AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户
PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量高品质·稳定高速纯净IP
FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
跨境债务催收/风险代理高权重Google老户[卖户+筛户等级] 海外斗篷・智能广告过审率高达 99%DataImpulse⚡️纯净住宅代理仅 $1
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 5723|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
) _+ j" ^9 x9 S3 i; R; t" q3 m& M1 L' n6 Q) Y3 a  [' e( X8 W
转帖6 d. p  S7 c9 Y! c! |$ {  v; c
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

# J% Y# f7 p. ~9 c2 _3 d, Q$ O+ |0 L6 k# }; x4 p7 d
例如:
: @; H; d& m2 c% g  w) X: Z
" Q6 u) L" f2 }. M2 b. WMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)% _' x- H! i. J- g" ]  p) D) f* s
3 Y/ Y6 y) Y! Y% _# ~% K
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
$ E5 k1 w% {5 q$ W6 O- t2 F3 ~6 S' D
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
/ v# H/ Q( n8 b$ b) H4 l. W& N5 A" E5 r
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
& E2 l; |9 f1 T6 h) p. @0 N9 {9 M7 A! I
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
2 _6 Y8 o6 I0 J  L+ y3 ^, J% P+ h
/ x0 ?( x5 F7 M& `Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
4 O, k' t, a5 K1 u: [" Q1 V; Y8 G# C5 l6 d( i0 w, v
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)$ [, s$ K$ e) B- h: i
$ S  H) u' d% B2 Y9 p$ I
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
" |9 b# n5 J0 v
: X/ d& V) ?8 N9 w" n  LWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)9 X" n3 ?2 r6 D* ?- g

, \: S; S6 N8 ^# q% CPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)5 T1 v+ H6 T) q5 _
" p5 S4 Z- E3 g) b7 u. }0 A" A
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
3 ]' {' Q( G! Y, s# q9 ?- Q3 V/ w% n  e& t) x" l  u" A, d8 i3 x
: z5 |3 E6 y8 R& a5 \6 U
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
* }; j6 `. J: D% [; J- J/ m
1 `! J) p1 @. p5 S例如:6 F1 M% S: v" E1 G  h
- p: d4 C. F( K) j+ R3 [
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
% z7 x+ F' Q! P+ ?  T* i/ k9 c
, m% m- O) z3 \' K" W+ DDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)  ~3 @8 |2 a& X# {8 s

% w0 i( _. {" n0 d6 G- \1 u$ o* L( {I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
* a; R2 o2 h7 W, @4 `% B& g% q1 E6 `0 c
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
+ d6 f! x: Y$ F
9 k5 v, F, E, `. t: ]In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
- e4 ?0 U  r+ E+ K4 I
+ `' z! \  v3 B( d( d) F# CShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
  a+ ~  v+ F  f! k( S7 P" A. `/ H8 O0 Z$ x+ o+ @7 o
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
( X7 J7 [' o( h* h3 G; j4 E
# E: z" j" M+ z5 G5 h3 n如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
  A' B5 y* _( z3 f# T; V$ f, |! Y. X5 |6 P" @" X
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。). ]2 [$ Z/ V" _3 |

; X+ K8 f# e1 d; P5 `) H/ b6 |- vThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
8 L. S. \8 ~: L6 Q, T  n3 ~: U! H9 C+ z/ v
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)4 k/ t: n2 [1 I+ ?# m. L

* w6 r2 B* {/ |0 tHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)/ m8 y7 o( u8 v

/ U( {! C0 Q7 I8 F4 a3 Q' \We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
0 z# \2 d' b# E$ T: @" `  J# p$ E2 r! [* i* J+ ~1 K
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)$ K, J( c+ g: u9 @
: S( b: z) \, d4 a  k- {" w
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)- i3 {3 C4 ^6 l, C0 X
$ U6 p; @2 S& H8 ?' |- O6 s
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
: n  _6 V5 O8 C- I9 C  k" V5 k" `9 ?. U5 ?* n
6 ]8 K5 M( |6 `, Z% ]
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」! z: G$ H4 Z. A% B
: J0 ]8 @) p6 A( v$ ?
例如:
' d8 h& p, e; w# s/ x8 _$ g  U+ O7 @! Q$ a+ m4 J7 C: w
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)- q; a* _+ |" P, v  R

. h+ `) _, t5 RManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)6 S0 r1 T" k) i" ^
2 _; r. [4 u3 ]3 ]' i7 ~4 P
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)9 V6 Z3 [. I0 P5 m/ l! T! u
2 R7 Z9 ]. ]! H: [) e6 H# S( X: F( u/ X
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)* y' h" U5 s4 P1 Z

5 F6 k; q, ^7 h* }) Q: `Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)# T  g: l4 ^+ k& r1 E
& F, h) p  c  J$ Z
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
' H; x3 r( q$ u  t# y+ z# P) o; a: {2 G- G. \
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
0 v0 c4 I; m$ k! M! S# _0 [2 i6 V3 J! q4 L4 p/ @( ~
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
0 u. F8 v9 r# s: `3 r2 z1 N+ ~3 w, l1 |0 f* {
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
0 O" w+ v1 k2 u. z1 D! Y$ R
9 ~+ U: j7 Z1 N- p7 \$ V, d- ~当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
; z8 i) a$ I$ F3 z; J$ O8 y0 c2 S' M% }4 Z2 o4 g
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;9 {& B0 b6 w: l0 ]2 Z- `/ }& W0 n2 K
5 Z) E3 P# l% v- c
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
7 |* v; q3 m+ c4 u2 Q# }& s$ J# b+ G" q& J
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
5 I$ W; J0 x7 E4 k1 N
1 Q8 j  t! \# ]' U  d9 d; L& w对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
. d- ?' u4 |* \9 z$ Y  d7 ^7 ]9 g
7 J% r; A1 [$ ~8 \至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:( j- e$ ]/ `9 a

" a$ t* D: ~; @- k' i还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。0 n" w6 C. _6 U
/ \( Y) q( k0 \$ _
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
' v# ]; B8 P& }

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-3-27 13:41 , Processed in 0.048079 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表