AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手
海外CL企业户源头FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量FB广告Spy工具⚡免费试用✅
FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6127|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
( c( \  k& v6 m8 X" Y- j& U# N3 L0 w/ \- |6 ?; i. ~' `  U$ K& q
转帖
/ [1 H3 ]5 I: w3 L% _# i5 {. Y1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

* _$ K  ?/ E" A' f6 W$ L* v; L
+ y- L& S$ i% ~- T: `" r( J7 g- \2 J; A例如:' ]0 j( \9 Z" d  k: I# j' [

- X; c0 I: ^( I' QMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
# c+ x3 m: ^3 }9 Q
" h8 s( D1 w: ], d$ qThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)- c# q- L$ t, g5 W+ v
6 y) @7 L9 _! F5 b4 O
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)) v: ~1 D- A, O; s: y5 E7 h

5 }6 M2 i" R+ d9 f2 B3 k4 U9 U2 G) WThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)1 P0 R) J7 @" z$ W6 [6 u; M+ E4 O
) e6 V' T' }( p+ J4 Y
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
" v' ]7 }. p, x& S, B( K) L" ^$ u" M" s3 V
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
: z# \! N1 X  \& i
  ]; \9 z8 M' P. F, Z0 L2 t% z: SWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
- |( `% I: v* Z) \6 i: {: ^1 F6 j; Y* B- a% v. _2 C2 v
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
: q! `: n1 Z' }: G: P# F5 J
: j& y- C/ b2 e5 d9 IWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
7 R* C3 N# T% j9 D( ], g# \/ \% h" M7 F5 _" B5 \
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)5 d7 y( K# d' l* V
8 ~9 n! Q! p  `, k
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
' }$ |) d- l; c5 f( l0 j' U0 a2 N# W# p% d5 J+ ~) H- @# v
1 X1 D* [" H" S( ^6 F; u+ O4 W
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
- v8 q) x, |& m* L: g2 j) N
8 t& h' D3 v0 c  {% H例如:
  D; t! t& D" B) J+ M- _
+ T: C5 j& A2 }$ u; \1 e- _9 `9 I8 qAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
# [1 y! f4 X0 `' P7 K6 S* V: s: @& k- W
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)8 {3 d$ Q2 @. z1 ]
7 Z- @. w( @% |: o8 S8 I  \
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)! H! @/ i2 O7 ^1 T

2 |5 w1 I" w+ W$ AHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)3 l( ]8 V/ a5 i- \* e. H

+ c( E0 E6 ?7 y, GIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
/ l( @9 q8 b+ F
) a2 r7 U* J1 M! G4 |6 nShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
! o# n* l: ]; W' \/ |3 T) w  v8 {5 |% w& d' X
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生); O. y, K% [# N7 W* |& y0 Q9 O
6 L" n+ E. w/ C1 @- ?' d
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
( I" w2 v7 h" Q7 ~% p' q, D# W2 `* g- t. T% l4 O( X8 R
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
; w! x5 h' u2 J0 w
6 X- U$ b, Q9 }The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
" E) p4 ^! U$ g" u  U$ F9 b: J
! {: w1 e$ a, Z- N; Z7 qHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)2 d: m, t0 N3 s% x

$ f+ O8 A8 V  z1 }1 f2 EHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)% Z3 O$ j- O' D" f9 p

3 f' f: p+ h8 I+ z6 o# v( L0 gWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)& p/ I$ N/ E2 Q5 R
) F. v9 N2 R! O1 l0 G$ L+ Z
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)/ x7 l7 v: C: ^) c
6 j' g7 Q+ e) I" W2 C
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)7 S' Z: F0 s6 m' j% K

# @/ K/ ?: \+ @" x( [此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。4 ?9 u- q7 d/ A- ~+ J9 ?) C

* V* [5 m! w3 N3 I8 T
4 O9 q. q, b# N9 D: G! R3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」1 y$ [2 I* }- [( m/ Q

9 D6 K( a/ k7 g例如:- J3 _, F" B$ f9 z% O

" u) S$ N- b) e  X: ZMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)+ k/ `7 {/ l( D2 W

. l" y5 l) t* X/ I* GManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)- k4 \9 J  w% ~* N

$ M3 `8 i7 b& H+ P4 ~This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
6 z7 M8 S9 W- p: @- R
/ o  Z- J" t; t# A4 @) W" uHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
4 ~. e- u* }6 n) z, w3 `" M  [- [9 y4 [1 x
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。), f  s$ y. B; D  ~. C* {' y
3 B" Q. v8 |; d* y( @
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)0 s0 L! Y) \  h: A: D2 U

( V8 z" w5 j4 R, P% }3 GCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives), A  c8 K7 z/ J0 @; _! h
: ^9 f$ S( g0 H# t, `- d: _. r4 K
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
+ p5 r1 E5 t+ L, Q1 c# \/ }8 S9 z0 h
1 b: i& b# M3 j/ H  I3 `: d9 w同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。6 T; L/ V4 g' x, K7 U: b% W

! e4 I) R* x; h当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
7 ~* [. V3 V+ n0 H& N- K$ r- `4 m) f. e" k4 H
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
# p* T: `  f  B2 Z5 i. m! u/ p7 h% y
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
* V0 I& ~) t8 @( G0 f3 {) G* [6 K6 N0 j8 O. l9 W% m& s
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;2 U$ d1 t; I4 I2 I6 k
' d& C- j$ U% T+ ^9 u
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;! k) P9 S' V% b6 l9 |! C

) G6 E3 Q, ]. M% S4 ?. r至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
* y( |+ J+ K% R3 l) E
  r0 s. |; N$ S6 [' V还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。4 W# w: e! L! u& D

5 {( b3 J7 D7 H5 i6 d5 s有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。3 L* r- d) n  s- j5 l8 g

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-5-26 04:47 , Processed in 0.047056 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表