AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多FB广告Spy工具⚡免费试用✅ FB个号1块一个
TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇
域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构
查看: 6216|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 ' X8 y9 X* i8 c& ]8 g' a

( ?, m6 b' B3 Y转帖1 b, |& q  r; h6 }+ u+ N
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
- I* H+ |) F  Q" `7 s- m
& x: z: m, y5 H) ]/ q! I
例如:8 v' R# W; H% K& @; S& _% N, ], I9 m. P

* @* l) r/ {* t5 R  A0 x0 t* WMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
& w" U7 F! t" ?
* ~* {: G+ r( _6 i: G* q  H$ aThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
8 y" y) N0 Q3 x) N) L
" h/ J- B# B" c6 m$ QThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)% e" v5 f/ i7 v& q9 E

5 C. @" a  X$ A5 qThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
; R, T. C: K- [$ }, h) I, `, V" s9 @
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)9 I* A* A7 g! p! R& e
, h: I+ p  j  b7 |
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
5 U; H! M# s; p7 H
, O$ G  E+ m) |3 P) `( xWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)7 x4 @  [4 ~  ^/ ?* U5 B
8 b' e- q! W* u2 Z; Y/ C2 g* c  ]
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
# _; r" e/ {. y8 N& F" g6 \) r* {' N! ]+ E' H9 \
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
' _9 f! B3 p) X9 p2 Z* V+ G" I$ {$ n* h  j: B( c
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
! Z. r3 w( S) J& w: V! n
$ u/ n+ {: o  w7 g这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
# g" c4 w& X4 Y& G% C3 I
; G5 g3 |' Y$ y1 |, {3 t1 W- `1 C8 W# b4 {
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
" D( a0 a! @! `4 a/ ~# S: Y/ h: i1 h! b* \2 p6 u& C
例如:
) k, l3 }% U% w! k; i% G1 i  G  `! V+ m2 O
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)" q/ f: U% C, N5 K4 R% I7 P

' L8 Z4 j& I+ tDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
" z/ b  p- m) _3 q4 u8 E# E5 }8 [# P2 n: N  c
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)9 E6 M9 N  H8 G3 N# v8 U- v  T" `
$ Z" q/ n, d. N7 j8 R
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)2 {& x5 M+ H/ d6 e

. G! y) X4 F  E# _( ~  r. bIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
4 p4 V  j) ?5 W, ^1 l/ I- L% L" _' X
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer): v7 B& u+ @: L- q7 m9 A

) E+ t0 R0 y8 f/ P( p3 }1 y% q$ SI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生), v  G$ a: g* u* ]. N
* s9 K& a# ?- _
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:4 H2 D2 @# ]3 f7 W5 W% K7 n+ C; S- H( {

8 f8 Y! H5 \; \. u! s6 J  U( j1 nThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
) a7 j& J$ J# t6 `7 i5 n0 Y) S3 z% ]& \0 b" J
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
( D* b6 ]% |/ s, A- D/ b6 S; Y5 r
9 _, p' Z, {5 Q* t& [: bHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。): D2 w8 _  \! l$ g$ L' X( M

) W" s5 N6 g, ^: t9 aHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)6 H! `* Y) k5 `. w: k. {

3 a! i' f* w/ r: l5 R/ K* Z; kWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
1 j8 p5 ^" }; V% X) t
8 Z6 O9 P6 K! @4 l& ?' `Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)5 p! N' Y' I- H
* ?; g( P4 N& ]( W  H) K
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)8 m$ ?7 I# W# M4 ?1 ~5 v
9 R; `" v# B; R2 D/ |2 L" M; r
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
9 D2 a3 ~: X* ^+ Z$ [: N
; X+ p) w1 |! c, Y( F" w- i* w* \( p7 b4 u
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」0 z. ^1 t6 k, [0 |+ {! `1 c( s( R

& ]$ p6 d1 C5 A9 B  a2 o# [+ X例如:
2 z% W6 t# }+ ?# F9 r3 \$ [
0 T; u5 n1 d' P" e1 Q/ lMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)# q' I1 }/ B' A! E: X4 U& z- i/ l

5 G4 V  ]% z9 e! I& YManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
# L5 L; Q% b/ u! {/ E, l' Y3 K8 ], h( S; r" @
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)4 y, R  w% Y$ O; ^

/ g, }6 V! r3 w' AHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
) L/ P$ E$ ~7 g( `4 E
! ^4 {1 Q. U' XMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
- i" f9 a8 m$ B
8 s1 ~# M. H; s0 _. k* ^& pPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)* J2 e/ I8 B) b0 n
! w# {3 o% ~% E4 `4 T# T$ b
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
" e- b4 Z& x$ S
2 u2 a) \& K% T2 gStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
/ m3 j: i  V. m/ r9 U2 p9 S5 _6 L; c8 T8 r5 k
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。/ i* y& W$ D6 U% _- V
2 T) ~5 [! U) m0 G8 X7 T
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:. }! [5 C# d4 D, i2 U

) a" j% I3 m) y2 k( i对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
* D. i1 R$ }9 l6 S0 \! S
1 s& a+ `7 ?# Q+ |对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
: ?) _, V4 B! o4 D
( K1 a6 B" J3 m6 U/ m对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;0 E! d6 k$ v7 w) V: c, v

) O$ y& v) C6 W对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;3 `% [4 r. W; h; X/ H

5 U- Q6 ]# h4 Q: j8 d4 S% a5 [至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:( v0 j) |1 \  ^

8 T8 z" u5 H, B  _还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。; u; O& }5 F8 e0 G0 j
; D* p$ i0 p) ]
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。# {! `& E4 P0 H; d

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-6-6 09:29 , Processed in 0.047190 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表