找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPTK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户海外CL企业户源头
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️比特浏览器+云手机 |防关联防封号Facebook截流, 1 次点击 2 次曝光
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 6633|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Deepclick
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
9 o/ h+ Z: S! m$ Q$ ]$ K! P- d8 w* y1 K3 Z1 s7 L
转帖' M4 ~/ Y/ |& z
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

9 e, u7 F3 R+ a$ V! U
" B6 l; a# }! ~例如:! f1 C* ^+ z% K. m; K% T3 N# ^

- a; q. }! d+ L- V! W" k* rMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
" e# x* q5 s: U+ x& _5 `5 U9 Q4 \
% i, p+ U& [3 G, t. ?Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。); {) y  ]1 ~4 y7 ~

2 P' R- d, Y0 L# G/ w; g, wThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)+ t2 b, }* S' W

( L, U; J/ f! q/ q1 {, AThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
  V; X! j. z" u5 d' e; K8 I! P
( e% t& Q8 K/ d% {+ [8 c% L. FI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
3 v& D* F5 F  m" F! W% b
: y6 B9 \7 [8 uMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
9 N: ~8 q) M# a& H3 p0 Y; W+ s, c5 M% M+ u) k
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
! C) u6 l$ i  v7 j0 b( f; C: @. F
: Y6 Z1 a/ y' L; V$ lThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
6 H# b" m$ w6 }. Q& {& t/ j( k# R- _& B+ e
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
- D0 X+ C' X: w/ ^- ?
! |: A0 b0 y9 H3 bPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
: K/ v% o5 |1 v8 [
# T7 A: T3 H+ U& `5 l$ ~8 D这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
' y' B6 k- Y4 \) q6 l, Y8 r
( R  a2 F5 |1 U6 F# Q7 Y
' p. Z9 C# {- {5 ~2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。) }) X! H# ~* ^7 I& c$ B
  L7 U( G) c* U9 R/ w" M8 u
例如:
2 b, R2 r$ J. W, W1 W
& A: a1 b2 c7 c3 V. `+ }At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
5 l1 K* ~9 ~# x8 A8 n0 K# A. N, A8 t
3 A/ P% r! ?9 X/ yDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)9 s; o# F; Y& _8 ~: E. U
6 _* p- ?2 l0 H8 F2 l: M
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
1 j8 U: Y0 d  `0 j: x7 r0 u- W+ B
; J4 W8 ]0 a+ p% Q! O" @He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)& R8 P+ T) D4 _/ s5 C  Q- B
4 }7 f& V6 B7 X* m
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
# H! ^- `1 f7 w) \9 ~/ N! I& Z6 a# i2 K& J! R
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)$ ]! K8 a! t. V; p" s7 I; [
! b8 W8 z) e* G, v( b5 R
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
4 n9 P" k! x) m5 W* [) n9 [2 ^& c) ?$ _) B- f$ V! ^2 u3 ~
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:3 U3 i9 o! B4 u& z

" K) m3 S! f, v0 ZThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
9 y$ x, D+ T- h2 _1 t* g- _
& u1 Q% z9 R) ]( k3 [' F+ _6 y5 HThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
6 u! R/ T' n4 D& k2 ^- a( a* C) f/ P6 A* S$ K; T4 U) h4 a
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
2 M9 _7 y1 S; O+ m
* w7 a3 C. b! yHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)) ?6 d, z; c0 ^- H
, k4 _2 f( u- l+ Y  N8 D) c
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
% \+ T" \& @# o) K" ?7 T& R3 V6 \$ k* u' `
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)5 M- p: N3 h: m3 \2 _

8 g) [- [/ J- p3 \2 L写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
: {( A3 K6 h  b* C% ~% k& i! W& {& B# v- I
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。8 G7 P8 R' R" M& T* F
4 A' W3 S+ |0 {: v) r4 b) S5 Z

$ V' Q% n' q& G+ H3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」5 h% p; V4 y5 P9 @8 k9 P  U

0 Q0 i; ]( s9 D- |# t) P例如:; l- t( I2 {8 m  {! ?% U

$ o* S) a& m5 m/ JMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)# D. l- `& e/ r+ c
; e3 h+ v) y* O% s& W) }$ E
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
) ]& \. p  S" b$ R; Y+ T; N2 ~5 W) L- `+ q3 t
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
) \* R. g9 [  |& ~6 C% N( K
; ]3 F6 O* O7 XHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)0 d" x1 n2 a. S0 P& l
5 g* r! S) Q1 L0 ^# [: E" t6 ]
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
( k( D* V" w( d8 q9 u
; B( R' j' L. o9 lPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
8 @6 J/ C( s! q1 G( r
* y6 M9 a5 w) @# k+ ?# K1 B: }Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
6 i8 ]# c* C1 R+ }5 i
# L6 Q" Z( k( f5 fStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
" ~# l, \' \/ N9 u3 y' [# ^! Y; C) N# b  i  \0 c, Q
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
  o2 @# ^% v) ~
3 ?4 Z4 l* w" r3 V' G当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:2 B. v& ~# ?& u4 c/ W, }  U- q' s
9 |' \3 a! a3 G6 Z
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;6 |; r, q$ N6 Z  s, r1 \& s: {
' q# ^% S8 {; h
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
( O. q1 Z, ^6 X5 N; H/ j5 Z5 r( N( x: g
/ g0 p* K$ a! y对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
6 c4 j$ d8 e, u! r
( H6 O) V( w" E8 h1 L9 d" H对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;8 Q* \! I5 G) A- V2 M2 G/ ^

/ J4 ^, P3 c9 P3 x1 c7 z至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
( |+ `% ~' M6 S5 o' X' z6 ?/ ~
# B# y0 k* H5 Y还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。( _1 B+ k/ _4 w7 p; z

: d6 e3 M9 P" ]有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
% j4 Y! x6 z5 p; A. U# e, n5 J7 ]% R

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-7-28 00:46 , Processed in 0.065660 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表