AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化E.PN 虚拟卡FB BM不限额,短id账单户BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户提供TK企业新户老户、谷歌新户老户海外CL企业户源头
FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量高质量代理⚡️住宅⚡️移动原生住宅⚡️双isp⚡️适合跨境电商
TK白名单老户|兼职广告可投Miluproxy⚡️全球住宅IP代理Top 3联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡比特指纹浏览器+云手机, 4.5折起
定义应用网盟新时代FB个人号源头服务商广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 5060|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
HuiTong虚拟卡
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
* S1 L! Q' j% Q- A, o
( n0 J: I: }, c转帖
+ A) x! n) J5 m8 {0 B( @4 z& Y1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

2 {" B& e& p2 d( Z8 S+ ?' Y+ V! M, [5 t3 |
例如:' z; R8 w; [4 n/ q% S2 |
( V( l) p4 x3 G3 @1 F
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)" [+ D0 i; l: }$ W0 I- m! e, J
: M1 ^5 e6 i' `5 A7 e
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
; M% T" Q+ J  O4 S* Z- R& @) R8 s& `* ]- }% R8 j
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread): c# k6 F# u  ?; ]8 I6 R
( N1 y, S: B# V+ U
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?): N' g  b* J; J1 B0 f

  Z2 z/ }) z, H5 l; nI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)5 d" z9 H8 ^- C. \9 j- F/ G

4 l! f3 s4 |, i8 v1 ]Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)( y$ \! V. o- z8 f0 g3 Y3 U
1 f3 C& a4 A% V) F1 Y& t
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
1 i8 |; `* t1 U+ _& Z
# ^; b: I* L2 x0 Y1 g* {2 L" k+ Y( cThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
' r6 l1 K$ D% _# G
# D' Z. p2 b: z; H; [: F0 {5 SWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)0 N7 P6 q/ [3 X
8 D/ p  r5 q0 ^: @
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)0 d  I0 w) `- \% s0 N
, ?5 N' I3 [$ n, t2 m4 Z) E- s
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!/ s) \0 P- _% X: y' A: Y; E
' Q! K. v+ [% q. b
- B- Y6 z- c+ j' n& b' G4 ?
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。! j$ ~( W5 L! |2 a" W
  f  ?- C5 v5 r
例如:
; c7 ]+ y+ W+ [7 d) J
) Z6 B0 G$ D* n1 o- `. DAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)" x+ B) X4 J( Q+ L
! h- h" k7 V( _0 E5 ~$ c
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
( c0 |& H# v% I9 T- K
7 i5 u/ {7 L8 S0 S9 K6 QI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
4 n; j6 d* z, g3 k+ n' @/ r  Y, \) G# b% E& W+ ^6 S6 x4 F4 i
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)! r' e: E" _/ B  U5 s

  @! H  u: ~; i) I) l' xIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)) e# R- F, L6 o# n( C- N
( h. ^" Z2 a, I  A
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)* K2 l( C$ e1 E2 V
. K0 u4 i, [, Q  b
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)' Y; ]' i  F: r8 f; Q( ~6 I

0 x8 h7 c2 w, e" F如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:* Z! \" r8 |' Q; l* B* M
' @1 v, q2 |- H+ S! ?- N
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)2 i6 r  B% F; h+ y0 w0 ?
4 E* `* Y) H* V# W1 V4 B0 K
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)- y9 r3 D# W, N5 G) f
8 Z+ d/ T( ?  |* h* y- X
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
$ W9 L! f9 Q& D9 q' O! m" H' K) n* R! M5 B2 `& f: y8 w! y
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
& k# ?1 |3 N: n. s  e8 U8 E! U* O0 t+ o4 R2 T
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)1 l8 t  H% D- [+ x! _
- w) m3 J: O2 _; B& {
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
( j) `5 l4 q* C% o; s5 i1 A) Y: Q7 b( Y5 r
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)' q+ d3 r$ M; `1 O

4 x9 i; w4 G- k# b7 @此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
* C' F4 i. D0 w+ C. u7 |6 v! }& P9 z! d: ~& ]  L
, ]& k/ X1 m) f6 o- t
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
+ [$ p" I; E, }5 ?/ W/ k* G! d, U/ K3 w4 \0 a- `
例如:# i, E6 L2 ~5 Q, I
7 E" L  ^7 C( Q
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
& e& l, v2 E) k, M. x: Z0 O4 c# p
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)& U2 Y0 ~3 Y8 B$ f2 j( i' C$ ~

9 `# _5 i' z! p$ FThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)6 t4 Z& g) j+ O

6 |8 k$ E/ i' |6 r; K7 m( UHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
  r, W) e# z- t/ q2 Y( x2 Q
! C' F, M8 T0 Y' QMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)6 v. G9 @6 i- k, s2 M% N% k% o/ D
# H4 M4 o- I+ m) O
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
. F- [) }7 r0 x9 k6 K/ R
( U5 H8 z; s! V) I2 u* }% UCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
$ i1 v8 e0 k# g0 \9 P2 y" u
; T  m3 y7 d' X* AStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
- p! m3 q2 F" P& C3 [' K  S1 u1 W3 C8 M4 i
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。/ V/ u- G7 `4 r0 c, }' R
  N' B2 f1 V9 B+ F
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
5 w- g# i1 a8 @. l" M6 x7 t3 v
( s8 h* H! e5 l1 f$ a, `3 t; |2 t对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
5 C; U% P4 Y/ n/ `5 A! m, l" ]& z0 M) s$ Z- C. P% p; p- a1 T& o
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;- o* [. T$ P, w8 {, D" e8 x
2 ^' i" F3 z1 G- ~3 @
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
) M3 a; F0 v( Q) n4 D! o2 |4 x$ S( C: j$ E
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
5 o3 ~$ K0 @6 R) |2 [+ u' N
7 w, u$ r4 \9 m; ~' _" Y# [8 Q至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:+ D  y; o% \# x

% h$ z  C  r; t. S还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。8 H' z4 q& F3 Y" }4 g" _

' G3 n$ N1 {0 M  ~1 x8 R0 p8 r有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。! x' x7 D9 K& Y+ R4 g) k5 r5 r1 }' _

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2025-11-26 12:38 , Processed in 0.045577 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表