AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)⚡️TikTok企业户,bm户,账单户IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP
FB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户海外CL企业户源头PTM虚拟卡[全新卡BIN+高返点]FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多
最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白SX.ORG 高质量代理⚡235+ 地区
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️跨境债务催收/风险代理FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户Proxy4Free独家住宅IP池❤️免费测试
联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天广告位出租8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求
虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构   
查看: 5913|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
PTMLink
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
5 T% x3 ^6 f: [% i; B* Z  i- w5 \' v# V8 u. Q8 L
转帖
& o2 x' w2 k2 x- D& f1 J1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
) O/ H! p! k2 }3 D- I# M" e7 _

' y8 G  x! |+ o! H* G" I- N例如:' p9 h1 I; ^- S5 Z) J' `, f

: S% g' o& e) V5 BMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白). a& m" s; v3 Y. z( `5 {1 ^6 X1 _! w

9 S9 F& A7 Z0 B! k7 P/ ~Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)" E. Q. B% Y$ N& d2 [0 A
, b6 R" a/ `0 M
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)$ k: N( h: N" k$ n
0 h/ T4 ~; ^) L* [$ a6 ?+ _
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
/ X, m, A5 ?+ X: [0 ?$ F
: S% U  @' }2 j9 p4 d6 a0 mI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
4 q; G8 P6 E. s. S3 m1 {+ f( S! c# p0 K9 p) Y
Mr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
/ }. P' V$ L  Y1 q0 E
* a" d+ U/ r5 Z6 [3 `* L4 bWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
7 X% M" M6 \- L* v1 z# ?5 y: g3 F: s. Q8 n" T  U0 |+ i  A, _
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)' E# K  D' ]: P4 K/ R0 P

! c  r/ ~, a. J. I+ q5 ~We don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)1 D& [/ j/ Q0 I+ x

9 [4 g2 J( `  l& N: e* d+ I: B8 SPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)" B: X8 [2 x# U5 f8 b1 Q! u/ b: y
% k% U2 z1 D0 o( H9 Y
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!& C8 ]& w2 a7 s/ ~0 S5 O/ _. d

# X" C- g+ d$ q  w
% ]7 y9 r( p7 S" h! D3 h2 L2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。& z- `/ N+ f( T1 k' l
- M" U6 y, _+ b, d
例如:
* v5 q  n7 h+ |& e  T! C8 C8 J3 g* E& ?- R: j, Y9 o( E( d' w8 N
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
* p1 J  U3 H6 J: W8 D- m' I/ b- Y& f8 F5 u0 C
Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)" ?6 _& C1 ?! b8 S8 ?4 z

1 C) P! D& T& t, P# pI am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
7 C2 Q& x+ D; X9 `
$ q- e& i% M' E3 h4 ^He quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
7 J$ y5 B- x% O6 ~9 Q* b  b) V
, K+ h  ^" J% Y: DIn the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)  L2 _+ T: X. ^8 E* J* Y; C

! N2 y& u( O% W, @# ?+ t" g( vShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)  }0 _, h9 h; G& ^

/ w: p! E! }2 ?2 m: bI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)/ b) [8 }* x$ D( c$ ^

5 m8 X; _% ^' i$ m( A$ f如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
0 x7 S7 b$ c1 w6 m& g5 a" _; D
, o4 Z0 z3 Y; \& b, tThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)$ L3 L1 E& C6 l, X" _0 V
- x5 @$ g. m$ {- f; v7 N0 [& Y
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)  ]7 D$ j; I5 X1 X0 Y! h9 ~

5 v7 @( a/ m3 a  Q$ A8 T' W$ OHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
9 x+ K9 c/ Q6 c9 C9 u" T7 a" r4 @% y7 l3 @/ k" u
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)) z9 D# q: F6 |
4 s% H3 z6 V. b
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的). b$ P9 d1 H2 ]0 t

  l) g! R4 |# h- K! t' QEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)$ _, A0 ~* U! w6 x. g( a8 _. ?

# e3 S$ [) ~- ]  V- w写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)4 S- ?* e, G5 i: `" W3 R0 Q
' m2 ~$ M. ^- G1 |% m& b# X% C8 s
此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。
& k# A3 t- _9 ~: x! ]3 J, Y" L! b" g2 J- P

6 q: b9 ?1 t' u9 T3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」
* K1 ^0 m! I5 w9 P/ t4 A# E! \" S: F4 u7 y& v; y+ o
例如:
( G: {% L. I* `( s7 O/ p8 Q; [% Y$ R4 J- W* X
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
& m' z2 Y7 F0 k$ }& o
0 W" j8 t# ?4 h, d# ^' u. B# @Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)
6 I. G5 m, y) Z6 r3 I
* m& |) X* t, H3 `. P2 }5 mThis small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
/ `, U- ?; H: _1 x, Y
5 W2 ^8 o- N7 U. _# \) W# m; OHe (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
% G! s; ^% A' x+ s# c' X& h
( j/ f$ x: o& |; x3 l* yMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)( p1 D7 P' Y) Y

- n9 O3 H$ S, _1 h) XPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)) ~1 a0 x7 O3 k6 k8 i
* D4 L& y. t! O* a
Congressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)
* U1 e# P' o6 C8 N* o  z3 |0 H0 ^4 r) Z
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
- P) Z/ S% d  C0 |6 M% Q4 s
! l0 U& M7 B0 k$ h7 ]: x  b* D5 s" ?同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
0 f+ S' V7 R* M
/ P. f. w0 `4 V8 V3 g: e5 J7 P$ G当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:% p8 E  r0 D. R2 c8 X( z

9 A6 n' c: b# j0 _' v对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
7 F  R  B; h4 G; G
' `  o. H; R/ e2 I对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
2 |  o1 I* u7 @4 I; w- f" R/ n6 N: h7 u8 O# ]* u1 k' l
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
+ W; g1 L  E2 T7 ?1 D  A' K4 V! C# _; r
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;( T: ^0 A# s  `3 Z6 s3 s
7 }# g9 v: z) S! Q$ W+ Q' u
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:6 W5 o- }" r0 c' f4 n

" o# c/ j; n( M" t& d还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。
" m+ Q. y" ?( C9 l; {, E4 ~+ h$ n, R- T$ @1 w1 u- p
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。4 v3 ~9 ~2 \4 b( P" \, b6 _+ t

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-4-25 09:12 , Processed in 0.045973 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表