找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具
ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告
尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)
IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISP海外CL企业户源头最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量 FB高权重耐操个号⚡️稳定过审
GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇⚡️Spend.net — 美元卡仅需$0⚡️
✔Taboola海外户9千万住宅IP-低至$0.3/gb✅静态$4/ip广告位出租虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构
查看: 6887|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
+ t! h* ~6 ^- D8 o
/ T! v9 P1 L0 p0 \1 M7 M, ^1 |转帖
% P4 z+ Y% u7 r% j: S: `9 V$ @. @* P1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)
  D! O* E% A% [5 Q4 R. b- A
4 u% ]- z4 Y5 |- X6 }* D3 B
例如:6 u% ^0 M$ l1 E( l3 ^1 n

, r5 m. M( W! d- Z! EMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)3 I( b6 y8 s& y. c' ?9 o
, P3 {5 \+ D: o0 u' o2 X
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)
" R+ e& g% `& y3 V; {! n
- B# f; F. i; h# h  xThis news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
; g# K$ L; \& P- `7 j$ [; B+ K  Q+ O
The president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?)
8 @$ `! V. h) x0 @$ g
" q/ S3 g$ q% h( @; ]0 eI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)8 g) s4 }, }  [4 P

4 j" c- Z. n# |5 r/ R* p2 \) V2 QMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor)
  S7 a3 O9 L# m0 i; }/ f0 P/ f7 i  b9 f7 d
We hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)- F, C: B, `! Q; K" c
% p* R( Y! _& N4 {; m0 N+ k3 `
The charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
. O+ [3 `2 k9 ^; w% b3 p+ K/ x; T
% V$ w! ~- e1 N- J5 JWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)
% X& k* [4 k6 M* }$ \; N
% c9 X+ b4 y; L; q7 N9 ]$ GPlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
# B; M" b  u6 S: A' A3 ~, Y+ I: m* K- ]) M
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!- y$ K, f* z( w) ^

# h( U' S+ d$ O7 S8 D; B8 c/ n' g/ H) g" g- a- S" x. J" k
2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。, R% d; e% `6 f# c; F
$ H! B6 X4 B! \$ e8 H2 x
例如:) y, ?3 k* R+ _' f) U4 O
1 @) _' s( C) \/ o+ l0 v
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now). C8 V0 b# ]$ |1 v

& H& y. E9 b( y* \Despite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)
- D4 K: W, W+ E' m# D) Y( a0 e4 W& ?+ i
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)  v8 w4 O0 _% `0 R3 w. e: E

: t& e/ I2 t: l( r% @: g( }& O  rHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
! K; ?$ k/ _  L3 w4 @4 {2 R! P# [7 w) C* P
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually)$ W) m# g& W- ~

( U% I: S$ F/ dShe shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer): }+ d; W" H* p

! D  k. w) W/ f9 N! a  FI will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)! ]8 m2 o8 R! `* h/ I3 G
( y3 T1 l/ e: A2 Y
如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:; q: `/ l) c2 |1 o6 {* v

! |  v9 D7 A6 m% ], LThe consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)8 ^/ z; B3 Q5 H' i6 ~5 Z& r' \9 y% k
( s( i; L+ l2 @
The letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
5 Y" R# n! g: O( e
7 S/ Y* u: l$ w7 z6 y8 Y+ x( LHe has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)
9 X9 ?+ ^) s2 [( F2 A; K! N
; Y3 e; H' ]  ]; aHe has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
/ q+ _* G% {$ k& r: R7 q4 I. ~& A, J2 u
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)% ]* p* F" U" j6 O& j5 K

# H1 D: A: ~3 V. N' R% eEnclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
" E' J' x8 C8 d( g4 n( R1 q+ c5 D( Q
4 o$ n9 O, }% q. b9 G( @写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)
( ]/ q3 v* y! a' l6 a4 E" M+ l% O
$ u, P0 w# {" A$ L- v此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。4 v% C3 U4 z5 G1 ~1 m: c# o/ O& a

8 G4 A7 x# W' _# m! p/ c8 s$ ]% z% E1 Q3 M( L6 O- d
3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」5 `7 i4 Y# J, a% }* N( F, n6 U5 R; U( g

# p" @4 l2 ]0 }/ j3 S, t/ @, _例如:
$ D3 T* }/ H/ l3 a  l
( M3 w9 J. Y; y5 k+ C; ^Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
% [9 S' o+ P% {/ j% c' s. m* ^2 F+ B! d3 {' q$ P; X
Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources)$ J, A8 f5 m( _3 r# W) i$ u
5 r  h) p5 Y& h' y
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)
1 I/ Q- F/ v' p" G$ N+ |# l" A6 _# a
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
: K/ h* B) w! o  o
! }3 v. m! z  a+ E+ LMany businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)& o! |: G1 L/ g" W7 @4 W

. J% ]) ~0 E. {: g* g6 b% a( V( VPolicemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
0 [* ], P) G; Q* A
8 i2 L+ z1 O" O. xCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)7 P# i5 H5 |9 z3 P( d

# `1 a! y% s: n8 l! eStewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)
) \4 Y$ q7 V" U1 j+ w8 D, S! O9 I
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。
5 m+ K' V; d0 G, N5 ?7 k5 `& F; v$ w- k5 v' r" {
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
- A$ j3 D* D0 S& I; F6 \$ Z
( ]- P7 |# l3 i4 Z6 N对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;  C! e5 X! s' |% \; U2 ~/ c
7 T* w) Z( X' K, Z% {0 Z
对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
% e- a' E& H" w; R
. R% b. x* I# c$ g7 C1 ]% Q对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
+ e! [) v' U) o" z. t. ^" B: N# K6 x+ d$ |
对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
7 q) t% Z! C& Y  {: ^: `8 D/ A& s+ ~& v) C: Q" p
至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
  `: [" d% h/ ~( k. {1 k) `# ^1 D, Q8 @, P& l) N- d9 b% W' R, y- F
还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。" i8 y- v, N6 J) v4 H
6 x' {2 f" _2 |' R2 X
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
3 a* b+ x" ^3 Y! Z  P9 N

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-8-29 16:33 , Processed in 0.062176 second(s), 24 queries , Gzip On.

Copyright © 2001-2026, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表