找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇✔Taboola海外户源头9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip广告位出租
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 7098|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Binom_AdvertCN
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
  k  b+ I/ \/ _/ C, u
& _. @( j8 x# Y  G转帖9 ~6 |. P& R# M1 g' {' |8 M! U
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

- }. @* }+ H4 o" [9 E
# k. h5 m9 B$ T6 m/ u8 e+ Z例如:" Y* x; \! Z) Q9 p8 |

9 I- S4 [, _: c! MMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
& F$ `( R7 _6 l# ^3 i( N7 w1 s# G  P5 s) r
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
! X" ^0 d, Z& c0 N7 c+ B+ p1 a) }' V9 Q0 n2 l
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
! r2 ~9 H9 `* v6 \6 \8 S" t% O* c9 t2 r
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
: R' d9 b- {6 ]7 r' n
8 D  B4 Z0 @1 BI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
* I+ k0 R+ t9 A) ^* K3 G" t2 Q) w9 J
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)% l# O9 }7 e  o3 Y" @" B$ ]# r

% V7 t2 j3 U) j' bWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)4 F  E/ v4 _% y/ E8 c4 ?( l# B& Q

7 q7 j7 o& s: ]' _+ A4 aThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
& L) c+ v9 K& e' a) X: ?
8 W) f1 W3 P0 nWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
$ h- h% j; Y2 A- M$ T
2 L+ a' h0 C0 \4 R$ d; I( JPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
% t5 j+ a0 f& Q0 c  O  R. E2 @, r2 e. k9 X8 @/ h& P
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
  E7 Z' o+ P) J, i* z9 Q
- ~( a7 }6 i" ^+ y( R# z1 |, r( c  G. y* V0 w
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
# V* E+ o' ?' p/ \0 C8 w
  E- F# c; J; F' w5 T例如:
& z3 p* v! i+ v; d# l" W3 g6 u( p6 C- @5 M
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)% f8 {% ?+ {% J3 Z  i* T) |
0 U* t$ m* T; }
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)& T' _+ I, R0 b3 x; W

9 z' Y9 S- N% X+ p- i( q5 T# \. c# DI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
( Q& X: \- A4 Y6 n# k7 |: v, O$ y& M6 ], l
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
+ q; h5 u* Q. J, d# s4 ~- U
/ g) L7 \+ Q8 X. QIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
4 @( C' e" E1 ~( w0 g/ W
+ J+ v, s* l' x2 d) HShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer). C) W" T' a- x

  e7 d1 `# |! DI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
7 h1 l# k) b- F( ~! W: D5 d2 w/ N. W6 w4 W" ]0 p2 W8 H$ ]4 j
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:4 Y: {/ V3 n( F" o
4 e2 t( Q! V5 `$ @
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
% i( `0 B" @, ?% h# Z  f- n. d6 O, y
) R7 ~1 G3 H, ~  |* v% }! l0 g9 J5 L. cThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
4 @# Q! p+ `$ S" `7 n
- ^& \. I& w6 ]/ xHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)' a, W8 n9 `9 G: m/ z
/ \" T" g2 T9 l& z" M$ W3 p% E
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味): x6 ]& J, J! I

+ O9 L( o( l& k. g  IWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
* s* H( ]6 R9 {* f- a2 |1 y7 ]2 h# [1 M5 F
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)& g: T$ {% Z& M6 g; T
# g* I. P  K. T8 {
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)* o4 A  Z  M' b
' F8 e- X/ K/ _" q/ G& R; L
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。! o0 k7 u0 L. Z& {! G( z2 M
4 M( m. S+ K% y- r
$ V4 q  i, [, w" g
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」。
. t: n$ T  [* q+ @) y5 z4 _
8 H; G& X1 V6 q4 D9 c例如:( a7 A( d' m- ?4 \
6 w& i2 N# d; x" C3 m
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)' Y' i* o* V4 Q" F+ s" {
" G0 ^. }; i/ Z' Z( R, f) T
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)  ^5 P# J/ S+ F" l. \- p

; E: R. \3 E6 J' ~& F/ t" d- PThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
) U) I' o4 ]* l7 M0 r7 S9 v4 _& {  L$ e) g0 t. i$ {9 j& W$ b
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。); ^9 V  }  u0 ]. F( {5 o, }/ S9 r

# G. O* b& t/ x2 ?  oMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)# {3 z' Z, C( B( b0 q) U8 O

: ]; ^' U6 |( u' h  w9 m/ }Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
8 n# F0 z2 S  P0 D
8 J, r& d8 t6 W* a) p  RCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)4 W7 R% J* M3 f5 k. q& {: f
# P; K# e& C9 p  h
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。). S( ]+ V: G. _# R4 h% B

) H/ T  \  ~7 F同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
! B3 }0 R7 {# }1 z" M" }3 G; M( @+ E% J6 j
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:8 ^9 x0 P0 g8 e1 [0 _
& R2 }+ O/ q6 o# }! }5 @) Q, ?1 Y
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;* ~; d* y2 S  B& a
7 z8 l! X2 l" l. y$ L
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;& w8 `/ B/ I) U

: M/ o  i  n3 U, [: |9 v, v对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;' B8 S' k8 ?2 }5 D: g' w1 N

) s3 q8 S) z0 w, C对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;/ r" Y* V; n( l3 Y

# C6 O/ U# c, e3 F2 v至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
; W" u$ f& G% Q1 [( z" U0 v; g
0 [0 n% I0 T2 U* ]$ T还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。6 x1 g8 D* T! v
: q$ S3 U) a! R4 L' W
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。2 v0 f5 y( Z: c" f" D; I0 K

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-9-25 08:29 , Processed in 0.066711 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表