AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手
TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 6415|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Binom_AdvertCN
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 & A  N) @' z4 s! p( p% d

  q$ }8 V* M1 S) w' A转帖
* i* P0 S' m; s7 j1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
, j+ l$ x8 q. v& `3 Z

2 Y  a$ R1 ]7 c; h2 Q例如:/ r! l$ O6 m: Z' r" S, H# O

8 h5 q8 m4 x1 A' K/ sMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
8 I! q- |: k% @3 X: n8 K
+ n* s5 E  T8 B& d  Z6 R9 D/ eThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
" z7 p6 A0 C# o
9 U/ X7 u& H1 W5 f$ h9 P- WThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread). ?  ^1 V7 ]& g4 d: O

+ d2 {5 _/ {9 O6 @The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)6 _: b' x# Q# o1 e- e7 M
. k3 Z0 p! {: v: R; Q
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。), D: t0 b4 j' k4 q# @: f  M
# {( L% X1 J" H3 Z# v
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)& ~' P3 y+ r' T5 C6 y$ U) G! T/ _# ^

1 L' l+ M4 M" D3 w4 QWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
+ F! ]7 B* q# X: K- g: ?- q/ P. ?8 {4 K3 u
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
1 D% I- C" u5 H$ C) `3 H- L
, o8 m  W* g9 P: U' f( `! qWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
1 O, z; z9 f: d& p/ A$ [
$ b2 }1 k; |. s8 |$ V7 h+ ?4 \) t- zPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)+ k$ E7 M8 B  ^. u

+ n' A5 u* A2 d这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!2 @9 \' u7 z% C; p$ ]
% l  M3 ?3 n/ j& M" @

: _, y3 [+ q; @% N2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。$ f" F! b) S: e/ c" U' {

) J6 r) i' g/ Z- E! v5 _) U例如:
. g) W+ M" A+ T$ b$ T( U/ \, ^1 O; R& m! W$ }" d+ N, Q+ @
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
* h. Q9 ?) s4 H) K2 x
9 _& @; O' @8 cDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)% y; f* T1 u( e! p

( w5 H  X- _. S0 b! }* JI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
1 }$ m) O8 V* b* ?
9 H0 \' f+ S: U7 h+ R, i/ k% l$ \; pHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)$ h1 H0 a' j, e, q& X- y8 a( G: r3 D
1 _* g0 n1 @+ t' O& ]& M
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
$ T  g" y: X) G8 K3 b
  _7 X& w; C8 @8 l6 pShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)/ ?. t6 Y" u+ b1 ]; o0 }6 h

" i  b5 ~( @- xI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)- s- B" ~# X" e6 ~' f
# U. ?0 L- l+ A' H% j) a
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
  S$ C$ d# \( J+ t  J. i1 E% t6 n3 }! F1 x6 f4 r
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)5 E8 v6 U0 m0 ]  P, u
3 D+ v* K! k  }- A
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
: j3 W, X. y# D4 C; R6 u3 l, E) k/ K: C) S1 X* D+ z- e
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
+ `' W( `2 B2 p* g- f8 I, P7 d; E
) ?/ c  r+ d+ I# Y% ^" H& |( C) nHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)4 b7 K' w8 x: n$ z+ O5 q
) ]; |  a2 _0 {! s$ _# A
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
8 I' C% V- i0 A
1 Y6 M' q3 a: |# S4 Y6 xEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
- b  Q. k9 J6 b0 X( W  {6 U8 U4 f% z
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)! L" z( o. l4 f( l& B

; n4 J9 }+ w. {3 Q- |( z9 B此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
; ^$ T' ^9 X( _, `# C- m% V2 o) S+ i
9 m1 s! b, j7 P3 [
& X7 l% e" U# G3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
4 a2 @- d6 y# B' {- @! x% r) F6 N5 `1 @3 \5 Y; n. p, A: U) d( M+ M# R" T
例如:
# ?5 I1 r1 k* ^. l% x; v" M, m7 \+ s9 k
" N8 ^8 R  f- u7 MMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
6 h* W& g. K; i+ @+ ~! V* m3 @" P) p. V- {( m8 F( v! F/ g/ g
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources), l9 U* W  F$ d5 I3 P
) ?, a) a2 z# v: m, @5 N2 U
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)! o. X3 j& o% t8 p

5 w3 M# b/ N1 y% w/ kHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)% {9 O5 M" v6 O& W

( j- U4 B8 K5 z5 Z8 t4 l1 YMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
* N% I1 A. w0 L  c( P: Q1 ~1 [  R" u: k$ U
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)/ r2 G; T- ]7 r* x2 p
$ U4 W( p" y5 S3 q! m, ?3 R+ `
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)) _  }% W$ b) {( m
- U4 X/ M% J$ h4 Y: f" o
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)4 J% @! c- I, O' R7 K  P0 A' N

* H+ R' g& F8 ~. c+ S& K% D$ ^( r8 P同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。& i/ ^: r/ K( |8 I) j7 A; t
5 l- ?5 B" A8 [# f9 @
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
- p" c4 W! q) T& X5 e3 k+ c: Y" ^+ u. t9 s( i" V
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
# J4 c8 ]; m$ _* c! j& o0 Q1 B
1 Q" Z" B) Y7 x' t. h& `8 Q) [对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;2 r! Y; B# Y! l2 e% u& X$ v

" R6 g3 e. F/ [9 ]# V对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
) K: x* G4 S" E7 k& M) [) o$ m4 W2 l" s- t2 D8 ?* }
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
! t# X9 I/ v3 |  M: v% Y3 Q, s, N, w  N7 C% H
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:1 z+ m! O* p$ o
% R! B6 o0 s* t$ A8 i) m
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。$ P, ?. t9 ]* S5 A

2 Q; z) C' b( j+ z2 q; \1 n有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。4 V& L' v2 Z. M' e0 M) `/ D

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-7-1 00:17 , Processed in 0.050480 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表