AdvertCN - 广告中国

 找回密码
 立即注册

QQ登录

只需一步,快速开始

PropellerAds
Google-Bing-Mediago-Criteo开户
⚡️按条S5代理⚡️静态⚡️独享⚡️5G广告专用虚拟卡/U充值/高返点皇家代理IP⚡️#1性价比⚡️
Mediabuy⚡️玩家开户首选【鲁班跨境通-自助充值转账】FB/GG/TT❤️官方免费开户Affiliate 全媒体流量资源⚡️
Taboola/Outbrain /Bing⚡️一级代理开户投流-7*24h❤️人工在线【官方】❤️搜索套利买量投流开户独立站⚡️开户投放
⚡️AdsPower:安全不封号,高效自动化Google FB TK游戏代投⚡️E.PN 虚拟卡⚡️BINOM TRACKER 60% OFF!
比Adplexity还好用的Spy工具ADPLEXITY + ADVERTCN7200W全球动态不重复住宅IP代理虚拟信用卡+独立站收款
全球虚拟卡, 支持U充值Facebook 批量上广告尤里改 - FB 稳定投放免费黑五教程(持续更新、欢迎交流)
FB 三不限源头 - 自助下户充值转款各种主页、账单户、BM户(优势)IPCola原生住宅IP⚡️$1.8/条双ISPFB海外户、GG老户、TK加白老户
海外CL企业户源头FB虚拟卡⚡️消费越多返现越多最大欧洲Nutra网盟BA找量FB广告Spy工具⚡免费试用✅
FB个号1块一个TikTok2审户/老户/国内外端口/加白GG,FB,TK, 欧美源头, 欢迎合作❤️FB企业户海外户,授信户,TK加白户
Proxy4Free独家住宅IP池❤️免费测试联盟收款/海外资金下发/服贸结汇域名防红⚠斗篷工具/可试用3天广告位出租
8500万高质量住宅IP,助力各种需求虚拟卡返佣1%,国内持牌机构  
查看: 6038|回复: 0

[其他] 英语写作三大注意事项

[复制链接]

5

主题

104

广告币

110

积分

初级会员

Rank: 2

积分
110

社区QQ达人

发表于 2014-1-8 22:50:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
PTMLink
本帖最后由 finder 于 2014-12-28 00:10 编辑
  d& E; i+ s8 t8 S) H4 E, i) {% o& T
转帖
& d7 o  u( D# ^  j1. 尤其在商业上,报章杂志或公文书信上,尽量不用难字 (big word) 或过时的字眼 (old-fashioned word)

$ m; N/ P9 X; n1 {
, A6 n2 f3 m* Q* \2 j例如:  Y4 u) z# L2 o' y8 f

, _9 e9 @+ C; \2 [& pMany people feel that moral education is the infrastructure of higher learning. (许多人认为道德教育是高等知识的基础) (如果用 foundation 或 basis 代替 infrastructure 就更明白)
# }! Q. u% {) Y; \5 g  ?6 {) s- w6 U2 Z$ E
Three hundred acres of land is the parameter of our university,s expansion (growth). (三百英亩的土地是本大学发展的限度) (如果用limit代替parameter,会更简单易懂。)# E$ u: w4 z5 d5 g1 W6 C! p
0 q2 Q6 f; y: u& A7 V1 W' t
This news has been disseminated all over the U.S. (这消息已散布到全美各地) (如果用spread取代disseminated,不更简单?) (动词时态是:spread, spread, spread)
7 y6 u& K2 s. B0 H# H  C; x; z; d
! y3 Z( `: ?% a5 O. D% b7 XThe president of this college is not diminutive in size. (这大学的校长个子不小) (假如用small代替diminutive,不更明白吗?); s8 v1 ^6 b3 S% s' [6 x2 G

( X) n0 l2 _7 i! X$ qI have to elucidate this document to my staff. (我要向我的员工解释这份文件) (如用explain代替elucidate,也许更明白。)
  N! P) {6 Y# w% n) Y0 e
2 F. }# F0 L5 k2 |# aMr. A will endeavor to be a physician. (A 先生想尝试当个医生) (如果用try代替endeavor,会更浅白。) (endeavour = endeavor); @8 M  E; f3 t# Z" K

