AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值
Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款
各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB资源,账单户,分享户,国内一手TK加白户/二解户/FB海外户/GG老户
FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多FB广告Spy工具⚡免费试用✅ FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天
广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构 
查看: 6174|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑 , v0 T2 G  X- Q

5 }3 p5 \" K7 B转帖7 v7 _8 \* a8 I8 h
1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
: T: W! i. M1 R& r4 f' y
) P+ A' r6 p$ c% I9 U- K, C
例如:  Y, `1 P! y  z- b7 z

  s& [: a( @" N+ tMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
; W: u. \. i8 Q  R) ~3 Y9 X8 b1 z! B4 a* N9 w
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)7 b0 ?1 ]. L# G4 w
9 T4 [. |: A3 q6 W! f9 D
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
) V9 s; ?; y. c4 D
* e7 U  s" u7 [- X$ sThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)5 F" P4 [0 E  L, v. C) @/ W
) q; z) W4 ?3 ^
I have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)" @* i3 @  ^# z2 X1 o- |7 L, ^% K% S

1 L- T( r# E- WMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
& Q9 A3 K1 S. m0 P3 ^: l
( j( o; x0 T. lWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
5 l/ s7 A% J9 ^
7 f% ]( Q' h$ t$ k2 y! S: DThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)! e6 f; [# J, m3 b

2 A" l, @/ P6 ?! n: ?2 wWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
" W) Q( h6 w& d; n" T3 C6 K8 P! z  {& ?% B% x3 D  [- g4 {: O
Please act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
) V2 s$ r1 ?* a. v
* r+ R8 M* \% t这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!$ _5 s! k* g" S; G- y$ V3 Q9 c5 a

5 g: c0 d9 @& Q$ I
/ ^0 n9 j/ y$ {' m2 b3 x: S2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。
( n/ }7 Q" O9 W! ?# O
( J" \/ w0 U& C+ P. H) `* [/ q例如:3 F- H! P' J$ P! j8 c7 A
- v6 o8 O4 x  k" e% }. J
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)6 ~- |- G; a  n3 A' e' W

4 D9 Q* t( {6 m2 @; aDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)5 n* h6 b; {. a1 o

; Z8 F- ^- L' y8 h5 ?I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
; J1 f3 t& K' Q8 b  o0 _; l7 O2 M# W. T
He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
* t* d! O+ [4 n4 _9 L0 v- Q: b; `8 X5 y* l& d- W) t
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)
! B2 g) F; r% n% J- z( [1 m, n( T' v8 y$ Y9 |% N
She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
  ?8 `1 m& e* o1 B, \* S- N* D* R( ?* I: `+ P0 J  x) `
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)
1 T; U% u' T( m4 ?. K
" g+ h1 j1 v" H3 z2 B' t$ C如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
5 q/ v0 q2 g8 ?& \
6 u3 h: D' _- O& F1 K7 AThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)
0 ?3 n3 M5 P% W$ x5 w- \/ c7 F( T; l. \' L; O! m0 p5 z
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
8 y4 |7 F5 }+ \: n
, {( m0 l; E. I5 b, k" v2 A; |He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
& k$ T0 ]2 u% H8 w. j* e- F  Q
& h# @$ c4 K; \6 R; }' s0 `4 DHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味): r9 J: u% D$ R/ E
3 T, f" n, `5 v' @
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)
; \! z$ F. \- R- n' K* \, {! B3 s' y5 V8 r4 }2 X+ i
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)' J& [, \1 P$ e: [
/ G, u6 N$ C4 J7 S
写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
3 R+ l3 m2 k) a% i" y- N3 L1 [0 @' f
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
8 O6 I8 a% ~* E  x5 w5 Q
- v" z  v! }0 |( G  A9 a- `- [
0 U* s; R+ `9 q& {2 D3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
+ q4 k" y8 z0 @3 {) V
0 @7 E, A8 t" S0 C7 ]/ W' K例如:9 d5 [  [1 y* c  ?/ s' k
% F3 y2 d7 N+ K0 @
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)5 u6 p  p8 L- g' f4 ?
0 x8 C. K2 y" G3 W1 J+ T
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
; Y% x  g" k! M5 q' \. K8 U! b2 d, Y3 W- J
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)  y. x% N( v' P5 B1 s- C
" Q) o$ u5 }8 {3 U9 o3 J
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)2 V* e9 p6 x6 I0 G, U

/ o5 A* `, P8 ~+ ^; T, r3 f  jMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
# V! y2 a0 ~/ E/ q8 s9 }: E8 y8 g# ^" L  X8 ~2 S0 {* ~
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别). k/ [) e9 y. g) E9 V
0 @- j% T! u/ b( A- J
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)! P1 ?! S8 _. [/ _8 I

& F0 H' L* @& @& H9 U9 wStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
5 j3 c. F$ U" v) S% M- B- T+ k+ x! D/ h' \& l" [
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。( Q- [% S8 @" r' o$ c

1 @% i- c2 E/ u2 p" y) L( E1 T当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:  ~, _8 B4 _6 T. _
0 _4 Y) k5 [0 O/ [( d
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
( [# O' l: l) O7 v+ y
. v# d% o9 |# m# N' S对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;0 Q* ?, I' Z$ A
- b9 A6 d( i% s# ?' p3 \. \
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
2 n9 g& M! \- ?: @4 k0 v, t4 z
/ |/ T. b% z$ V9 Z; T  G对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
% T! E- }2 {4 p: F" h2 Z* h/ H' \7 x! H+ @' o) v. B8 G* @
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:9 h$ N8 b+ d8 u) N7 A
8 z0 z' Q7 j5 {. J7 x: X3 p
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。. G4 t: y2 [; }

. T- a  b: L6 M7 S0 T  v' j  r有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。) Q. E" W' G8 [1 O7 _/ L

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-6-1 07:03 , Processed in 0.046801 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表