找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️比特浏览器+云手机 |防关联防封号
Facebook截流, 1 次点击 2 次曝光✔Taboola海外户广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6674|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Deepclick
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
% ?! M  Y4 a6 k- z$ c. ~; q
, |( w; O4 u* l: H( R: }5 n转帖
! B# Q; W2 h" L& `0 k: ~/ w* q1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

! m; S7 z) Y2 Y8 X  W! a- u3 ^4 ~( W$ n+ x- a" @2 f8 j8 H
例如:
! d& W- x% f9 g
1 [  r" Z! w6 k* Z. R; xMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)* K* }3 K5 m% Q

' M3 I3 y# a7 m3 uThree hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
( D8 w( I% ]# d+ ]5 E& M' G+ H
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
) M; F7 T8 g5 k2 H5 p
$ k9 \: C6 w- X, \0 O* C# HThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)/ F" ?6 u. w7 n0 A( f1 r
5 i8 D2 u- ?, o$ k' Z+ m9 w
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
0 i8 r# u2 T) D4 W
; I8 C2 Z* `7 h7 y! c8 h: yMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
5 R! y4 d! _5 n% |8 X- v" G; {# Z7 o( r
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
& u: g3 {# p& q  l' ~4 g! z7 u: m1 j8 y3 F  U# A$ o
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词): \: K  A2 g& B. `

9 M% Z* o. U6 VWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)0 d, z" I& d* L" A! m6 J
4 M& b( x0 ~) o9 N, v
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)3 ]; d, T4 {! G- t) D

$ r2 m% c1 z: d7 c- L4 v这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
, ]9 V: m- p: j$ M7 u6 k: G+ a+ J$ M
* R& H; v4 G1 G1 \- Z/ f
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。9 }' @: c- l4 d9 s( l& E+ `8 m9 Y

8 X& I5 z, F0 B3 D! n2 n+ i8 a例如:6 y, C8 A5 ^  S6 T* K

& |+ T. u) K7 S8 p7 h7 D/ N5 fAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
5 q, ?, L' ~, d: t
" x6 F3 E! }7 ]% h! W3 @  [Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)2 m- a% V, q, N+ q+ A1 L' o

- o" i6 `3 e3 XI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
# b) Q) s' w/ s3 [+ s1 ^- s$ g; k+ X. J' m
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because), B* n* S2 a5 u( u0 x

& e4 N+ o" V7 V7 H$ [* q: q9 p5 _/ pIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
/ E3 u6 ?0 i0 q0 C9 ^4 J
1 u0 @& U9 q/ V  a% n- h; X+ X9 vShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)5 V( E8 x* H6 b) R) p
+ D3 W1 P* Z+ e7 Y3 T* A- a/ P
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)# m, }, I1 n2 ]
. m% j' [. T( p0 u
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
3 ?4 O0 N( w+ B5 o) r( l1 [$ E" M8 P+ u$ `0 o
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)( L; ~9 k" v8 j+ B: C; N  Y

% G' W# {) w9 OThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
$ |* r! R& J& ]9 \+ Z2 D. ~* c3 u; P* b
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
" {* N5 x6 I  P) v& H. A- v* m0 {. h8 T- f6 Z
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
8 J! |* x6 i* j0 S4 V! o
  W1 k' [) j' C5 ^' ?. U2 eWe assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
* o: ?* @2 n' h( I
6 l) @# c' F8 e9 AEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
8 i7 O9 A+ @& Q' Z
8 v4 D" F) m! V7 U$ k2 H4 P写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
* H. I+ m* L% V" V. i7 X2 c  |$ ~; i, Z2 |. g" v  u
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。; g/ [+ b+ j; G- w, \; ^

9 ^+ w( B- }# a! C; M9 w- ]9 S6 Q* J$ m- j+ E6 E2 i: `5 \
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
( ~- [5 j, B: s4 H  l( @! m  ]( @, B1 Y  e/ T) N& I5 o, H8 G; J
例如:9 S- q1 R% {& G- |& n
, @  i0 D9 {& `. |8 T
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
; Z: z" e# S5 U2 T$ r2 x
6 T" B6 x5 e  F, fManpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)6 |- m& H+ }3 G
* a9 x& T8 }) T) [/ y8 S0 L
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
9 s1 y% y; H: i/ p5 M3 _" }9 ~8 L6 d* d% k6 U
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)( Y0 @. e0 n/ k) s5 q

* w- f2 r% Y3 w; F! T: DMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
2 a8 Q" B! `$ S2 W4 x) j6 R2 k* S7 U/ w; M( a; {: P( f) _; m
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)7 S( l' t& J! d" G8 @( Q
% W+ Z) N' B3 a4 W2 m/ e
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)' r9 G9 J  V8 T& l7 O

, M( b: p8 z1 t9 t5 o5 [3 T, jStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
; O! {# P, G3 J! [6 s% [0 N
) W% J* r4 z/ g5 y同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。5 J$ g4 g( i' b

- I1 ]; i5 ~* ?! D当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
; X% o9 ]6 i1 k) b# I# W
: \: L5 n! q- q9 f对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;7 C. C# _( }( H8 _
' |* ]  i# r6 ~/ i9 ~2 d& ^
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
0 ^* m' w* J6 s3 g6 }" q7 h6 A4 I
5 c; |6 V6 L- s% ~* W$ \6 ]. Y对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;  a# o) @! S* E- W
2 l5 F- ~. k5 r& H. U
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;/ i7 v9 v7 T2 Z2 p3 a: E# |7 l

  R+ \. i. d* f( _/ r( z- i至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:; }; u, |% q8 g$ C0 w
: c% P" V  s% Z$ [9 Z" R: D
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
' p  q. V# z. y, m  v5 N* c' z' ?8 v9 L' Q& `) a! L  y
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。* D/ ?9 }3 t3 o

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-8-2 15:02 , Processed in 0.097617 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表