N0 u& N3 K' X
; k5 W5 Z+ o7 Z; O1 w" W) Z
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:  b/ p" c) U! _2 u8 A/ o  o: {

& ]2 d# b) t1 N6 Y. x( o: h还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。& p+ R: e- }* U9 t# K$ _7 y

' C4 h6 J) j% O' w7 N有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。; N5 o  z" @; J* \( A: T

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-4-6 13:44 , Processed in 0.046064 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表