AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户
PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多高品质·稳定高速纯净IP FB个号1块一个
TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区跨境债务催收/风险代理高权重Google老户[卖户+筛户等级] 
海外斗篷・智能广告过审率高达 99%DataImpulse⚡️纯净住宅代理仅 $1广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 5689|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
HuiTong虚拟卡
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 + F8 O7 M+ r* D6 e/ Q! i

' k2 P5 `( K9 G( L. I转帖0 a# {  F9 x1 I6 S" n
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

- L2 u9 V+ T7 z* ~4 D
, H3 {& U; k: u6 |' p+ s例如:- o1 v- g, V* |# D6 V
/ D3 k0 H5 c1 N9 v! _: T1 ^3 v
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
6 O7 O- i9 Z7 M, v, ?5 |2 M: m( U
# f2 \3 F7 N9 |3 k! s2 S3 JThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)' m& P2 h: c9 U2 u& ]3 j

( M8 c$ S' q7 }/ ^This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
0 W# R. w, l. T" ~: f: l  F4 R, U: J! a2 }8 c2 `" d7 ?) f/ i
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)$ ?% @# T3 d5 U

, W) e, T4 ^8 I  ?0 dI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
1 A1 \  Z  w* t) p! F$ {  x' m7 B0 D, [4 d2 H6 K5 J3 B
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
* H- d5 F! _) B' p& y
+ i; \2 M* o5 s4 }, n) YWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
% j+ y6 `. D3 i( w
4 N- ?' L6 k5 i) U  z) `3 BThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
* I  I7 v& \% u* m+ e; s; o% u/ w
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
' o, q  L8 t, m- w* ~
8 P7 @5 g# ?% K( C! YPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)' C& P2 R5 b$ U9 E
5 `9 N% Q& y( T% P9 |6 d
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
* s5 s! `; T0 _% x6 ^# h7 T6 P
6 E/ s7 @! m/ ^* F7 ^) c5 R: w3 B6 E0 G3 f0 U
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
/ P( {, J2 W0 @+ d; y! A* J3 ]) j+ T0 T
例如:
8 e$ o9 A/ g$ J, T, }3 ~# Y1 ^7 |: L$ U7 \& b" E3 T6 e7 g" t
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)0 M0 f. M/ H: S5 U
4 Y5 Z: r) t/ i) ~4 a3 _7 X* [7 M* j
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
% S7 J2 d- }% H) i% q: i" k# q. f5 Q; c9 M" ?* p5 R7 s
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
. X( w! ]2 _$ `/ E5 G# a3 ^, [
$ m  C. B6 h0 ?( I$ s0 @- ZHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
0 J# h8 s8 s5 h: _! @( K2 w0 V) k) O$ _6 ~0 W7 |
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
1 E& d' a" V6 Y! X  t2 |) o' a8 e$ W. C1 `2 p; {( ?
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
% u0 u& Y$ B* v7 y
! Z+ E( y* F6 M% I- T5 I0 ~: QI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)1 d3 T! }+ |" d# b+ q+ r; y

( B8 m3 C0 z8 n7 _如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:$ }7 A2 b- q4 P5 t1 I$ n7 Q# A

) L% M% E' [7 C3 `1 r: H+ cThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)6 T2 k/ @$ u+ ]

" f& r) I1 L7 F0 Q  @$ y, kThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
! C) F) k/ Y" M# B& ^# H4 b
6 S2 }8 C' O8 c3 @# w" EHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)- Y: j# r1 v" V, ~+ C7 F

- v: T1 ^- f9 B6 rHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)0 ~7 b7 P( u* m8 ?/ D
/ S3 M4 z. P8 C% i' I" R+ H
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)8 ?/ h5 d3 i( [, y) {
1 k, w6 R- B9 ?  ?: N- c+ Q# T8 S
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收); Q7 a4 `% U  b, p) q9 R1 h
6 t* |0 c1 x  B" U
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)% j3 t$ S1 L& M8 I
  T$ j1 |% V& r  M" B
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。1 d( b* `2 R! V

7 ~4 [6 n% B3 f, i
, `: B3 T9 z; T$ a; X4 d4 k3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」5 N& t  l: H# m9 P
8 @- y7 ^9 n' h4 q2 ]% \
例如:7 H' h1 t) Z+ X& g$ e! b
) E+ A6 u; L0 y0 r% m& w
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)4 q& [4 d% G5 P! i
% Y% o1 Z3 n1 p& A
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)- ]$ X! }* O8 N% J2 O/ w8 q
$ D+ d* Q' t" J% D2 L* B. L% }
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)2 m7 F6 F, E1 `( f7 [
+ \; K; }" t3 N7 t  ^
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
3 y, j0 ]# k' s6 t6 G3 r5 e3 O8 ^0 K  f+ c
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)% d! l$ H. w- ?( H9 L; B
5 ~6 _7 R# a; h* D  ]
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)3 K0 X6 S: W$ u. l3 F. S: {; T

4 O0 i6 `0 z( A1 vCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)+ r/ ~$ e- w5 A& f' I0 v

+ X' ?2 Y6 _3 S. p" ?; X, t* g& f* nStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)4 {1 Z! l4 d1 g, B: T/ t

8 @: e2 {0 k. n; h同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。5 Y! E0 h# y- h" N1 M
( W( ?( \7 j" H; k' L# K7 Y
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:/ r4 M# P4 J) D8 a1 ~0 S5 T

% M% G- y; s' @5 v: h对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
. ^" p3 N1 k6 M7 s5 g6 J( A1 L9 ~% {" q2 F4 U* I# b
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;( V* k1 G: d8 C

3 w4 @" }) A' H, |( ~0 x' J对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
9 d2 a/ I6 d. v0 M# _% s5 Z8 O8 f4 q2 W
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;' j9 E* L3 V: {, C" D

7 {/ o% s# \0 h* ]- m7 G: ^至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
: q' N2 g5 ~# H# R: E5 B1 e
+ ~. Y4 {" Z9 ?& B- N还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
2 |+ H% N/ F- J: L! {! {  V$ C8 h- x" {
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。* i! h8 c+ k9 y3 A* z8 g

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-3-20 08:26 , Processed in 0.050244 second(s), 18 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表