找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️比特浏览器+云手机 |防关联防封号
Facebook截流, 1 次点击 2 次曝光广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构
查看: 6640|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Deepclick
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
" ~& l8 b( e) U/ F. b% f* L8 U6 G
转帖
$ Z+ i9 g4 ]/ L5 s6 X( H6 E1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
# @9 |$ h" N* R& j

7 f) O% S" `) ]+ Y5 H例如:: U- M* v8 r$ R4 w! j
# E* q4 x$ \& W# O8 Q; ?# G3 H6 r
Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白); s( h4 K, H; m  K

. t: g- x8 y' v2 d+ F( IThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)! ]% ]. k! Y1 L' [
, u5 q3 V. \7 Q. U4 ?9 b8 @
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)* S( b& C8 u4 x. }# p  u! ^, W# R
, I" u1 D9 s0 s$ e" g& N& Z; {
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
- z7 I( T3 a( }1 j
! R! R0 I$ U# `4 I* h1 w5 M% SI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。), D& k4 q8 R3 E$ c  n' I

  R) G/ p; h7 W( S, B: b/ f8 SMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
7 v& g8 ^+ @* Y) I0 T
. a9 I7 A$ B6 C1 |3 J+ lWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
0 w8 [; I  A1 ^2 T( g$ e1 d8 {
# P% Y2 U' A" {7 [/ xThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)9 _5 L1 T- n8 A0 ~: Y

6 _) U! l+ P7 o2 ~! `We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
+ u/ p# w$ u; ?' r. E2 t; G# R. c8 I  U; d- Z: h1 R  z7 `
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)( T2 k4 k' O* [, ?1 u& x

! O  x0 Y' A6 x/ H: J这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
! p/ c7 k  D5 e/ h6 q
' I: b$ K6 X# I+ K" H" }, p9 W3 ~0 t0 p& J" ^5 U9 v& \
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。5 {) U2 H  g4 K: }) m* D" O
: b0 Z' P2 m( U8 o5 z7 p
例如:
3 Z" c# }' v# a# H" i' g
' W7 l& l' ]6 z; LAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
' a" v% t; ]8 B/ \
: I; B  h% P6 O, nDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
( |" j4 _, q6 ^4 z3 w
. s# A# O7 ~% `- {6 u' w* uI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)( [6 W  J: U- _9 W9 X- A# I
& h0 i, u8 }" S4 @# P2 z
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
  }; ~) h& P& _& r7 h. x0 {
% _4 o. M' o& R# V, ZIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)$ C6 u+ P0 Y  W  G0 F# L
# g, K* ?9 H5 ~% V! d
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)9 s7 @3 _7 @7 {8 p2 N4 b
  G+ [- t7 D! Y* d6 R' m' X
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)9 t* E* S+ p# |
9 v' Z; z7 f) V/ z
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:% `9 M& m( i! o. i. ]/ x& W0 e

% g0 Z$ L" o+ e: R+ R; T6 Z2 y- J. IThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
' f7 K: c1 d/ m# ]7 T( Z% c% I# [8 q( I' _
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)" O7 y/ d4 l4 e. Q$ N6 z
/ w3 P# P  }& x' t  H* M3 {
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)- m" _0 R! \/ v) c# F# J
% h8 u2 u, p) f$ f' q& y; v! e
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
8 y8 e+ _$ d7 {$ p' r. \
6 Z! w- @5 j+ @3 z+ [We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的). E( o1 c/ @. C8 G" d# }3 P0 t

5 s9 i' A. Q, l* s; B, h* tEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
2 k; Q* _1 f# s% \5 l
2 P$ D% [. o$ `7 r0 w写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.); S9 l: q( m+ p* t' Y  a
4 H! x: e# {* B* f
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
$ @+ f8 @; s' V  @. O4 }9 M6 ~& \" c" W- N

7 Y2 u, B& t& O; n  P3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」( f. M5 C. E. W) Z/ _7 J" [

: J/ o, P( i9 X$ d例如:: k0 C% }4 J: q; T% H; Y0 d9 t; A
; u. h* v( g2 o6 }! g' _
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
& n, P6 b; G4 k( `7 V$ T3 |( R5 F
4 H* \6 ~: T: qManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources), ^& _7 E. n. E$ }; _+ c: g
2 z& [# D2 [# u5 l0 I! F
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
+ ~4 f: W6 F( w+ k+ V, E) o
4 y3 \7 T9 h" z% V5 \$ B9 K; q! `He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
4 }& e4 a) O+ V, h
( I( N  S) T' ~8 s; `3 QMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
' C* X, x( U) o% M& U4 S4 t
3 o# v4 N: D$ D5 N2 Y% Z6 pPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别), ~/ x) J6 Q) {  w) y
  U: |3 H4 X4 z, i  f7 \
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)5 Y& e1 Y. F% a: h8 h$ J
7 e0 F" h8 A0 q
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)6 H' @' V; a0 ^$ k, e

3 A2 q6 V2 q1 Z2 a* x同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
! c9 ~4 ~$ M- U* @! i. M# V
: S: C. f* @6 `, n3 |5 ^当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
7 {6 r% E0 g- G/ Z2 j4 ^8 g" [- H, F" H" O( C: P! {! j8 z/ a
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;: r3 i% J& @# t7 ]0 s- a* o: X  D

/ j# g: M6 }& D& O% W" A" L% s对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
8 ?3 \* |: B/ j2 T' G8 ^- t# L4 A' p+ V- h
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;2 y/ a0 K1 G5 `" T+ p/ ?

6 n; K( r" ^) u/ Z1 e% i$ |7 l9 f对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
! r! d6 z0 r7 }3 ^( }, p3 _7 K/ u8 t' M6 f) I2 U
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
) Z, A' K& @+ Y% |& s3 F
# B* Y2 S7 V3 l" |& L! b; M还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。) L& H" ~1 ]) ~8 w4 n& N

# d6 U, s* p0 Q% V  a, m有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
/ e7 a0 L9 P( P+ q7 c! y

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-7-28 21:55 , Processed in 0.067934 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表