) Q7 [# z8 A: y' t3 VWe hope to visualize world peace in the future. (我们希望将来看到世界和平)(如果用see代替visualize,也许更简单!)
% U/ @. O# R; O3 F: @& r3 e
; Q3 d, P1 ]' m, N  _& V; GThe charitable organization solicits for our annual donation. (慈善机构要求我们一年一度乐捐)(假如用 ask 代替 solicit,更浅白易懂。)(solicitation是名词)
% W) u- l7 V& ]+ r
& ]/ A7 K* k3 W/ N1 pWe don't know what may transpire when we have a new boss. (当新老板来后,我们不知会有什么发生。) (如果用happen代替transpire,也许更明白。)5 ^/ X" [4 }, \' u# ~( l/ c  o9 y

5 k% U2 z, r) ePlease act as soon as possible on the aforementioned matter. (前面提过的事,请尽速办理。)(如果用 previous 代替古字 aforementioned 不是更明白?)
% o! V  {4 k9 q8 D# [) \! t* r6 V5 }4 @
这就像美国大文豪马克吐温 Mark Twain 也曾说过:「我不愿在字典里找长字或难字,我绝不用『metropolis』这个字,因为我同样可以用『city』这个字来代替」。罗斯福总统为了强调美国政府不会遗忘那些穷人,在一篇讲词里用了这么一句:「We are endeavoring to construct a more inclusive society.」后来被人批评咬文嚼字,卖弄文笔。如果用浅白易懂的字眼写成:「We are going to make this country in which no one is left out.」或「We are trying to make everyone equal.」也许更简单明白!
  R2 z2 B, X) S5 e) P8 y5 b- @0 |: R+ O, c& S2 c4 w

' J6 R' T/ m* h& O. f  F0 J! O2. 老外也主张不写噜苏或绚丽的字眼(flowery or wordy),句子应该越短越好,一句能用两个字,绝不多加一个。; f# `8 w! Q. M( l
+ ?$ a9 X4 C! ^3 P
例如:  A! u- @( X% _& x
" d  A* T8 A& H& a. g9 V9 F
At this point in time, we should pull together for our goal. (现在我们应该为我们的目标团结一致)(如果说:Now, we should pull......更简单。因为 at this point in time = now)
% e. O8 `2 D, Z$ F$ v# D* T
3 j: b. H/ y. VDespite the fact that my English is not very good, I am not discouraged. (虽然我的英语不好,但我不灰心。) (如果说:Although my English is not...... 就更简短。因为despite the fact tha t= although = Though)3 J, G) G; q0 N2 o
# ~7 |+ Q. w1 w  e
I am of the opinion that Mr. Lee should resign from this position. (我想李先生应该辞职) (假如说:I think Mr. Lee should......不是更简单吗?因为I am of the opinion = I think)
1 x% |, d/ B4 H9 G$ O7 O# u& N
& {) C/ L; U; Z3 {8 WHe quitted the job due to the fact that he was sick. (他由于生病而辞职) (若说:He quitted the job because he was sick. 更简单。因为 due to the fact that = because)
& g( a' ~4 \! L. ]  m( V: a- x$ u* d' ~1 B
In the majority of cases,he likes to ride bike to the office.(他通常喜欢骑单车到办公室) (如果说:Usually, he likes to ride...... 更简单。因为 in the majority of cases = usually); V/ ^# Y% w7 k' b

) l1 {: D) W2 P$ l* V& _She shows a preference for tea rather than coffee. (她喜欢茶而不是咖啡) (若说:She prefers tea rather......更简短清楚,因为 show a preference for = prefer)
9 a' f5 \; O7 v. P, e1 ~' c) x, e4 v, a, |5 h
I will bring the matter to the attention of Mr. Wang. (我要通知王先生)  g  \9 L6 N- s' U! p

  D" m: S+ U7 y# R如果只说:I will tell Mr. Wang (about the matter). 不是更简单吗?因为 bring the matter to the attention of = tell = inform) (句子最后面:「about the matter」可以省去); 同理,也要避免意义的重复或用字的多余 (redundant); 例如:
1 R  U2 ]+ \  r6 `! k0 v9 i+ d# K3 D" H8 ~1 b* u, C
The consensus(of opinion)is that we have to act right away.(大家认为我们必须立即行动)(of opinion 可以省去,因为 consensus 的意思,就是大家的意见。)9 b7 _  {* r5 T( f1 B

