找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款Facebook 批量上广告
尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)
IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️
✔Taboola海外户广告位出租虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 6839|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 & d  j( |' t0 ~8 {1 J8 L

% M7 k1 p, h" l9 k转帖
1 o) p3 q& Q8 i2 {& d7 D' K  |1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

6 d1 B+ [  m! u4 m6 C* U: S4 U+ m: e- i0 o. e& @
例如:
1 V$ u- F0 g" X6 ~) j4 Z: i1 d- \. d
$ e& {  x) M# d9 B/ a' Y7 aMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
& Z& p, @' D  p; l1 ?' Q! l
# R0 r; T/ W7 ?8 c5 ?' |4 |5 JThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
% D# |/ m9 T7 u; d4 I9 `7 P& {7 F: c; d8 a
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)# c9 z: z& i1 {; [! |
2 g3 S# C* Y. H# V$ S/ i
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
; `2 J. t/ j' N" u) b7 N# E& c9 V4 v
9 |2 @) |. C) X1 x7 _4 p- HI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
0 X1 g2 n6 U5 s8 ]% r- s* r3 l# c+ @$ t
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)" w7 B8 k0 `* y( ?
$ g. R/ W0 a( U& u" N* C' t
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
$ t6 j+ W* t! ?5 e, O, l& f, `% D2 l& a
' \# Y( n' L" ~6 {6 Z$ aThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)8 L1 D0 c# b0 J) \' B* h" A/ v
7 O9 o" m9 j2 m: I3 H
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
' W3 \" ]# J1 N# g) h
* I! ~$ n) `" C; b# F4 bPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
% ?0 [: I. r/ u7 ]" s7 V& X1 C7 m* p  a7 G! c
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
. W. Y5 M: i7 p, E" B
/ ]- ?# u  S" p/ i. k: S& ~
: i, ^/ j6 {  ?8 S+ o2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。; @1 Y4 |9 C* y# J& r

. j( V4 J( [" z7 v8 R! E: [例如:7 e$ Y1 k) Q3 P: S9 }! j$ G+ R

- q9 c* E8 b8 o9 ?. v9 K2 vAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
& `( R3 U4 w9 Z+ r; T* j4 G6 w8 i, k4 X+ F( Q5 r6 X
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)4 ^$ g" C2 B8 Z4 U/ a; M
, {( o$ `4 Y  Y# a3 L$ }8 g
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
  B% Y. ]. C& v$ V0 i
4 C3 q5 M1 I! E& s7 lHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)# Q' P$ V' K) ^0 y! B( \# W
! y& {  j! P4 D7 q: c8 D% e
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
3 s4 g2 d6 n; Q" j1 s# W3 X
4 \) B' k" }8 `/ `3 q" Z- mShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
/ K9 @5 w2 `4 D
$ E" v8 l  \" Q( @* W5 QI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)) @6 W: v+ r, F; z/ [
# Y  e! F. q/ L7 S
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:& m! N2 c" ^+ I  o' B+ q
% i' ?; P; o  F. D5 f% i1 \$ N# b
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
- k" G) m4 ~9 w# A; M1 p/ }, C2 ^  x
0 q- A- t% w: W3 w7 zThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.). P" a) ?) [3 |" \7 a' G

: D9 {0 N1 v- ?* `  _$ d, I& H6 }He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
' T5 P  P$ A; A0 h3 J
2 W* w7 b! v8 v8 x- fHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
( x" D; P" N2 O. D1 @8 x' ?; i+ h
; z" G) X3 M7 r0 P" l: oWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)5 N2 A/ v* }& x9 j9 G& g
* X1 V2 n5 {8 I) g  ?9 P" D- K2 {$ h7 P- p
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
  l3 B/ q" a  b! X9 O) y: ]# [1 s" h3 u7 z& J4 B( e" q; r
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
- p$ n/ f. [" K$ R
/ Y" Q9 A8 \7 j- X& u& ~( @此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
8 Y0 R; W+ n' G2 F9 M/ H7 ~7 i! d7 g+ x. u$ u2 |! Z$ c
; r6 x7 O! ?& o
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
1 I' _1 n' I9 G6 |# N- ?. M+ ]
6 C7 x* {6 E- B7 ]: r% V例如:* W* j8 `+ D8 d5 b" R
2 n, X/ k4 x  p
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
2 z' K2 j. x: W, w$ N' g
' H3 e) v+ ^7 c2 b6 }& `Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
& g; B) P: L4 A! g" |* f+ C# k
; _; _0 E$ I- M3 k+ o" b# rThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
$ z3 W6 n/ ]9 A! i) b
( q* J9 q$ [, i3 D+ z" OHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)$ t! I( y( k7 ]8 a% k" b3 S

4 e' P" o6 e3 K- R7 LMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
# u& h& i# j! z" w; ]- u( F3 l
3 T2 D! ?3 S0 q: I! t4 z) |Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
9 e' r( Y6 h) H/ h& B; d
- K9 t0 y1 l7 Y; E! QCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
( b0 S4 |: q9 d
% b7 W) O% ^0 G, }2 U: X3 EStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)% y  k6 R3 X& R* G8 V; a

7 f- v( a8 j; |同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
/ g' O5 |6 W, F' b$ c3 R0 G4 p6 k4 N; T$ @2 M: Y. u
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
7 g6 z# C, D8 U
! t' K) o; m. l对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
! ]$ c( U7 n& [) o) B1 ?
# m- K3 b# ~* @对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
7 b  I; \) u* X: Y$ T# E2 ^; I' Z/ W( [) I$ m
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
4 K9 q& O: [" B" U$ N2 g0 |6 t1 T5 n
; M; Q0 [  ?, m, w9 ]' S- h; I6 k对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
% |" V+ |- |% k$ Y5 H3 A1 ?' b* \  c$ w- O
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:6 M( `- b0 W7 U9 w- a2 X- Q

, l0 r5 d( A+ I# }还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。0 x$ _2 r, k5 W4 U1 i8 U5 z  P. {

: A, y9 J$ l3 ^有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。! }- i( I4 z- B

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-8-23 10:24 , Processed in 0.061099 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表