AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头FB广告Spy工具⚡免费试用✅ FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 6283|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 0 w5 l2 H" G' z6 s8 T) i

6 u/ l' h4 V4 i+ a/ [转帖
: Q* |. D6 v3 e- H1 r' Y$ p1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

' F% @& e% i+ @8 [0 M
$ d" \9 B$ v5 K' d例如:$ M9 B7 T6 q+ d0 s- v
& d( F; }" @; a1 `7 _9 L; o, W
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)0 W; q1 w' o/ ~6 S0 Y2 p

- w- t1 F0 R8 D; `5 @2 xThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)  D1 e) R, V& N5 b

, q3 e: h& O" B$ s9 kThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
2 Y3 [8 b9 f$ C
3 l; W: V4 M' [( T0 _5 fThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
7 K0 u( h4 @. D: [7 i3 U
8 U. y" O6 D+ ~  d7 z1 G, M' eI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
! R3 l1 d) R" {" p7 ~# y0 _0 Q8 ?! y4 n6 h/ @( m( d4 v7 E
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)% u% W$ E$ h% g, y) K* v
6 `6 w3 Z- ^% u  r+ I! }
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)' b6 n4 H) L9 L, A; f3 F
! P, m; L) Q# D4 @8 r
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
, {) a4 Z2 I1 C$ V  G- Z. w
* C, h& F% g( N* tWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
- z! @. a* T/ _: Z' p% V
6 r9 k3 w) e" n$ Q" x% dPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)2 I7 a. c1 i+ I- X
1 r; O7 \* x3 Y5 X6 ?
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
8 y7 b7 e6 c5 o
* ]/ T7 O# J, v4 s
+ a4 Z" \4 L  k1 A2 x2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。& R; q& W$ O& I
% ~+ U- X4 j4 l
例如:
$ U5 h: O" U$ U4 P
: [1 A$ W/ a& f# g( d7 q1 k$ e* yAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
& Y2 [( y) w5 I: n
) Y' p! J( U  c% DDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)+ x: d( T: W3 j7 t" f# |  v; F, V9 C3 _
( V* V  \; k, `$ |# o# l
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
; h( d5 }/ c) L( S) |1 p5 j  |. }/ R" }5 P- W6 ?1 d! k
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
! n& F: M' Q4 N& F+ t( B* l' M2 N0 i1 T
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
$ e% G7 x1 }7 O# Z6 Q$ g0 m# y* |2 N- j  l4 M
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
2 i8 K* H% s: m2 c# W2 w) w* z" C& B$ v- @0 J7 Q- _
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)0 y- b' `# `1 C' B3 z' Y5 p1 f

! z5 Q0 r1 n# L4 l如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:/ j2 Q/ r% p7 A" e+ _5 @
4 I4 T$ c: M9 @( Q5 h8 v. H
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
6 S+ ^4 o3 M5 O5 l! N
/ ^3 d% p1 O0 ^$ @, r5 n1 G# zThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)) s# Y$ l6 A# L) M# d

% B$ T0 k5 O' nHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)+ L! V: v- P: ?  n) N

0 M: @  _. F# v) ?( l, p0 zHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)  e8 ~. o+ a  Y5 b4 ]

& p* e0 V7 x, HWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
& q7 g. h$ i  C' B0 C( _6 [2 r" C2 {0 X5 Q% W; `1 G* I/ W
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)& J  s/ F/ {6 ^
. ?! P2 o, b: x* G& Q4 v
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
3 q* |) d" j% {* A
6 E/ Y. M9 G. T/ K& H* h0 ~- a- }: z此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。3 U. h3 j0 t2 _( g2 D. e4 J
/ G% U1 H" Y% D" d

1 ^3 W1 c' k4 T6 t3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」1 i) v. i0 A& x* U! z; A1 B# u
& b" I: W3 R9 f/ \
例如:4 [) g: ]% F4 ^* N: [

6 ]  g) \( {$ k  B( HMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数): O* D6 {  e  Z# f" f( |
: \5 G9 Q* u. x! G! u" k5 z" |
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
$ n! g( h) u, l% f7 g0 B/ U5 D& C" o: P2 c' U1 c
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
0 S7 j2 K% x- m
6 q3 M* }! V- u) U8 @; NHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)% E" V- [: n# p4 M

0 q  f" ?0 W- ?1 @* S- MMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
- i+ y! ~# B" }' O" n) w
2 i6 T' E% J9 lPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)3 b* f- B& t4 \' I( L; x$ O
: a) I6 g; T' J2 ~0 F1 u* q9 p
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)( H+ J1 }! ]3 G

+ k5 [) {' t1 r3 D; qStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)% e2 G7 ?" \  l+ U, w# v* j

5 d' j3 E; r  }' n* E+ n& B9 L! ]同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
! t$ m. n1 k4 c7 T7 D  P% h' |) H- o# M7 {- r3 p/ e
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:4 x8 \! F: N) |& g9 t: _+ \: U3 D( E

' q* d& a0 A6 u; z% G对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;  ~7 t0 [. f. F# |; L( o/ h7 L2 W

& u* S1 J  @! Z$ [2 @8 R7 a对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
) a9 f2 e0 v$ C8 R
* K$ x2 D* i: @3 D# c! |. q对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
1 Z4 D8 n+ l! M8 w/ t# W+ @& \% U: s( h
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
9 [. t" k8 T- l! ?& ^& D
9 Q; Y( Y" r2 {3 i至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
1 C- }; p  I2 v+ g% b, }; O& z! U# v; O1 u: Z' H4 j
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
4 I/ |! q, v0 S4 N* w5 {$ ^& j3 x" O3 K+ ^& b" S6 q
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
% V" v8 y. ^. D# w( o

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-6-15 06:35 , Processed in 0.046437 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表