找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPTK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户源头
广告位出租虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 7245|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Binom_AdvertCN
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 $ a; W& k4 w: P2 x5 C0 x9 [

. w8 @3 u! @* x' S) V/ R$ u/ ]转帖
8 O1 I; H  i8 G# ~1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

; z" D0 S2 n: G$ A  s# Q) M, g; z, ?( Q7 t
例如:9 ]) u0 m6 @0 d3 H) M7 C1 n; A& t

0 H! `' a" J" R5 MMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
) X1 h) _; z, I. S6 \( P' E' P5 c% y. m9 T2 n
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
' d- v1 `; s2 t5 N
( I; R" M  H: kThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)+ n8 n' i' R$ n; p4 p
6 ?0 y. g4 W1 T, B4 w7 Q: p6 M
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
" Z) O$ r2 f0 Y# j# W5 Q/ H; s3 p7 M3 u" O6 `- ?0 B0 w
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
3 b0 x1 F/ k7 A+ T/ V, ]! y1 |
" d2 K  y" D" A/ U) x* Y+ N9 B/ VMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
# M0 `$ E  j9 c6 ~5 o
1 `# f) |2 T/ D4 ~: |: Q0 t! L7 dWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
6 b$ v, Z' `4 m6 G8 `2 ?/ F' N5 K& W! l: W, \7 H) ?1 L
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)# Q$ A: m" G# b9 I9 A
! K4 E6 n) N5 m7 E# {1 i
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
' P; X$ g9 q  O% V- Y! Q
9 A" G' B4 g6 ^8 V4 Y3 RPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)/ {$ h: Y7 i( p
& ^3 g$ y7 w9 V2 N2 g7 [) t: p/ P
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
5 C$ o4 E  U0 m& o. @- L- U9 r3 ?2 F
5 D1 ^% j4 U) Z$ Y" g2 V* }; b( n4 z$ W
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
0 \# Z: A! _& `! J
6 W* q4 x5 h8 ]( I6 v例如:
4 h, E- g4 r+ j/ m( V( v+ D7 H  t) o' }% q& w2 I9 p# W
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now). P, q8 M9 ^# r( N

: Q6 C+ O: I$ g9 a0 CDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
- O6 b/ i9 B, Q* O
; g, I4 H0 a# o. u& n$ C; B' iI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
% ~+ O$ c) T+ L( b" M  k/ V: t/ T7 g* p, ]4 n; t7 ~. O
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)" o$ I: H5 u9 M
# \" e# ?4 D" K9 N
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)4 Z+ @3 L- f7 E; [9 m, i9 B
  z6 p5 ]. H  W# ~$ K
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)% i% E6 D/ W: X# D8 u
6 ^* _5 o9 G& l, d$ D
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
0 p: p$ j# c3 K1 A" D& J3 N' B' e' v
  j/ X3 C; s& g  @  P如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:7 o* y' d2 y7 z1 }# X- M4 N& h2 q
' I; r- m/ B" `; O
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
- C' m. _6 s2 D+ s9 v/ s
' A  }0 t# H1 n- d8 v  uThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
4 g2 h1 I! t  r, y  d) J( s  O- S* U8 m) E, U2 E% g5 r
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
$ c6 U3 w& K& E# b/ W
# D& i! I7 W3 s# B) QHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)7 R: X& t* }2 w. s$ v

7 J3 f4 p1 @. t9 o$ Z; UWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)) C! p8 R2 |; Y' v/ q9 J: o
3 N' z7 ~) `% W2 j; H4 v
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)- K: g: B) q' @0 |  Z
6 a! K. b8 A4 Y0 O. e# C
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)) z1 q8 P% i+ t# Z" r- Y. @/ K4 i. v
! S% f: e3 T7 [, z1 W" W. U
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。4 z3 n1 z  @& x7 P7 K

, D* a, e; k5 y: O; Q6 r. x6 f& e: p5 S& I6 j! u5 t9 Y- f
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」。' X8 D1 H( M9 \+ q

7 p1 L$ g3 k" t' X1 ?* g例如:
/ L+ |# k  L! R
8 _4 r+ x1 j9 ?. O7 ^4 v. NMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数): g- v+ u( o# T7 H2 z. z+ @, y

5 @: X) m- M% B" R* }6 ?1 D, aManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
( |0 P2 s* B/ J; |) |2 U5 {, r
( Y% |2 @; S5 |/ z: N9 WThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)4 {+ m$ b1 C6 J, F: T0 u
+ b$ ]) Y- Z- A; z
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)5 y4 U4 A8 {7 o, {. G+ U& e, {' k+ B4 W
) ?$ J9 [" `# o. S* }/ e/ _) B8 q
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
& }) `- Z6 c8 z9 r3 P
2 J# ^4 W; b+ u- W6 p* p( a/ T$ ?Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)" Z' m( M% `, H) z2 I- c
$ C* h% E4 h" F: g- m4 w" [5 O' Q
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
" U4 z6 K  d- E/ k' W, J0 y) V& U4 j# L2 e$ W/ V1 j
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
: g; q" d& N$ o! _% u' h+ b1 b& w' g9 \. s$ B. \
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。; X- l6 i3 B9 R- ]% B/ j9 e
: y, ^/ k5 ^/ r( J5 |
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
# F9 i; b" A" e6 c, [, ~/ p6 `
* q2 X4 X3 f8 @+ ]" a6 @) l. I对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
: U" P8 c2 @( @7 T. S2 R
+ k! a( T( I" j$ @. V对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
2 E0 m; ~! f6 k) P
( a" O1 ~# a% j$ G8 D' O9 c对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;, w* W6 u0 a2 W. M+ |
3 n6 t/ D6 a8 U! F
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
6 T5 B$ h8 z) s* D" f: u( I' v8 j% k- |4 r! Z; v# {) i, b; t
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:% H, l9 U8 `0 K' b& z& O
5 m8 c* O9 l  O; R
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。# L1 b! s' d* s( \: U( C( M
) Y& N+ y9 k' l2 X
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
* E9 u3 X' e. o9 T" b9 A6 }. \6 J8 C; b8 [

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-10-13 04:32 , Processed in 0.062723 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表