- |8 c# V) O6 L( eThe letter shows that the problem(continues to)remain unsolved.(他的信显示问题尚未解决)(continue to 是多余的字,因为 remain 已经有 continue 的含意。所以句子就成为:The letter shows that the problem remains unsolved.)
* m9 ?6 F# v4 x2 {6 a" A( O$ ~; L$ e2 o  B  q3 P' Z: B$ [1 H
He has made his (final) conclusion in his speech.(他在演说里做出结论) (final 是多余的字,因为 conclusion 已经含有 final 的意思。)* d* I  @0 d# U- F
% \! a: J# @! T' q
He has had many years of (actual) experience in business。(他有多年经商的经验) (actual 也是多余的字,因为 experience 已有 actual 的意味)
2 p$ I5 x! T0 x3 t4 M% q( @4 r& U: W
We assembled (together) all the parts for our radio.(我们装好收音机的零件)(因为 assemble 本身就有 together 的意思,所以 together 是多余的)" `3 ]% I3 d& I
$ e4 I, l! x  `" v- u+ O
Enclosed (herewith ) please find the report of the meeting.(herewith 是多余的字,因为 enclosed 就有 herewith 的意思)(即:附上会议报告,请查收)
0 r. a% z$ V  [; g# ~
4 e# Y9 M8 o' f+ K& d! d' B( _, M4 F0 C  b写到这里,想起一位深受美国人民爱戴,一向主张不写长句、不噜苏的美国已故参议员 Stephen Young,他每次受邀参加会议、演讲、宴会时,他的回信只有三个字「我会到」(I'll be there)......。也有人打趣的说:「讲演或写作的句子,就像穿迷你裙,愈短愈好。」(Like wearing mini-skirt, sentences in speech or writing should be the shorter, the better.)) k+ x* r, t: `# C

& c5 h0 w, z0 u$ B6 i: G此外还有:in reference to = about;draw to close = end; at an early date = soon等。; z/ _, h1 U7 v

