AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
跨境债务催收/风险代理DataImpulse⚡️纯净住宅代理仅 $1FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户广告位出租
8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 5808|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
" R4 Q$ L- X4 b" f7 B) Z# c5 P4 a/ }3 k! L. X/ o
转帖
- n- P% S* Y1 J% N* |% U! S; d) h1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

! Q9 \7 P) b0 [: l0 W/ T
$ o# ~: T# X; P% t* z% t* `例如:
+ q3 m; F3 _( ^& ?$ a8 m, G. H) Y1 w. _
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
  n+ z8 S, c$ X; m; T% A1 _# J4 L, R7 J9 R
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
  w% i+ c0 m0 ^8 i0 Z9 F% I7 B. E1 X; ~9 l3 y$ Q$ o0 B
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)+ F" g8 w  `& e9 q  w' L

. a2 Z" P/ C( B- u* EThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)$ g1 T* w& v# X( O8 H1 N8 Y- q

: I0 P! s# ]4 O, Q- V# ~3 mI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)8 O, Z) H% z) z

- }! {; ~7 ~, z1 }6 d7 SMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)" s1 ?0 @, W0 S7 P

: f  I0 x% E5 v/ ]We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
& A3 \; n+ Y- P
2 s  z& K; J6 [The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
' T2 ]5 D# M- P7 [) V% d/ n, P& k$ k& {! y( s+ R. V9 p4 v
We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)5 }) D7 @9 z. ?* q0 ^! {' r
8 y7 [8 G, ?4 l
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
% g+ ?" R6 y8 q+ S' C3 p! a0 ?( Z0 _# _; j4 S! u0 }2 Y9 H
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
+ i* O% z* z2 W' t/ J$ z/ p
% K; |* d  G7 ^' V( `4 u& {6 j1 l8 k3 K
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
0 v& m7 F( c/ G4 q& S7 g3 h' p& b7 h' e+ X
例如:+ j- G& _) [- Q9 ?2 `) s% a& m
* j" c6 L4 t$ }; g/ U# y6 d) Q
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)9 b- z6 u* G( S) y$ E9 X
  g, |$ S% s; u2 _. d
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
5 Q8 b. ]" _% V( X7 w
! S  r9 u  |; FI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
" u5 Y) O4 Q! i" x1 Z5 @. u: T' J9 w& p9 X$ j  u8 @8 O
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
3 l6 O% L8 H* P/ b. ^4 p9 H5 r; [9 o7 A) z0 r, ]* B& U
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)$ f4 C  R8 Z/ P3 z
5 ^3 ?3 C7 b/ C
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
' k2 S9 g# v; `# d+ J& E5 e& ]( {
9 V5 A$ i) h4 v7 ]# |I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
2 l: Y" S4 o4 x9 [  Z
) d: G8 @9 j! v) G, b/ A7 [如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
6 Y" k5 w; L& {
6 U: H: _  Z% T% D7 T( ^The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
7 Q& W0 w4 ^5 l  y- M; R$ p5 {3 M, Z9 w( o
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
2 g# n+ {* L3 C3 A/ v
7 a* k5 U8 S! J  v7 V. _/ uHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。): N; i6 x) m$ ^9 m. s# q/ l

! Q! {0 |( p0 o! i2 oHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味): j; y/ W* e7 C/ I" i+ p

: X9 E' Y2 |& x( m6 AWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)( t; ?1 V6 ^* }9 t5 w1 Q

0 W% D' y0 W2 a" k% lEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)* b0 p& I0 u: P' E) W2 Z
0 l7 o9 p( _8 G5 p3 l& t
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
8 X! L  b! O8 s
& e5 P: j2 i% J( G0 S& I此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
3 n2 ]. l/ w' d' I
  k. G: h! p; Q5 f6 N. F6 u' l3 E  J0 J- n# m
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
8 c# b1 y- E7 ]; i/ q
$ i% s5 `) C1 {; K例如:
4 G! c, f2 N+ H6 U3 Y2 d6 N5 Q$ q7 f& c" A# h% r/ s  _' h. [
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
) n3 ]" ~/ F6 {( j3 c6 D. }, W: s- x3 X6 `  D% O% Z
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)3 N$ b) D% V4 ^  Y9 `  _
2 c/ q/ A4 i% z
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
0 P  A0 C- t. d. J) P2 G( o. v& s0 D3 L0 h' z5 Z: x
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)" O. k& s8 ], `2 V3 G

  Q( y4 E& I- |Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
1 `) R8 g- a: `9 |
: l3 h! |9 Q  J' y/ S+ Z% D( t+ ]! ]Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)# V3 \, n: n  o
" y' L6 @) u1 H0 @* _: G
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)7 ^1 I9 F6 ~, |: V; L, l: W6 I3 l, m

4 r2 P# V/ f: U2 w9 Y. e; mStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)3 W8 L; R6 B6 c5 \1 `& ^# n
9 @/ @& u0 G1 u6 b; Q; e- a0 u
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。0 U( W! R; P3 p5 m
- T6 {6 x+ R/ ?4 s9 d$ e5 z
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
; Z$ y; Z: u' i' V. v9 s% W
# E2 Y8 w) Q* m  E( S* O9 m7 ~对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;5 l: ^1 B1 L& P) R) g7 h% P7 _
1 }$ ]5 C0 H7 N$ i7 N
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
% w& h& A0 [* O* t  B7 |. [/ d* R# g, E  [5 e
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;( j" D# G* C( s* G! Z) i. Q
! u  G( ]5 T3 u6 z1 K  n. y
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;  n4 O1 R9 {1 |6 a' X% n+ O' e
1 l4 R% [# C" c3 G3 e- u
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:9 J0 q/ P- ]+ C  r6 u  G% a: V: u* `

" \7 e# K; Z; X* b# F' y( H) @5 W1 w还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
+ z8 p, Z; |0 g: N" J
2 O2 B9 g5 m5 F5 ?; K1 U+ K有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
  {) K; S7 h+ |7 T; ~' Y' K) u

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-4-11 06:03 , Processed in 0.048429 second(s), 18 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表