AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手
TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️
比特浏览器+云手机 |防关联防封号Facebook截流, 1 次点击 2 次曝光广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6483|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Deepclick
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 / l) x6 m+ T9 F( L& {
3 q# j" Y( T2 `
转帖7 C; I, _; b% N6 p$ V
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
% s6 s/ t5 L5 l. {5 v* g. _8 ~
& L+ y$ c1 [8 M, I/ H9 L
例如:( {5 i" p; ^/ A" l" p$ ?( K  j2 y
3 U. x/ I6 b5 D- C6 C6 X+ D" i& M
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)( J1 @1 _1 r1 o' J% k
) z( g# y, b- G* d4 u
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)7 q1 K7 x+ \& \. l) Y# ~9 }' Q1 R
+ M: P. d' P5 D/ A0 ~% c1 u- L6 ]
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
% a9 @( n1 Q1 Y% }: H9 o, W) P) i  r9 [9 Y& R9 v
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)7 C: L1 m2 M7 a1 {& g
/ ~5 w; M' p+ b, }9 h' G" Z  v  L9 r9 E
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)  u- k  R5 z  y
' y9 P' m# t( N) j7 M) z+ ^
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor). b) x! o  c& J
3 q, k# l8 B- a% E
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)- v5 U; \" X2 ^$ @  s

- y( Q) b# g7 d6 D, A& f/ H/ BThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)6 \! L( B' }% A' _

' `1 S% H6 N# n% D' D& `We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
4 q/ A; X2 ]/ C+ E1 a  Y& O6 ~# p( T/ `) X6 x% g2 e
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
3 ?9 U* g6 T+ _+ g& ]% j" R9 S( j8 K& Z7 J1 x
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!& E& C6 C& H4 R
5 z% @1 S+ J$ t

' K8 C  E0 ^5 W& h& A# E: s2 t- y2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
: m. U: @) S: ?  a/ q
( C! T2 Z) I; S. M# J5 O# P例如:7 O' [- r5 j$ V' t8 l. u; r
0 }, T4 x/ w# ]6 z
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)) c" a' g$ g  a3 R/ U
/ v% K/ B) _2 c( R  V
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though): ^' U% |4 f& E% D, Q4 N; Q7 k
- H3 N* ]  v% H, L
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
6 M) f: U  U! d/ [+ ?6 p; k* V/ E
* q- S  z; A5 L' g% D' E7 v0 qHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)" D1 k7 K& q2 D
) r2 |) }9 P. i& x# A
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually): |8 g0 _# {, l

  D' M( b9 C  i: r+ N2 p% _She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
% i8 q0 H4 Y3 D, Y# ^
" J1 w" G9 \, t+ x; R1 VI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)4 h2 K8 e/ S* @: ^& I7 v" l" c
3 x& ?2 A, o7 \/ V: _. T* Y/ J
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
- H- U" X: @; O4 }8 A8 H. |$ Q, J9 s4 |/ B. N9 Y) u7 u% ~% w* D$ d
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。). k" e0 U+ U9 W7 {( \, P% ]& A

2 _( y. }- O) h. V: B; S6 r# D- {The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
! J0 F4 c! B) B0 I% t- k6 L2 o$ f; Z  S  N2 E! Q: I1 ?
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
* G. @+ I% i4 _) w6 f
% e3 C/ R: o1 m5 F' {He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
; b5 {" ]' Q% D$ B  m" i" \0 E
: ^& m7 a: V+ h- J' K9 \We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)( ?% ]' N0 T% A2 L' z+ ]- O$ z
( I! e/ j5 G( E! \! M
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
5 r( r/ G6 ~+ |; q5 O) R3 y5 `0 h. N3 V. G0 K% l
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)! F. B. B, F* W7 M7 t$ f: ^& _6 W6 F, ]

* v. n  Q4 k" \0 m( S- j此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
0 Q6 w  ^- \* B* _5 d' ?- H
! s: H3 S. _* j1 K* G( `( Q8 r/ ]) b2 Z4 h$ m: F( R
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」' r2 r8 {; N2 f1 u1 h& {
% J( a- y$ }8 O& Y3 H! U% D% [
例如:7 W. ~! l0 W+ q
; I9 V( R& |" y& z* ~7 F% z
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)* T6 ~: T6 ?' a+ x: ^+ p: B

% _$ G6 T$ y9 @  H% \, m+ l8 |  uManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
# W& }7 N1 H! P: d
5 E- G5 Z/ r  S. y: tThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)6 K, L0 N1 I7 P6 {4 m' j
# x/ i1 r# c5 D$ {- ]: J- @' q7 e
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
- f7 |# d2 A6 |7 {$ h2 M! C# r! f3 Y+ \+ ?7 O! o5 h; r/ \% D/ q
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)5 `" A- A8 V# e
0 D3 |* w+ C( |
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
; D7 H# t. _5 @* ]4 D( `% e. E
9 a' P+ b! ^+ m: D6 E5 vCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
7 O% d+ [: @9 |. _# a$ I5 h# z
) @1 Q* Z& D" a1 I4 xStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
# \: K8 F! ?) G4 U/ _8 V; d& W
! n, F1 K8 |4 |' C同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
/ z1 b8 d& I$ G8 G2 a0 t" Q9 Q& k0 m2 J' b# N) R! t- |
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
' C- v! w0 N. B$ _* `3 n5 f+ s; S/ w& |# y( f2 p5 ]
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;0 D9 D9 s8 \/ F: w0 @' V! a

9 r% e# \  s1 y& |3 G2 e; {! N# O对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
, v( P# l& I* u! y6 k6 F
; |8 \/ H3 c- y% Q. f( S对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;7 Z4 H; k0 E% _5 g! h+ |' S5 W4 z

) o% R* ~- a# L9 x! M对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
4 A/ Z, S) g* d8 D  m5 w, [. H) m* i+ y% ]; ^2 `5 e/ b
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:! ?+ I- R8 l: i: S) x# ^& C: y

) F* A7 H- g3 k1 U还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。8 P/ D. [2 V. E, S6 h
/ i9 }% S4 O. |% b5 a  `% i: J
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
3 v& I& [: i9 B2 T# g7 n+ r

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-7-9 01:46 , Processed in 0.048886 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表