) @: m# T( y* A6 N
/ l4 d# ~' f2 }3.老外为了族群和谐相处,除不用歧视或偏见的字眼外,连男女性别,也要避免区别,以示「平等」+ M  n8 K* L6 |- J% ]" T. E& b9 ~
3 w* B- |+ n4 ?8 L! K& W
例如:5 m( q. a: ?7 s* r: @% G5 }5 t9 s
- N2 c" i0 ~9 N3 P6 i' t
Mankind are considered the smartest animals in the world。(人类是世上最聪明的动物)= Man is the smartest animal......。 (如果改为:Human beings are considered the smartest animals...... 就能包括男女。所以 mankind = man = human beings) (注意:mankind 后面动词要用多数,而 man 的后面动词,则用单数)
- U: i* c; K* o" h: k6 {5 u: ~
+ D1 _' m1 t& F9 K8 T6 Y/ \Manpower seems not strong enough in developing our economy here. (发展这里的经济,似乎缺乏人力资源。)(如果说:Labor power seems not strong enough... 也就没有「男性主义」的感觉。可见 manpower = labor power = work force = human resources); H' t8 x7 G5 p) Y
& L; D( f) H0 e/ D' U9 \1 m, g, |+ e
This small company hired a cleaning woman yesterday.(这个小公司昨天请来一名清洁女工)(如果说:This small company hired an office cleaner...也就没有男女之分了)* j8 q' ?8 a# ^( x+ V1 R; E
# ]9 o4 Z( Z7 x5 `1 A6 X( p1 m" o
He (she) has been a committee chairman (chairwoman) since 1998. (自从1998年他就是委员会主席) (假如把chairman或chairwoman改为chairperson或chair,就没有男女之分。) (如指讨论会的主持人,也可称为 moderator 或 coordinator。)
/ A5 b. r: S& N1 a# W- i  X" p4 K- n  H1 t6 H
Many businessmen (businesswomen) feel their jobs are very stressful.(许多商人觉得工作压力很大)(如果把 businessmen (businesswomen) 改为 business people 或 business executives 或 business managers 就可包括男女了)(凡是单数 man 或 woman,其多数都是 men 或 women。)
2 F6 V# r+ C- x+ w/ m4 s$ }( I; d! w( r
Policemen (policewomen) should treat citizens with courtesy.(警察对人民应该有礼貌)(假如把 policemen 或 policewomen 改为 police officers 就可避免男女性别)
4 ^% a8 ?! {/ r- f& ~- q# P
% A8 n- p! b/ e0 XCongressmen (congresswomen) should speak up for their constitutes. (国会议员应该为其选民说话)(constitute = voter) (我们也可以把 congressmen 或 congresswomen 改为 members of congress 或 congressional representatives)- {0 V! [3 P+ o0 ?2 ?# C, s
" s$ x+ Z0 K8 J, \' E+ h8 m- K
Stewardesses for international regions may get jet lag sometimes.(国际航线的空中小姐有时会有时差疲惫的现象)(如把 stewardess 改为 flight attendant,就能包括男女空中服务员。)1 M4 Z; c7 r- |; m6 f- G0 w. z5 o0 S
: v/ H! ?7 Y% z
同理,我们可以把 salesman 或 saleswoman 改为 salesperson;把 mailman 改为 mail carrier 或 postal worker;把 foreman 改为 supervisor 等等。: D5 e6 Y$ C- ]% r
/ z' [# B' a8 D  P! ~. ~" @. @
当然,一些带有种族偏见的字眼,甚至有侮辱的味道(insulting words 或 slur),也要尽量避免使用,以免闹出麻烦。例如:
6 l' |% n" t) i0 s; n) k1 m6 h7 F/ a0 o7 o- [+ h
对黑人不要用 Negro,更不能用 Nigger(用 Black 还可以),礼貌的说法是 Afro-American 或 African-American;
7 |; D2 c& q# M: F" m* {4 L$ h
( g1 f7 C( a$ O. x/ ^对白人不要用 Honky(这是黑人骂白人的用字),正确用法是 Caucasian,或 white people;
! x) h0 _" c) g# r  X' [3 j) [+ F" x- f( y
对犹太人不要用 Hymies,应该叫 Jewish 或 Jewish people;
( C, m: t: q/ D7 Z% q
2 s# N5 G' N# q+ D8 w3 |9 v对越南人不要用 Gook,要用 Vietnamese;
/ p, [# s1 {5 A8 E/ ~% r
7 f; {# k3 O( v  ^2 ?1 I至于墨西哥人、西班牙人及中、南美洲人,包括 Puerto Rico,正确的用法多是 Hispanics 或 Latins,不过据说西班牙人为了维护自己的文化,倒喜欢别人称为 Spaniard。 更多信息请访问:
3 m& a8 Z9 y* l9 Q* H# e" @
5 Q- W; e8 c) w, E- `还有黑白结婚的孩子,也不可称为 Oreo(Oreo 饼乾外面是巧克力,里面是白奶油)。! k. }" y( h' k% k
4 n9 y6 K7 c+ q2 n5 R
有偏见的老外,不叫华人为 Chinese,而叫 Chink 或 Chinaman(从前还叫「Yellow Peril」,即黄祸)。遇到这种事,怎么办呢?我建议:「君子不与小人斗」,最好是「不理」(ignore)或「走开」(walk away)。不过老外与你谈话时,如果使用这些不礼貌的字眼,那么你就可以说:「For your information,the word you just used is derogatory(或 inappropriate)to describe someone of my race.」(只想让你知道:你刚刚所用的字,来描写我的族群,是很不合适的)。
8 q! n8 n9 ]$ A9 C1 T# k$ j

评分

参与人数 1广告币 +2 收起 理由
ゞ灬W老大つ + 2 很给力!

查看全部评分

相关帖子
回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

本版积分规则

关于我们|联系我们|DMCA|广告服务|小黑屋|手机版|Archiver|Github|网站地图|AdvertCN

GMT+8, 2026-5-15 13:48 , Processed in 0.045251 second(s), 15 queries , Gzip On, MemCache On.

Copyright © 2001-2023, AdvertCN

Proudly Operating in Hong Kong.

快速回复 返回顶部 返回列表