AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户
PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多高品质·稳定高速纯净IP FB个号1块一个
TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作!跨境债务催收/风险代理
高权重Google老户[卖户+筛户等级] 海外斗篷・智能广告过审率高达 99%DataImpulse⚡️纯净住宅代理仅 $1广告位出租
8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 5712|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
HuiTong虚拟卡
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 " X  C# x) p& x* g
( I) Y, N3 K* F  R, o2 n) a. _
转帖
9 d' A6 q( X, s$ G- G1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

  T3 v  U: Y  j7 w" h2 T, A; T( @: k
例如:+ S# v! a: A# d$ K. A
8 {5 f" j- N( M* y. H
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)- l6 h+ O  W5 x( R

3 t3 Y& B  Q7 x- {( a' k# p" w% rThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
  ?+ t' e0 Z& p0 W7 m7 z5 d/ l; K0 h6 f9 ?8 ]) S. A( k! |& L
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)5 V# g+ E" k6 F& f/ G" P  x' x
+ ^5 F+ M' h7 ~7 q/ _) g% r) T. n
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)7 Q8 [# o, L4 v7 H$ o8 Y

/ d4 j: Z$ X" o, u2 P" vI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
% Q5 l) o6 p/ X  Y- X; P8 f3 O6 P! O
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)* f8 ^+ Z* T2 e5 t
$ R. C, C  ~; @* [9 m
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
" \, c* M$ O6 w8 A. ?! h+ I: w8 ~0 L3 T9 S3 F' x: u
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
- Q5 q( J" u! h& n$ a) u7 G6 j; @+ X% d8 h. T) O/ \1 E9 \
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
8 a5 M5 v3 q: X" \9 ~1 B& n1 {) K1 t4 E3 k4 T% q' b$ }
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
: ~1 P+ m" T0 e: S/ x1 h5 W1 U2 y5 M$ P6 |' S
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!& k" y. K( W5 ]% ~+ L1 p; ^

+ u8 W5 ~1 m* _9 e7 O& t3 P
; E3 s% e* z& }' ^5 w/ a2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
% b4 f) I  b* Y$ H$ c
6 e! A% ?! x8 p" H" Q9 [& J例如:
+ H  O5 m" G9 o/ v5 Q  i2 `. W; F1 S5 T0 v7 O3 {) y
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
7 l! o- g6 x5 L
2 T& i! h5 U0 v; `$ {1 Y$ eDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
8 b3 w/ B* Z, m6 H" k) g; N. h# j1 x4 q2 r, X
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)3 g& Y# P- S" p6 k
3 E8 P, g$ k! f+ B$ f0 T0 }
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
, s; M7 J" E& f  r8 O: r* `0 D6 J; [9 M6 T3 T9 b8 M! P: \
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
( m( W( A* R. l
  H! r+ X# G( G" v- [She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
4 G: S( ?9 |3 B/ W5 W. j7 ]% x' T9 c& U- |% q
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)6 x% c+ m( T3 Z+ ^6 q) u* r
7 L( n7 o: d- g$ z
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
- [8 w3 m6 O9 K8 D; m1 a) c
% h: |4 S% h/ j2 LThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
. N9 d/ _. z6 ?* b1 F8 z4 G5 o' `; s
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)+ @+ R+ h; T4 I! g# C( k

7 s4 j' d$ g2 Q- jHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
! W5 |# [5 n1 _' B) }1 k  q4 I- n' |, X, D+ ^# j) E
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味), z0 t: Q! l6 U0 S+ e9 B2 s
$ J" N( u: \; {
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
- T8 D7 W6 n) P2 u3 ^; ~. X4 A/ y3 C/ A! n1 |
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
6 f0 o4 f5 E* S4 Y3 B$ S
; h6 u- O2 T! N# r写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
+ r/ O5 M1 v. f) r4 {4 t$ l5 a) }( d
) M) P3 e$ e4 a; F  Q( |2 c此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。- G% J+ M5 z. c
3 d4 E2 d! h4 |% T7 }

3 D$ P' e) K# F, t3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」/ }* z$ L0 O1 S7 M) K) }6 g
- U% s% f% M# w, |$ a4 t
例如:
) e6 k: U7 S# `$ J
2 l5 |. E2 u/ }+ F( |4 _+ d' HMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)" R, Q5 e- M, T: k

4 G. B  x) d9 t1 {- p3 w, G( lManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
$ c8 ^/ Q# U0 A3 u9 l5 ~- @6 o8 l! T0 j1 f2 v$ F- h
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)4 E) M+ a9 ^* C$ Q
2 e7 p6 S! Z) p3 t- \% l, }/ Y; B, _
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
  g% y, J, x; I0 S$ Y
9 ?# y6 Y1 H8 r) `7 {# cMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)/ C/ a0 i$ |; n3 O& N# P

* f% P! G+ a3 ~  f6 _: `, [0 C. vPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别). s7 p, K! V1 w+ `

. i: i/ I; C# f# o" X( p! Y7 }( hCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
) A# s: \  h) b% U( M; q" [) k3 q6 R9 Z/ ?$ e" T
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)- m; T* T1 [# c; G( }; \
( |5 w  S  [$ \3 L- r
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
- l& x5 E3 V% C1 J' e
5 o$ S# \0 y  V, S+ ^. Y& t当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:" ^1 K* r; T! V: V; K$ Y5 E

! e/ @8 @" Q( `6 I1 u+ F对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
) h$ B7 C7 B) j7 Z) r- K( R" f5 Q1 S5 V- B2 }: N# M
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
1 g2 @- x8 R; y
; N6 \- l' T+ ^, o对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;1 L! p; k! L+ }, f
2 k  L: |  w. Y1 c$ D
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
. F+ G$ }' Q( d+ ^9 m/ S; |2 X  v( B  k! ]% I4 [8 u) ]
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
/ Y2 e: n) S& w' M& o
3 C% m* t( w& W' v. d+ U' O- W$ F5 R还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
! o, x1 K3 S( \* I: m/ ]2 ~+ f1 Y) S2 Q0 N! q. S& M4 S
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。2 I& Y( j4 \! C0 r" s9 X

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-3-24 14:41 , Processed in 0.049735 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表