AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户海外CL企业户源头FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量
FB广告Spy工具⚡免费试用✅ FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️
FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天广告位出租
8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 6101|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 - J) r, ]& X$ c
2 e1 ^- }% g' w% _
转帖6 u8 u8 _( ^" C, i  E$ v
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
; k7 N6 f% {3 U% m% m0 M% q

* w$ A- i, A$ ]0 \( I例如:+ a( I: T* m2 p1 K  u5 F$ o

: ?& _7 o1 ]& J+ T* ]& XMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
6 P  L$ @9 C1 Y1 u, f: w, C
+ P* e# H) j) L# D* @5 \Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
$ |# @; l  E; n5 E$ Q! n4 r7 i2 i0 h4 D
. f6 b# h0 f% ]6 E" a7 bThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
( v0 L+ ]/ P& c& z! G* o
) v% y( q  O/ T, c0 Y0 `) j/ {The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
  u; x- y3 N; p( [1 |+ v" B8 Y- Z3 {4 P, w" o3 d1 [2 t( A) D
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)6 p5 m# e$ |7 t. `% g9 x% m3 D4 L
4 g  u* r/ @$ H. e+ o
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
; k3 A  t1 E0 e' M
$ d: \; f: S9 E! p! pWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
) q2 ]0 \% E& V) p5 A
& S1 Q0 I! _7 K0 D/ f/ kThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
' t4 C/ ]- A7 P, ?5 T
3 E' D% ], f4 M( b: _' oWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
0 ~" N+ `6 y2 r+ C5 F- ^0 `  `3 u' W( @4 r" w4 w! Z+ e
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
, h! x3 T9 L# U8 `( Z4 H& q+ _- ^! d  |1 v8 e% R
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!1 _+ Z0 s6 a  \- m
6 C" b) `6 Z# I$ }. n

1 l* d1 E/ E. X) Z2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
' h/ q6 N4 A' m& A2 ?' o8 n. `7 J7 ^# U. i- I
例如:. ~! Z' e& M' u8 |4 i; g# ^0 P

; p% y; R7 |; W' u' YAt this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
4 n  M$ B1 p: n% f7 h# q; r8 i  I, _0 O+ ~1 h* N
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)0 K8 l! c8 ?& [3 d: E* i% b* y
& V5 j" f  [6 @+ J; }1 ^! O/ _
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
+ H1 a6 L# e$ S, W$ f, M- g
/ u) R% d0 R/ R: y% n% Y# NHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
# N" m0 y! G: B- w: o
9 @4 X, m$ s" x5 L, }In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)2 G7 z4 X$ z( w  {. o1 \9 D7 d

: O: E1 W; z% o/ Q9 j+ q' XShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)0 [5 F4 [% {" `$ K( l$ k' `- s

! g' N4 ~% C+ ?- ZI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)5 m/ `  ~, B, o( ?& t, S3 ?
3 S8 X- u% Y0 L  U
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
) ]; U9 C3 m3 Y( f. Q3 f7 O; M5 ?1 g2 }# E
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)+ L7 O% }0 C6 M  R% k# F
/ @/ v- m6 E8 P1 d/ }- W1 {% o
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)* V6 n8 W7 L) x  Y1 M! T
; Y# }& a" I6 E4 ~$ \6 T
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)8 Q# ^! d" g' z! v; S; C

1 s/ ^5 D- K4 vHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)# Z5 J9 R( v1 J$ T
- r+ ~- I4 r0 v; ?5 M2 S$ H- g9 ]
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
& Z. I! y! G* x( \
! n: D8 }  K. mEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
$ [7 L6 B6 T1 e" U% h5 Z
5 N% W5 d' s' Z. h写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
7 b, _: t7 D/ w+ r
  c0 g1 |4 k4 D! T( ~此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。1 }& T5 K: O/ u4 ~0 Z9 Z# a7 Y" [

. V9 @- y% C3 B' U3 Y9 s4 v, J% i& x) {8 [1 b- K+ R
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」3 ]6 j) F7 @, x* q

4 ~3 a6 `! @* Q/ F) q例如:& N1 w* w7 O3 f: Q$ v1 L0 ^
; {* s" V8 Y4 t& f$ J( b. ?4 r6 G
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数); K& |. \+ x9 R9 W# H  S% M! Y. o
4 \1 G  d9 M1 l4 L4 ~, k5 S9 Q
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)3 [+ j% p4 O1 l( F0 B
  K3 F- v1 @  A- z7 z) K% F
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了). Y# Y, K  E' m4 G# x' X
' K' q0 O( [+ t9 h0 i  Z
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
, W& j7 X- }9 @& H
' z' @$ M3 H2 Q% \8 F3 VMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
1 w" f, @* ?7 C4 x7 z4 q9 e3 }" E! M; O
! g2 V, e2 O6 {, m( MPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
8 l; l, R8 H: \4 |
1 g. R+ F8 R) B& z/ C+ XCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)2 u1 f9 E& H4 E" C- W% Z
7 v( Q3 `& O# U+ p4 ?! H
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)9 V' T5 l4 [* Z( C

0 r% X( c! v- x3 c" s同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
0 g8 C  b( n! G/ ^- M4 ]5 L( }
) R& q6 H: t) o' v! ?. t: @( Y' l当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:$ C1 U% W# y2 _! x
. C% Q# [$ i. Y1 |1 g  C
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
* k1 m0 U) M4 C, K. x0 L& U: X. k
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;- w) I) i  Z: a+ Y, i: b6 v* L4 n( R$ R7 c
, g6 _' d7 W% e( w1 T. z- |7 [; K0 n$ m
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
! w' u0 W" ?/ h( j- `$ h8 u: z& r5 `  ?# y2 a0 K
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
. l" n4 F8 \$ \, W9 p3 m- i. H& O- V' q0 O" F6 f) k9 c5 T
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:- x# M  D! W9 N$ X0 j

$ h7 r' m/ S* d  t& q8 U$ F还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
& f+ L* C5 O& e! J* H* A8 n; ?1 l- ?6 F" c  U( l* o
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
/ V4 R; J; G1 E5 {

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-5-22 15:48 , Processed in 0.049138 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表