找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip
广告位出租虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 7000|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
- m6 J, t- H& }" |' p* ?% j+ U" [/ w" x8 P1 A/ S% |4 @
转帖
0 T: o" @% N" k$ A. D1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

) U$ U+ d4 R7 g- w" U  _8 ?. p5 g8 D
例如:/ [5 z- u0 W, l4 I* X$ C8 _
7 d) k- C6 s3 l. q$ h7 L
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白); n9 l6 y; W. {5 I8 j

- u8 [$ r. C7 Z1 Z% VThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
! l/ |) b/ T1 S
, \4 L. b1 w/ `' k: u: r8 ?This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
7 `6 F; j4 o% {7 C: K4 x, o0 C6 G- I3 g3 Z+ R
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?); N; I5 a! C) ?6 G

) `: s. h% R' h$ N6 PI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
! A) z, `. X7 D" p7 z. D- w( D' S( b. M4 i  q' u' ?+ Q
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
) l8 D$ Z& S; a  i5 q5 `% k: q
6 s% z3 n7 d- |; g. d" }1 O' Q5 \7 xWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
$ h" C" S6 f$ u" E  D. |$ q1 Q; A; y/ Y! X
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)* _8 T6 L6 N; m* J0 x, s
/ i* m" w1 o2 J( L
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)0 {' j, b8 Z; o+ J/ P
8 e* ^; h" p1 u  s" ^# \2 B
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)  P  X& I9 h* Q5 D
+ {, d$ }( C/ Q9 m7 r8 N9 Q
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!! K2 L7 v: Q/ i3 R

% _$ i8 x0 z" u! P$ |0 d3 r- ?3 Y7 X) \" Y/ @  f9 Z) F
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
9 z( T' \9 b: E; E- s; v
9 V- ~5 u4 \6 U( U! p例如:
) w, x1 A+ L1 q
; p' H" P1 o) pAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
' B; B+ [  X  }
1 `; x. v; f: M: kDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
' ]% t& F0 S* m) S- l  G6 D, z! [% d: y8 F% y1 V/ I
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
6 `, X/ _, W% N: @2 q
/ D  _! F1 f/ s. H% z5 NHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)( @; n: D, y& {- S6 a7 k

8 g% r2 S1 {" G8 j* o! ~In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually); L$ o  T$ _# Q& f6 c/ G
. `8 g; z2 p' C* r, b& W- m
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)5 K" [: q* w. U3 [- ]

3 `5 e* M( o& }I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
( C9 s2 C- w, Q' R! ~( |* b6 J5 H8 J) T/ q) e( C0 F  }7 S3 f
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:8 s" \/ t* t( O! W! s4 d( @4 U
. p/ j) o9 s* |+ W* C
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)/ {5 N1 G1 q. S

2 |9 j, q! w4 U0 o, @) a& C, a' jThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
: s* \- L$ I' d- Y, n- s  W
) _" y1 ?8 @* W5 C* |He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)) r* z/ [" D# h

; C7 a1 o: x& V% wHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
1 Q+ O; }7 W% D! V, g. ^
- N% C2 r  V% `9 v, }We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
5 U0 u" D  m+ r: R$ E4 u4 p7 M, q) M4 S* E0 ?! ]; j
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
+ O! M: U, g/ |3 z; k1 d
7 k5 O- o8 O# S0 u- G写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
6 R- ~: A; U0 M: u, ]
& ~3 c, p7 M1 H4 N5 k此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。* P( u+ v) s% j% b6 G

; s  f! {; H* X. t' R* y* m) f2 p0 K2 y8 J/ y& K
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」; T8 I! P6 I& w* Q6 q+ m, h

; Q5 ?; j% X2 {1 s0 b/ f) n例如:+ W- q$ ^6 ~. f- S

7 I1 L( v2 t: A( HMankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数), C- O! `- J, r5 ?+ N. ?$ p4 J

; g7 z: _1 s( a. r9 m; F& P" nManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
& w) W" u  i, Y5 z2 y" ^1 k! X, p, E- M
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
; H& c6 n- e6 R, Y6 B. F6 T$ a! L/ ?& ~; `
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
4 g3 q  ]9 I" h( q1 e/ X3 c# G) G; z' S& H1 _
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)$ f( \" X' g% e
7 u/ O7 ]0 R+ |5 N. |! }; p/ H
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)( U% i: ]0 X& K) h
! ?9 m, f" M- }# R
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)# @8 y0 r  Z4 b2 {
. j- W) Y. v) Q$ f! a4 d. u& W
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
1 I! c4 D2 s& X- ^5 ^
6 M. Y" ~4 g: o同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。4 @+ g9 f% l8 O8 b" A* @: O
8 {, A8 W- R, b. ?0 s( T
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
$ w+ x* H3 v9 G) C8 \, O  V* G% _1 d+ b
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;# s% X. j9 _+ j* N! s% V) L' ^

. t5 {9 u: _4 h+ B对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
9 T6 j) Z1 W' l9 x$ ?
" \- O/ q! F6 G0 n对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;( m" L, M! v' Y* K: }) i! q3 p

- b7 z6 Q. A6 n' s对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;5 i# a2 k2 V  ^! k+ d
2 v; y' k; P4 S- G
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
/ `; M4 U' N) Z1 S/ |* m4 O' Z2 e0 s% ~
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
( j1 P! y" S. P" N9 ~9 |& b+ d7 S0 ]2 w
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。; q: L0 B( G9 `# |* {

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-9-11 12:43 , Processed in 0.068815 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表