找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手
TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️
比特浏览器+云手机 |防关联防封号Facebook截流, 1 次点击 2 次曝光广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 6527|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
Deepclick
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
' m( {- ^" G: S5 ~) V) C5 l* D3 U( i" r
转帖
  F3 D) c. J7 b4 c1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
! @( }" Y) B% X( x% ~& Q6 b
/ N$ j- b5 T% u; u$ ^8 T
例如:. d9 N, U' g: H3 h. T9 [

! m% s5 i8 _$ _5 u; E  `Many people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)2 z# r. ?* ]" j! E% ]2 e2 Q

! s# ^/ j* x5 y  h" X  n. r6 @Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)) s& |' o$ W: s2 I) `

/ Q2 l" M6 c7 C# j3 [$ V8 hThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread), u* u3 |% w8 ]7 |2 @- _0 `5 S* n* `
: o% c  o6 A2 c, }# W
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)+ h1 N# M1 b9 i7 h% _& o7 |. w

4 v% _7 z& D3 ]" i0 j0 {/ E! m0 uI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)) ?. @$ b4 ]6 C" A% t; n7 l
( s0 S2 ^# k2 S
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
2 h/ j2 S. l2 \# r3 i( S- l1 X, y
4 Q# b4 l8 j, C8 B; Q) Z9 @We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
+ d8 D5 T! }' f" v9 k7 m' n& k3 }( S# r' N) `
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
# Z) h+ ]6 Z& Q# d* \  M! t" J1 ^
1 m% Q3 e' a$ {( L. }) DWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
& t) Q& Z, h; P& @
6 `" W; v( U' l+ c9 e, f4 FPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
9 H1 y+ o3 z+ V. L; v1 [- `1 @( k6 m: d- j
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!# [# K  E  [- }6 Y8 ^9 j% _

4 Z5 t4 N' }% y/ S( E7 B2 q0 f
( ~  ~$ G3 {9 K5 ~- v2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
9 X- p0 M. x& J" ^" t
1 e4 ?/ @5 Z4 E' Y! Y$ d例如:
$ T6 M) A7 T, X4 L% A5 Y4 w- G. E5 S, ^) ~; k8 V, B
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)3 D; a) o6 J0 Z4 ~, u, k
' I0 k6 P- b: z
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
% E$ x4 L; }1 h6 m( s# q5 M% @* R" \* `* O
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)( ]$ z4 ?! h9 h9 V, h+ y* g  e
! O" J4 K. ]' c( x: u
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)7 s4 H( O& h; s! Y" ?1 b0 J8 z
+ O# L2 U6 e" L$ L6 k
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
9 P  _! h; D4 p, |, j3 Z4 f2 U. v( ^) U0 p. j: a% B
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
% R4 f& m! ^) k& y* s, @& t9 Q
- q7 Z& O% V' M& \I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
: E0 z) O# z1 L9 @; I8 u' u, Y; O: i' z% b1 D* K
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
( w0 L/ z) [! J$ f+ o
$ S9 t. C1 A' [, c* k. N  GThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
3 j4 d0 \( I! w) V3 I
* }) K: d, X1 h, O$ o7 a% F* xThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
: R* P1 R7 D( P8 s# W8 q: a1 N/ x2 K9 o/ @6 X& S
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
, S' M+ @" b" j' l) T
" D, }- O" D- q* O) U& _& hHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味). O7 d% H( B2 Q* Q$ D
) u+ e- h1 t! b$ c# c' c9 |1 E+ n6 z
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)% b5 T. \2 y9 \, i

- F* x+ |- C2 c; a1 k5 o/ ]$ oEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)  y) [$ M/ Q5 E/ T, c9 ]% T
9 o. |. ~" }6 J5 D
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)6 T) L9 D3 g! R* _, |2 ]2 k
. \# [+ j, W2 _4 ?# Y+ N% q. D$ [
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。& G( H/ C# N& E* i. W2 Z3 H8 {4 }

! s5 v: }2 z/ {' T
4 i: L5 C$ v' d* ?& @3 I3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」* S5 f! A( _! ], v* ~! d$ a
- \  T$ n6 t! n( ?- I2 I/ \" a
例如:
2 g1 ]2 B/ Z5 S3 M( S4 |% L* n& I: j1 H' v
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
& G  w9 g8 E+ `% d% ~1 A2 _" C* C( p5 z: Y. G1 ~1 Z( X
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources): k# X7 e5 ~. g, K( c( W  F. B/ {

# s0 v( q% L) Q$ `4 J" f1 T8 LThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)' Y- z8 b) h4 F1 E. M

- P. c0 @+ q+ A) J" x. DHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)( j, Q& P: F0 X1 P

2 u* y$ U( [% D# p- H- [Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
. I; w/ q7 P6 K" o. A, f" R
: u# [# ^! I% W+ J5 OPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
* p9 a$ U% N  ], u1 b* K7 v5 `/ [9 `0 |' y6 b) p+ f' s% e
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)  u, d/ d% `, @" E2 E' t

9 l  L' r! _" bStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
* k, O6 T+ e3 z% M: r1 w+ X( z, U$ w* p% y* K
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
1 P9 |7 f. q7 n: J8 t7 M/ q, m/ N4 c) h( ^' d" V0 O
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
+ u) F3 ^3 y) I: }7 M2 [2 u1 e" S4 `/ ^1 n+ b6 U
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
5 f' ^- E# m! _8 T
& R& d) r7 q; D对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
( c2 B5 Q5 W! v8 e4 p. E* d. y1 a' ]! n
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;$ ]5 {1 v$ C7 F& j' K0 ~9 t( Z# b. R

3 @, b, C9 }2 y4 e' T1 f2 P9 p对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;4 ~8 r: h8 n: l4 ?* N# }
- L% F4 t0 ^% [+ B, t2 d: z5 S
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
0 {! C. b% |6 ~2 U1 C
9 g  @; E7 E2 a2 R1 X还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。6 c" i. h: x7 I9 ^* F4 i
8 q, W9 C$ b& ~' _$ ]2 j
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
7 ^  X" F2 i3 i& H$ V

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-7-14 21:46 , Processed in 0.058932 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表