AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️FB BM不限额,短id账单户BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户
FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量优质住宅/移动代理/高匿名/高性能TK白名单老户|兼职广告可投
⚡比特指纹浏览器+云手机, 4.5折起T3NZU:定义应用网盟新时代FB个人号源头服务商寻找顶级电商?AdsBranded等你!
TK老户/国内外端口/预审/加白广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构
查看: 5175|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
HuiTong虚拟卡
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
  l* ?( l# }' @  F5 y6 g3 D9 y5 j' z3 V5 C4 Q! i. X  [
转帖
7 ?! h" j5 @5 ?! ]! E1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
4 h: H, @& q7 i0 \
: T& `9 F/ H( u( m9 J& E# t9 f& W* D
例如:
: D4 P( L0 r# o7 w% r
$ p+ G% o% j) O1 ~' }$ S5 zMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)/ a* H2 ]8 R) D* g

+ f; N! c1 V% {9 O- h' MThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。), X/ B; m* n2 o! T) F  h
* P7 f- M% j* S8 a
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)( ?6 e7 x, j  ~, V( @
) T* T; u/ i( i4 y. D; B
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)# K) l. ~; h0 R( x! C: f0 r
! G- T: @$ }, q. x, A4 J
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)- S3 E) D6 L6 q; p# X

: _4 |$ Q' D( B! u) K7 rMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)+ q' U. c0 e2 f& T$ U7 F, t* J  M

3 C4 r4 L8 H- N0 DWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)2 v9 V$ u; G! a; x% P  P% j
+ q6 O/ ~# I) Y1 e  ^+ u/ ]3 X- P
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词): ^3 h2 Z: u6 q5 P  Z: I

/ }* ^/ Y. i  O1 M! t% PWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
* H: f3 Q1 x% U# r3 ^/ r5 a2 |7 P: @1 a3 z
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)* g/ G* i( F2 P# v3 {0 e8 o9 k

; q! D0 }) {# a这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!2 i  {/ ]3 c' M: |# X

2 l; T1 d* m3 S: i! f7 L  w  Z; E  R8 u0 D9 _; j3 t' R
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
; n; T9 z! F1 {5 p; K, r4 L# x2 H
例如:& ]" S' i$ }" U

6 a0 j' J$ C) {9 U% Z# A- ]At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)# F( H' I5 k5 H4 ~
; a; ^3 H$ i3 X! l, S2 J
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
, i6 I- E7 E! q5 e8 x/ [' L" ]$ W- [6 ~
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
8 z8 c4 ]+ i: z
8 E5 k: W( X' T% M/ T4 l4 H6 w: iHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
6 o" [; }  }4 {8 k" d% i
3 ]9 e- s& Z* [' dIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
2 B1 p4 e& k7 R' |' n7 {( b& i, O, O/ H: e
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
3 l  b$ U; C/ F7 L/ [; z/ |8 r) f
: j$ t& D4 `4 J$ Y+ O6 XI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)9 _! g2 b$ j# U9 l% b- Q
( Q2 C% L9 z; t% j' |. r
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
% Z* D" o" W( T8 T- F# l, ^& v9 }
8 D* T7 ]% p) V' u$ U! NThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
/ u( i8 B" r6 O! C. N. h
8 a* O  ^5 g9 V3 wThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
5 s7 K' b  ?, y6 b$ d
( o# R5 |* l" y5 L8 QHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)' v1 P% h# ^& x" \# g) V3 t! v8 F

6 V: Q$ e& o! \' AHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
$ K  [- _0 Y' U' B! l' Z% q/ k2 A2 Z) p! u+ i# }, r% k
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
/ J/ W! s/ M3 J- m) A
! A) W3 M3 i# }6 e  b* @, TEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
% N2 j$ s$ Y0 ]" \! P" l
+ I' X: @' b# b! j8 k写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
, W3 ~, v% }7 |4 }( N4 n
: q$ \7 h+ V& K4 r( O0 P/ `2 l+ w此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
8 k  c3 k( w( p& M0 ~6 P8 y& q. _7 ^# h( P* J

( c% [( F& ], D1 M0 x* v  @3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
0 U6 U% G# d  B( e8 Z! {1 `. M  s  C% W
例如:) S3 `6 o. ], ^0 t/ P4 ^
1 A% `5 P7 h% |4 T* _- b
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
. C3 T3 d% w% z. E% \
" ^! F- p8 G$ l# [4 P$ cManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
/ Y. `7 e( t: c
5 b) R2 V8 ?/ w+ N& d5 J4 wThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)8 h' O- n+ F3 q3 p' I8 h/ I
0 l6 j) ?7 `+ J0 Q- c
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
- N2 i" t' j. y! H, {  f; o& {8 M+ v) ^! ?" L
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
  E# _" _, a+ L1 y% H4 \5 z5 m" ~% t% d
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
1 S9 a" U0 V5 W* ^! L& z* |: n/ r; [$ \7 q. R) N
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)" V  M$ D0 \+ @
! _4 B& q  d* u; N4 n2 Q: [  O
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
' a( H, o; _% B) x' e6 _) T0 u9 W/ F: |' f: x4 A6 c& s- x  O
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
4 }8 {" t0 T9 t4 K
9 ~  i6 R% {2 |: n8 `) n& T当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:. H: F5 p/ f$ y3 N6 A8 i3 ]

, ^% T2 p, L7 A) H对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;  Y+ g: b  l% w" g& T
8 P* `. J4 E& a" M+ `7 T, |' v6 A
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;; C( Y) @2 t: `) ]& f& Y% l/ h

: K( ^0 d0 S$ k对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;  r  m5 r) Y, [

' X5 ?2 x3 x3 I9 b) W8 a1 J, ]对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;( M* l' @2 P4 I. X2 c" I

* q3 Y9 ^: q5 G4 x3 P至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:+ B+ i  N; {: w( s$ A% u
8 \2 m) @$ B0 i2 C+ c  ^
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
$ R, N- s  N; ^9 i  \
: u! t2 d0 X3 v& L  o+ q- t有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。$ j5 {# a" f8 ~$ f0 m7 M9 d! T5 `

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2025-12-18 05:50 , Processed in 0.049471 second(s), 18 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表